共用方式為

FAQ: Converting Add-ins to VSPackage Extensions

  • 發行項

Add-ins are now deprecated. To make a new Visual Studio extension, you need to create a VSPackage. If you already have an add-in, it may still run; however, if you want to distribute it, you should convert it to a VSPackage. Here are the answers to some frequently asked questions about how to convert a Visual Studio add-in to a VSPackage extension.

Important

In many cases you can simply transfer your addin code to a VSPackage project. You can get the DTE automation object by calling GetService in the Initialize method.

DTE2 dte = (DTE2)GetService(typeof(DTE));

For more information, see How can I run my add-in code in a VSPackage? below.

What software do I need to develop VSPackage extensions?

You need to install the Visual Studio 2013 SDK in addition to the Professional, Premium, or Ultimate edition of Visual Studio 2013. You can download the SDK from the Visual Studio 2013 SDK page on the Microsoft Download Center website. We recommend that you install the SDK before you install Visual Studio 2013 Update 2.

Where's the VSPackage documentation?

Start with Extending Visual Studio Overview. Other articles about VSPackage development are organized under that one.

Can I convert my add-in project to a VSPackage project?

An add-in project can't be converted to a VSPackage project because the mechanisms used in VSPackage projects are not the same as the ones in add-in projects. The VSPackage project template has a lot of code that makes it relatively easy to get up and running as a VSPackage extension.

How do I start developing VSPackage extensions?

The project template for VSPackage extensions has the elements you need. Here’s how you make a VSPackage that has a menu command:

To make a VSPackage that has a menu command

  1. Create a Visual Studio Package project, and name it TestVSPackage. (File, New, Project, or type project in the Quick Launch window). In the New Project dialog box, expand Other Project Types, Extensibility and select Visual Studio Package. Name the project TestVSPackage and specify a location for it.

  2. The Visual Studio Package Wizard appears. On its Select a Programming Language page, select C# as the language. Keep the Generate a new key option selected. On the VSPackage Options page, select Menu Command. Choose the Finish button.

  3. Press F5 to build and run the project in debug mode.

    A second instance of Visual Studio appears. This second instance is called the experimental instance, and it may not have the same settings as the instance of Visual Studio you're using to write code. The first time you run the experimental instance, you will be asked to sign in to VS Online and specify your theme and profile.

    On the Tools menu (in the experimental instance) you should see a button named My Command name. When you choose this button, a message should appear: Inside TestVSPackagePackage.MenuItemCallback().

How can I run my add-in code in a VSPackage?

Add-in code usually runs in one of two ways:

  • Triggered by a menu command (the code is in the IDTCommandTarget.Exec method)

  • Automatically on startup (the code is in the OnConnection event handler.)

You can do the same things in a VSPackage. Here's how to add some add-in code in the callback method:

To implement a menu command in a VSPackage

  1. Create a VSPackage that has a menu command. (See How do I start developing VSPackage extensions?.)

  2. Open the file that contains the definition of the VSPackage. (In a C# project, it's <your project name>Package.cs.)

  3. Add the following using statements to the file:

    using EnvDTE;
using EnvDTE80;

  4. Find the MenuItemCallback method. Add a call to GetService to get the DTE2 object:

    DTE2 dte = (DTE2)GetService(typeof(DTE));

  5. Add the code that your add-in had in its IDTCommandTarget.Exec method. For example, here is some code that adds a new pane to the Output window and prints "Some Text" in the new pane.

    private void MenuItemCallback(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    DTE2 dte = (DTE2) GetService(typeof(DTE));
    OutputWindow outputWindow = dte.ToolWindows.OutputWindow;

    OutputWindowPane outputWindowPane = outputWindow.OutputWindowPanes.Add("A New Pane");
    outputWindowPane.OutputString("Some Text");
}

  6. Build and run this project. Press F5 or select Start on the Debug toolbar. In the experimental instance of Visual Studio, the Tools menu should have a button named My Command name. When you choose this button, the words Some Text should appear in an Output window pane. (You may have to open the Output window.)

You can also have your code run on startup. However, this approach is generally discouraged for VSPackage extensions. If too many extensions try to load when Visual Studio starts, the start time might become noticeably longer. A better practice is to load the VSPackage automatically only when some condition is met (like a solution being opened).

This procedure shows how to run add-in code in a VSPackage that loads automatically when a solution is opened:

To autoload a VSPackage

  1. Create a Visual Studio Package project. (For the steps to do this, see How do I start developing VSPackage extensions?. Name the project TestAutoload and specify a location for it.

  2. The Visual Studio Package Wizard appears. On its Select a Programming Language page, select C# as the language and keep the Generate a new key option selected. Choose Finish.

  3. Open TestAutoloadPackage.cs. Find the line where the package class is declared:

    public sealed class <name of your package>Package : Package

  4. Above this line is a set of attributes. Add this attribute:

    [ProvideAutoLoad(UIContextGuids80.SolutionExists)]

  5. Set a breakpoint in the Initialize() method and start debugging (F5).

  6. In the experimental instance, open a project. The VSPackage should load, and your breakpoint should be hit.

You can specify other contexts in which to load your VSPackage by using the fields of UIContextGuids80. For more information, see How to: Autoload a VSPackage.

How can I get the DTE object?

If your add-in doesn't display UI—for example, menu commands, toolbar buttons, or tool windows—you may be able to use your code as-is as long as you get the DTE automation object from the VSPackage. Here's how:

To get the DTE object from a VSPackage

  1. In a VSPackage solution, look for the <project name>Package.cs file. This is the class that derives from Package; it can help you interact with Visual Studio. In this case, you use its GetService to get the DTE2 object.

