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4661(S, F): A handle to an object was requested.

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Event 4661 illustration

Subcategories: Audit Directory Service Access and Audit SAM

Event Description:

This event indicates that a handle was requested for either an Active Directory object or a Security Account Manager (SAM) object.

If access was declined, then Failure event is generated.

This event generates only if Success auditing is enabled for the Audit Handle Manipulation subcategory.

Note  For recommendations, see Security Monitoring Recommendations for this event.


Event XML:

- <Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
- <System>
 <Provider Name="Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing" Guid="{54849625-5478-4994-A5BA-3E3B0328C30D}" /> 
 <EventID>4661</EventID> 
 <Version>0</Version> 
 <Level>0</Level> 
 <Task>14080</Task> 
 <Opcode>0</Opcode> 
 <Keywords>0x8020000000000000</Keywords> 
 <TimeCreated SystemTime="2015-09-30T00:11:56.547696700Z" /> 
 <EventRecordID>1048009</EventRecordID> 
 <Correlation /> 
 <Execution ProcessID="520" ThreadID="528" /> 
 <Channel>Security</Channel> 
 <Computer>DC01.contoso.local</Computer> 
 <Security /> 
 </System>
- <EventData>
 <Data Name="SubjectUserSid">S-1-5-21-3457937927-2839227994-823803824-1104</Data> 
 <Data Name="SubjectUserName">dadmin</Data> 
 <Data Name="SubjectDomainName">CONTOSO</Data> 
 <Data Name="SubjectLogonId">0x4280e</Data> 
 <Data Name="ObjectServer">Security Account Manager</Data> 
 <Data Name="ObjectType">SAM\_DOMAIN</Data> 
 <Data Name="ObjectName">DC=contoso,DC=local</Data> 
 <Data Name="HandleId">0xdd64d36870</Data> 
 <Data Name="TransactionId">{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}</Data> 
 <Data Name="AccessList">%%5400</Data> 
 <Data Name="AccessMask">0x2d</Data> 
 <Data Name="PrivilegeList">Ā</Data> 
 <Data Name="Properties">-</Data> 
 <Data Name="RestrictedSidCount">2949165</Data> 
 <Data Name="ProcessId">0x9000a000d002d</Data> 
 <Data Name="ProcessName">{bf967a90-0de6-11d0-a285-00aa003049e2} %%5400 {ccc2dc7d-a6ad-4a7a-8846-c04e3cc53501}</Data> 
 </EventData>
 </Event>

Required Server Roles: For an Active Directory object, the domain controller role is required. For a SAM object, there is no required role.

Minimum OS Version: Windows Server 2008, Windows Vista.

Event Versions: 0.

Field Descriptions:

Subject:

  • Security ID [Type = SID]: SID of account that requested a handle to an object. Event Viewer automatically tries to resolve SIDs and show the account name. If the SID cannot be resolved, you will see the source data in the event.

Note  A security identifier (SID) is a unique value of variable length used to identify a trustee (security principal). Each account has a unique SID that is issued by an authority, such as an Active Directory domain controller, and stored in a security database. Each time a user logs on, the system retrieves the SID for that user from the database and places it in the access token for that user. The system uses the SID in the access token to identify the user in all subsequent interactions with Windows security. When a SID has been used as the unique identifier for a user or group, it cannot ever be used again to identify another user or group. For more information about SIDs, see Security identifiers.

  • Account Name [Type = UnicodeString]: the name of the account that requested a handle to an object.

  • Account Domain [Type = UnicodeString]: subject’s domain or computer name. Formats vary, and include the following:

    • Domain NETBIOS name example: CONTOSO

    • Lowercase full domain name: contoso.local

    • Uppercase full domain name: CONTOSO.LOCAL

    • For some well-known security principals, such as LOCAL SERVICE or ANONYMOUS LOGON, the value of this field is “NT AUTHORITY”.

    • For local user accounts, this field will contain the name of the computer or device that this account belongs to, for example: “Win81”.

  • Logon ID [Type = HexInt64]: hexadecimal value that can help you correlate this event with recent events that might contain the same Logon ID, for example, “4624: An account was successfully logged on.”

Object:

  • Object Server [Type = UnicodeString]: has “Security Account Manager” value for this event.

  • Object Type [Type = UnicodeString]: the type or class of the object that was accessed. The following list contains possible values for this field:

    • SAM_ALIAS - a local group.

    • SAM_GROUP - a group that is not a local group.

    • SAM_USER - a user account.

    • SAM_DOMAIN - a domain. For Active Directory events, this is the typical value.

    • SAM_SERVER - a computer account.

