IStructuralComparable.CompareTo(Object, IComparer) 方法

参考

定义

命名空间:: System.Collections

程序集:: System.Runtime.dll

程序集:: mscorlib.dll

程序集:: netstandard.dll

重要

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确定当前集合对象在排序顺序中的位置是位于另一个对象之前、之后还是与其位置相同。

public:
 int CompareTo(System::Object ^ other, System::Collections::IComparer ^ comparer);

public int CompareTo (object other, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

public int CompareTo (object? other, System.Collections.IComparer comparer);

abstract member CompareTo : obj * System.Collections.IComparer -> int

Public Function CompareTo (other As Object, comparer As IComparer) As Integer

参数

other: Object

要与当前实例进行比较的对象。

comparer: IComparer

一个将当前集合对象的成员与 other 的对应成员进行比较的对象。

Int32

指明当前集合对象与 other 的排序顺序关系的带符号整数：
- 如果小于 0，表明当前实例先于 other。
- 如果等于 0，表明当前实例和 other 的顺序相同。
- 如果大于 0，表明当前实例后于 other。

返回值	说明
-1	当前实例位于 `other` 之前。
0	当前实例与 `other` 位于同一位置。
1	当前实例位于 `other` 之后。

例外

ArgumentException

此实例与 other 不是同一类型。

示例

以下示例创建对象数组 Tuple<T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6> ，其中包含 1960 到 2000 年三个美国城市的人口数据。性爱的第一部分是城市名称。其余五个组成部分代表从1960年到2000年每隔十年一次的人口。

类 PopulationComparer 提供了一个 IComparer 实现，该实现允许按其任何一个组件对性对象数组进行排序。在其构造函数中向 PopulationComparer 类提供两个值：定义排序顺序的组件的位置，以及一个 Boolean 值，该值指示元组对象应按升序还是降序排序。

然后，该示例按未排序的顺序显示数组中的元素，按 1970 年) 总体 (第三个分量进行排序并显示它们，然后按 2000 年) 总体 (第六个分量对其进行排序并显示它们。请注意，该示例不直接调用实现 IStructuralComparable.CompareTo 。方法由 Sort(Array, IComparer) 数组中每个元组对象的方法隐式调用。

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class PopulationComparer<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> : IComparer
{
   private int itemPosition;
   private int multiplier = -1;

   public PopulationComparer(int component) : this(component, true)
   { }

   public PopulationComparer(int component, bool descending)
   {
      if (! descending) multiplier = 1;

      if (component <= 0 || component > 6)
         throw new ArgumentException("The component argument is out of range.");

      itemPosition = component;
   }

   public int Compare(object x, object y)
   {
      var tX = x as Tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>;
      if (tX == null)
      {
         return 0;
      }
      else
      {
         var tY = y as Tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>;
         switch (itemPosition)
         {
            case 1:
               return Comparer<T1>.Default.Compare(tX.Item1, tY.Item1) * multiplier;
            case 2:
               return Comparer<T2>.Default.Compare(tX.Item2, tY.Item2) * multiplier;
            case 3:
               return Comparer<T3>.Default.Compare(tX.Item3, tY.Item3) * multiplier;
            case 4:
               return Comparer<T4>.Default.Compare(tX.Item4, tY.Item4) * multiplier;
            case 5:
               return Comparer<T5>.Default.Compare(tX.Item5, tY.Item5) * multiplier;
            case 6:
               return Comparer<T6>.Default.Compare(tX.Item6, tY.Item6) * multiplier;
            default:
               return Comparer<T1>.Default.Compare(tX.Item1, tY.Item1) * multiplier;
         }
      }
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      // Create array of sextuple with population data for three U.S.
      // cities, 1960-2000.
      Tuple<string, int, int, int, int, int>[] cities =
           { Tuple.Create("Los Angeles", 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820),
             Tuple.Create("New York", 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278),
             Tuple.Create("Chicago", 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016) };

      // Display array in unsorted order.
      Console.WriteLine("In unsorted order:");
      foreach (var city in cities)
         Console.WriteLine(city.ToString());
      Console.WriteLine();

      Array.Sort(cities, new PopulationComparer<string, int, int, int, int, int>(3));

      // Display array in sorted order.
      Console.WriteLine("Sorted by population in 1970:");
      foreach (var city in cities)
         Console.WriteLine(city.ToString());
      Console.WriteLine();

      Array.Sort(cities, new PopulationComparer<string, int, int, int, int, int>(6));