  2. Add these using statements:

    using EnvDTE;
using EnvDTE80;

  3. Find the Initialize method. This method handles the command you specified in the package wizard. Add a call to GetService to get the DTE object:

    DTE dte = (DTE)GetService(typeof(DTE));

After you have the DTE automation object, you can add the rest of your add-in code to the project. If you need the DTE2 object, you can do the same thing.

How do I change menu commands and toolbar buttons in my add-in to the VSPackage style?

VSPackage extensions use the .vsct file to create most of the menu commands, toolbars, toolbar buttons, and other UI. The VSPackage project template gives you the option to create a command on the Tools menu. For more information, see Walkthrough: Creating a Menu Command By Using the Visual Studio Package Template.

For more information about .vsct files, see How VSPackages Add User Interface Elements to the IDE. For walkthroughs that show how to use the .vsct file to add menu items, toolbars, and toolbar buttons, see Walkthroughs for User Interface Elements

How do I add custom tool windows in the VSPackage way?

The VSPackage project template gives you the option to create a tool window. For more information, see Tool Windows and the articles under it, especially How to: Create a Tool Window.

How do I manage Visual Studio windows in the VSPackage way?

If your add-in manages Visual Studio windows, the add-in code should work in a VSPackage. For example, this procedure shows how to add code that manages the Task List to the MenuItemCallback method of the VSPackage.

To insert window-management code from an add-in into a VSPackage

  1. Create a VSPackage that has a menu command, as in the How do I start developing VSPackage extensions? section.

  2. Open the file that contains the definition of the VSPackage. (In a C# project, it's <your project name>Package.cs.)

  3. Add these using statements:

    using EnvDTE;
using EnvDTE80;

  4. Find the MenuItemCallback method. Add a call to GetService to get the DTE2 object:

    DTE2 dte = (DTE2)GetService(typeof(DTE));

  5. Add the code from your add-in. For example, here is some code that adds new tasks to the Task List, lists the number of tasks, and then deletes one task.

    private void MenuItemCallback(object sender, EventArgs e) 
{
    DTE2 dte = (DTE2) GetService(typeof(DTE)); 

    TaskList tl = (TaskList)dte.ToolWindows.TaskList; 
    askItem tlItem; 

    // Add a couple of tasks to the Task List. 
    tlItem = tl.TaskItems.Add(" ", " ", "Test task 1.",  
        vsTaskPriority.vsTaskPriorityHigh, vsTaskIcon.vsTaskIconUser, 
        true, "", 10, true, true);
    tlItem = tl.TaskItems.Add(" ", " ", "Test task 2.", 
        vsTaskPriority.vsTaskPriorityLow, vsTaskIcon.vsTaskIconComment, true, "", 20, true,true);

    // List the total number of task list items after adding the new task items.
    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Task Item 1 description: "+tl.TaskItems.Item(2).Description);
    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Total number of task items: "+tl.TaskItems.Count); 

    // Remove the second task item. The items list in reverse numeric order. 
    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Deleting the second task item");
    tl.TaskItems.Item(2).Delete();
    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Total number of task items: "+tl.TaskItems.Count); 
}

How do I manage projects and solutions in a VSPackage?

If your add-in manages projects and solutions, the add-in code should work in a VSPackage. For example, this procedure shows how to add code that gets the startup project.

  1. Create a VSPackage that has a menu command, as in the How do I start developing VSPackage extensions? section.

  2. Open the file that contains the definition of the VSPackage. (In a C# project, it's <your project name>Package.cs.)

  3. Add these using statements:

    using EnvDTE;
using EnvDTE80;

  4. Find the MenuItemCallback method. Add a call to GetService to get the DTE2 object:

    DTE2 dte = (DTE2)GetService(typeof(DTE));

  5. Add the code from your add-in. For example, the following code gets the name of the startup project in a solution. (A multi-project solution must be open when this package runs.)

    private void MenuItemCallback(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    DTE2 dte = (DTE2) GetService(typeof(DTE)); 

    SolutionBuild2 sb = (SolutionBuild2)dte.Solution.SolutionBuild; 
    Project startupProj; 
    string msg = "";

    foreach (String item in (Array)sb.StartupProjects) 
    {
        msg += item; 
    }
    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Solution startup Project: "+msg); 
    startupProj = dte.Solution.Item(msg); 
    System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show("Full name of solution's startup project: "+"/n"+startupProj.FullName); 
}

How do I set keyboard shortcuts in a VSPackage?

You use the <KeyBindings> element of the .vsct file. In the following example, the keyboard shortcut for the command idCommand1 is Alt+A, and the keyboard shortcut for the command idCommand2 is Alt+Ctrl+A. Notice the syntax for the key names.

<KeyBindings>
    <KeyBinding guid="MyProjectCmdSet" id="idCommand1" editor="guidVSStd97" key1="A" mod1="ALT" />
    <KeyBinding guid="MyProjectCmdSet" id="idCommand2" editor="guidVSStd97" key1="A" mod1="CONTROL" mod2="ALT" />
</KeyBindings>

How do I handle automation events in a VSPackage?

You handle automation events in a VSPackage in the same way as in your add-in. The following code shows how to handle the OnItemRenamed event. (This example assumes that you've already gotten the DTE object.)

Events2 dteEvents = (Events2)dte.Events;
dteEvents.ProjectItemsEvents.ItemRenamed += listener1.OnItemRenamed; 
. . .
public void OnItemRenamed(EnvDTE.ProjectItem projItem, string oldName) 
{
    string s = "[Event] Renamed " + oldName + " to " + Path.GetFileName(projItem.get_FileNames(1) + " in project " + projItem.ContainingProject.Name; 
}