  • Object Name [Type = UnicodeString]: the name of an object for which access was requested. Depends on Object Type. This event can have the following format:

    • SAM_ALIAS – SID of the group.

    • SAM_GROUP - SID of the group.

    • SAM_USER - SID of the account.

    • SAM_DOMAIN – distinguished name of the accessed object.

    • SAM_SERVER - distinguished name of the accessed object.

Note  The LDAP API references an LDAP object by its distinguished name (DN). A DN is a sequence of relative distinguished names (RDN) connected by commas.

An RDN is an attribute with an associated value in the form attribute=value; . These are examples of RDNs attributes:

• DC - domainComponent

• CN - commonName

• OU - organizationalUnitName

• O - organizationName

  • Handle ID [Type = Pointer]: hexadecimal value of a handle to Object Name. This field can help you correlate this event with other events that might contain the same Handle ID, for example, “4662: An operation was performed on an object.” This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “0x0”.

Process Information:

  • Process ID [Type = Pointer]: hexadecimal Process ID of the process that requested the handle. Process ID (PID) is a number used by the operating system to uniquely identify an active process. To see the PID for a specific process you can, for example, use Task Manager (Details tab, PID column):

    Task manager illustration

    If you convert the hexadecimal value to decimal, you can compare it to the values in Task Manager.

  • Process Name [Type = UnicodeString]: full path and the name of the executable for the process.

Access Request Information:

  • Transaction ID [Type = GUID]: unique GUID of the transaction. This field can help you correlate this event with other events that might contain the same Transaction ID, such as “4660(S): An object was deleted.”

    This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}”.

Note  GUID is an acronym for 'Globally Unique Identifier'. It is a 128-bit integer number used to identify resources, activities or instances.

  • Accesses [Type = UnicodeString]: the list of access rights which were requested by Subject\Security ID. These access rights depend on Object Type. For more information about file access rights, see Table of file access codes. For information about SAM object access right use https://technet.microsoft.com/ or other informational resources.

  • Access Mask [Type = HexInt32]: hexadecimal mask for the operation that was requested or performed. For more information about file access rights, see Table of file access codes. For information about SAM object access right use https://technet.microsoft.com/ or other informational resources.

  • Privileges Used for Access Check [Type = UnicodeString]: the list of user privileges which were used during the operation, for example, SeBackupPrivilege. This parameter might not be captured in the event, and in that case appears as “-”. See full list of user privileges in the table below:

