Partilhar via


Passo a passo: Hospedar um controle composto WPF 3D no Windows Forms

Este passo a passo demonstra como você pode criar um controle composto WPF e hospedá-lo em controles e formulários do Windows Forms usando o controle ElementHost.

Nesta explicação passo a passo, você implementará um UserControl WPF que contém dois controles filho. O UserControl exibe um cone tridimensional (3D). Renderizar objetos 3D é muito mais fácil com o WPF do que com o Windows Forms. Portanto, faz sentido hospedar uma classe WPF UserControl para criar gráficos 3D no Windows Forms.

As tarefas ilustradas neste passo a passo incluem:

Pré-requisitos

Você precisa dos seguintes componentes para concluir este passo a passo:

  • Visual Studio 2017

Criar o UserControl

  1. Crie um projeto de biblioteca de controle de usuário WPF chamado HostingWpfUserControlInWf.

  2. Abra UserControl1.xaml no WPF Designer.

  3. Substitua o código gerado pelo seguinte código:

    <UserControl x:Class="HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        >
      
        <Grid>
    
          <!-- Place a Label control at the top of the view. -->
          <Label 
                    HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
                    TextBlock.TextAlignment="Center" 
                    FontSize="20" 
                    Foreground="Red" 
                    Content="Model: Cone"/>
    
          <!-- Viewport3D is the rendering surface. -->
          <Viewport3D Name="myViewport" >
    
            <!-- Add a camera. -->
            <Viewport3D.Camera>
              <PerspectiveCamera 
                            FarPlaneDistance="20" 
                            LookDirection="0,0,1" 
                            UpDirection="0,1,0" 
                            NearPlaneDistance="1" 
                            Position="0,0,-3" 
                            FieldOfView="45" />
            </Viewport3D.Camera>
    
            <!-- Add models. -->
            <Viewport3D.Children>
    
              <ModelVisual3D>
                <ModelVisual3D.Content>
    
                  <Model3DGroup >
                    <Model3DGroup.Children>
    
                      <!-- Lights, MeshGeometry3D and DiffuseMaterial objects are added to the ModelVisual3D. -->
                      <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFFFF" Direction="3,-4,5" />
    
                      <!-- Define a red cone. -->
                      <GeometryModel3D>
    
                        <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                          <MeshGeometry3D 
        Positions="0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 -0.5 -0.5  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 -0.5  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 -0.5  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 -0.5 0.5  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 0.5  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 0.5  0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  " 
        Normals="0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  "                   TriangleIndices="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 " />
                        </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
    
                        <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                          <DiffuseMaterial>
                            <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                              <SolidColorBrush 
                                Color="Red" 
                                Opacity="1.0"/>
                            </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                          </DiffuseMaterial>
                        </GeometryModel3D.Material>
    
                      </GeometryModel3D>
    
                    </Model3DGroup.Children>
                  </Model3DGroup>
    
                </ModelVisual3D.Content>
    
              </ModelVisual3D>
    
            </Viewport3D.Children>
    
          </Viewport3D>
        </Grid>
      
    </UserControl>
    

    Esse código define um System.Windows.Controls.UserControl que contém dois controles filho. O primeiro controle filho é um controle System.Windows.Controls.Label; o segundo é um controle Viewport3D que exibe um cone 3D.

Criar o projeto host

  1. Adicione um aplicativo Windows Forms (.NET Framework) projeto chamado WpfUserControlHost à solução.

  2. No Gerenciador de Soluções , adicione uma referência ao assembly WindowsFormsIntegration, chamado WindowsFormsIntegration.dll.

  3. Adicione referências aos seguintes assemblies WPF:

    • PresentationCore

    • PresentationFramework

    • WindowsBase

  4. Adicione uma referência ao projeto HostingWpfUserControlInWf.

  5. No Gerenciador de Soluções, defina o projeto WpfUserControlHost como o projeto de inicialização.

Hospede o UserControl (Controle de Utilizador)

  1. No designer de formulários do Windows, abra o Form1.

  2. Na janela Propriedades, clique em Eventose, em seguida, clique duas vezes no evento Load para criar um manipulador de eventos.

    O Editor de Códigos é aberto para o manipulador de eventos Form1_Load recém-gerado.

  3. Substitua o código no Form1.cs pelo código a seguir.

    O manipulador de eventos Form1_Load cria uma instância de UserControl1 e a adiciona à coleção de controles filho do controle ElementHost. O controle ElementHost é adicionado à coleção de controles filho do formulário.

    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    
    using System.Windows.Forms.Integration;
    
    namespace WpfUserControlHost
    {
        public partial class Form1 : Form
        {
            public Form1()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
            }
    
            private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                // Create the ElementHost control for hosting the
                // WPF UserControl.
                ElementHost host = new ElementHost();
                host.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
    
                // Create the WPF UserControl.
                HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1 uc =
                    new HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1();
    
                // Assign the WPF UserControl to the ElementHost control's
                // Child property.
                host.Child = uc;
    
                // Add the ElementHost control to the form's
                // collection of child controls.
                this.Controls.Add(host);
            }
        }
    }
    
    Imports System.Collections.Generic
    Imports System.ComponentModel
    Imports System.Data
    Imports System.Drawing
    Imports System.Text
    Imports System.Windows.Forms
    
    Imports System.Windows.Forms.Integration
    
    Public Class Form1
        Inherits Form
    
        Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
            ' Create the ElementHost control for hosting the
            ' WPF UserControl.
            Dim host As New ElementHost()
            host.Dock = DockStyle.Fill
    
            ' Create the WPF UserControl.
            Dim uc As New HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1()
    
            ' Assign the WPF UserControl to the ElementHost control's
            ' Child property.
            host.Child = uc
    
            ' Add the ElementHost control to the form's
            ' collection of child controls.
            Me.Controls.Add(host)
        End Sub
    
    End Class
    
  4. Pressione F5 para criar e executar o aplicativo.

Ver também