      // Display array in sorted order.
      Console.WriteLine("Sorted by population in 2000:");
      foreach (var city in cities)
         Console.WriteLine(city.ToString());
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    In unsorted order:
//    (Los Angeles, 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820)
//    (New York, 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278)
//    (Chicago, 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016)
//    
//    Sorted by population in 1970:
//    (New York, 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278)
//    (Chicago, 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016)
//    (Los Angeles, 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820)
//    
//    Sorted by population in 2000:
//    (New York, 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278)
//    (Los Angeles, 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820)
//    (Chicago, 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016)

Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Collections.Generic

Public Class PopulationComparer(Of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) : Implements IComparer
   Private itemPosition As Integer
   Private multiplier As Integer = -1
      
   Public Sub New(component As Integer)
      Me.New(component, True)
   End Sub
   
   Public Sub New(component As Integer, descending As Boolean)
      If Not descending Then multiplier = 1
      
      If component <= 0 Or component > 6 Then 
         Throw New ArgumentException("The component argument is out of range.")
      End If
      itemPosition = component
   End Sub 
   
   Public Function Compare(x As Object, y As Object) As Integer _
                   Implements IComparer.Compare
 
      Dim tX = TryCast(x, Tuple(Of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6))
      If tX Is Nothing Then
         Return 0
      Else
         Dim tY = DirectCast(y, Tuple(Of T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6))
         Select Case itemPosition
            Case 1
               Return Comparer(Of T1).Default.Compare(tX.Item1, tY.Item1) * multiplier
            Case 2
               Return Comparer(Of T2).Default.Compare(tX.Item2, tY.Item2) * multiplier
            Case 3
               Return Comparer(Of T3).Default.Compare(tX.Item3, tY.Item3) * multiplier
            Case 4
               Return Comparer(Of T4).Default.Compare(tX.Item4, tY.Item4) * multiplier
            Case 5
               Return Comparer(Of T5).Default.Compare(tX.Item5, tY.Item5) * multiplier
            Case 6
               Return Comparer(Of T6).Default.Compare(tX.Item6, tY.Item6) * multiplier
            ' This should never happen.
            Case Else
               Return 0
         End Select      
      End If
   End Function
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      ' Create array of sextuple with population data for three U.S. 
      ' cities, 1960-2000.
      Dim cities() = 
          { Tuple.Create("Los Angeles", 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820),
            Tuple.Create("New York", 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278),  
            Tuple.Create("Chicago", 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016) } 
      
      ' Display array in unsorted order.
      Console.WriteLine("In unsorted order:")
      For Each city In cities
         Console.WriteLine(city.ToString())
      Next
      Console.WriteLine()
      
      Array.Sort(cities, New PopulationComparer(Of String, Integer, Integer, Integer, Integer, Integer)(3)) 
                           
      ' Display array in sorted order.
      Console.WriteLine("Sorted by population in 1970:")
      For Each city In cities
         Console.WriteLine(city.ToString())
      Next
      Console.WriteLine()
      
      Array.Sort(cities, New PopulationComparer(Of String, Integer, Integer, Integer, Integer, Integer)(6))
                           
      ' Display array in sorted order.
      Console.WriteLine("Sorted by population in 2000:")
      For Each city In cities
         Console.WriteLine(city.ToString())
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    In unsorted order:
'    (Los Angeles, 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820)
'    (New York, 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278)
'    (Chicago, 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016)
'    
'    Sorted by population in 1970:
'    (New York, 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278)
'    (Chicago, 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016)
'    (Los Angeles, 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820)
'    
'    Sorted by population in 2000:
'    (New York, 7781984, 7894862, 7071639, 7322564, 8008278)
'    (Los Angeles, 2479015, 2816061, 2966850, 3485398, 3694820)
'    (Chicago, 3550904, 3366957, 3005072, 2783726, 2896016)

注解

方法 CompareTo 支持数组和元组对象的自定义结构比较和排序。方法 CompareTo 调用 comparer 对象的 IComparer.Compare 方法以比较单个数组元素或元组组件（从第一个元素或组件开始）。单个调用 end IComparer.Compare ，当以下条件之一变为 true 时， CompareTo 方法将返回一个值：

方法 IComparer.Compare 返回 -1。
方法 IComparer.Compare 返回 1。
为 IComparer.Compare 集合对象中的最后一个元素或组件调用方法。

适用于

另请参阅

IComparer

通过

IStructuralComparable.CompareTo(Object, IComparer) 方法

定义

参数

返回

例外

示例

注解

适用于

另请参阅

其他资源