Privilege Name User Right Group Policy Name Description
SeAssignPrimaryTokenPrivilege Replace a process-level token Required to assign the primary token of a process.
With this privilege, the user can initiate a process to replace the default token associated with a started subprocess.
SeAuditPrivilege Generate security audits With this privilege, the user can add entries to the security log.
SeBackupPrivilege Back up files and directories - Required to perform backup operations.
With this privilege, the user can bypass file and directory, registry, and other persistent object permissions for the purposes of backing up the system.
This privilege causes the system to grant all read access control to any file, regardless of the access control list (ACL) specified for the file. Any access request other than read is still evaluated with the ACL. The following access rights are granted if this privilege is held:
READ_CONTROL
ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY
FILE_GENERIC_READ
FILE_TRAVERSE
SeChangeNotifyPrivilege Bypass traverse checking Required to receive notifications of changes to files or directories. This privilege also causes the system to skip all traversal access checks.
With this privilege, the user can traverse directory trees even though the user may not have permissions on the traversed directory. This privilege does not allow the user to list the contents of a directory, only to traverse directories.
SeCreateGlobalPrivilege Create global objects Required to create named file mapping objects in the global namespace during Terminal Services sessions.
SeCreatePagefilePrivilege Create a pagefile With this privilege, the user can create and change the size of a pagefile.
SeCreatePermanentPrivilege Create permanent shared objects Required to create a permanent object.
This privilege is useful to kernel-mode components that extend the object namespace. Components that are running in kernel mode already have this privilege inherently; it is not necessary to assign them the privilege.
SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege Create symbolic links Required to create a symbolic link.
SeCreateTokenPrivilege Create a token object Allows a process to create a token which it can then use to get access to any local resources when the process uses NtCreateToken() or other token-creation APIs.
When a process requires this privilege, we recommend using the LocalSystem account (which already includes the privilege), rather than creating a separate user account and assigning this privilege to it.
SeDebugPrivilege Debug programs Required to debug and adjust the memory of a process owned by another account.
With this privilege, the user can attach a debugger to any process or to the kernel. Developers who are debugging their own applications do not need this user right. Developers who are debugging new system components need this user right. This user right provides complete access to sensitive and critical operating system components.
SeEnableDelegationPrivilege Enable computer and user accounts to be trusted for delegation Required to mark user and computer accounts as trusted for delegation.
With this privilege, the user can set the Trusted for Delegation setting on a user or computer object.
The user or object that is granted this privilege must have write access to the account control flags on the user or computer object. A server process running on a computer (or under a user context) that is trusted for delegation can access resources on another computer using the delegated credentials of a client, as long as the account of the client does not have the Account cannot be delegated account control flag set.
SeImpersonatePrivilege Impersonate a client after authentication With this privilege, the user can impersonate other accounts.
SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege Increase scheduling priority Required to increase the base priority of a process.
With this privilege, the user can use a process with Write property access to another process to increase the execution priority assigned to the other process. A user with this privilege can change the scheduling priority of a process through the Task Manager user interface.
SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege Adjust memory quotas for a process Required to increase the quota assigned to a process.
With this privilege, the user can change the maximum memory that can be consumed by a process.
SeIncreaseWorkingSetPrivilege Increase a process working set Required to allocate more memory for applications that run in the context of users.
SeLoadDriverPrivilege Load and unload device drivers Required to load or unload a device driver.
With this privilege, the user can dynamically load and unload device drivers or other code in to kernel mode. This user right does not apply to Plug and Play device drivers.
SeLockMemoryPrivilege Lock pages in memory Required to lock physical pages in memory.
With this privilege, the user can use a process to keep data in physical memory, which prevents the system from paging the data to virtual memory on disk. Exercising this privilege could significantly affect system performance by decreasing the amount of available random access memory (RAM).
SeMachineAccountPrivilege Add workstations to domain With this privilege, the user can create a computer account.
This privilege is valid only on domain controllers.
SeManageVolumePrivilege Perform volume maintenance tasks Required to run maintenance tasks on a volume, such as remote defragmentation.
SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege Profile single process Required to gather profiling information for a single process.
With this privilege, the user can use performance monitoring tools to monitor the performance of non-system processes.
SeRelabelPrivilege Modify an object label Required to modify the mandatory integrity level of an object.
SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege Force shutdown from a remote system Required to shut down a system using a network request.
SeRestorePrivilege Restore files and directories Required to perform restore operations. This privilege causes the system to grant all write access control to any file, regardless of the ACL specified for the file. Any access request other than write is still evaluated with the ACL. Additionally, this privilege enables you to set any valid user or group SID as the owner of a file. The following access rights are granted if this privilege is held:
WRITE_DAC
WRITE_OWNER
ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY
FILE_GENERIC_WRITE
FILE_ADD_FILE
FILE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY
DELETE
With this privilege, the user can bypass file, directory, registry, and other persistent objects permissions when restoring backed up files and directories and determines which users can set any valid security principal as the owner of an object.
SeSecurityPrivilege Manage auditing and security log Required to perform a number of security-related functions, such as controlling and viewing audit events in security event log.
With this privilege, the user can specify object access auditing options for individual resources, such as files, Active Directory objects, and registry keys.
A user with this privilege can also view and clear the security log.
SeShutdownPrivilege Shut down the system Required to shut down a local system.
SeSyncAgentPrivilege Synchronize directory service data This privilege enables the holder to read all objects and properties in the directory, regardless of the protection on the objects and properties. By default, it is assigned to the Administrator and LocalSystem accounts on domain controllers.
With this privilege, the user can synchronize all directory service data. This is also known as Active Directory synchronization.
SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege Modify firmware environment values Required to modify the nonvolatile RAM of systems that use this type of memory to store configuration information.
SeSystemProfilePrivilege Profile system performance Required to gather profiling information for the entire system.
With this privilege, the user can use performance monitoring tools to monitor the performance of system processes.
SeSystemtimePrivilege Change the system time Required to modify the system time.
With this privilege, the user can change the time and date on the internal clock of the computer. Users that are assigned this user right can affect the appearance of event logs. If the system time is changed, events that are logged will reflect this new time, not the actual time that the events occurred.
SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege Take ownership of files or other objects Required to take ownership of an object without being granted discretionary access. This privilege allows the owner value to be set only to those values that the holder may legitimately assign as the owner of an object.
With this privilege, the user can take ownership of any securable object in the system, including Active Directory objects, files and folders, printers, registry keys, processes, and threads.
SeTcbPrivilege Act as part of the operating system This privilege identifies its holder as part of the trusted computer base.
This user right allows a process to impersonate any user without authentication. The process can therefore gain access to the same local resources as that user.
SeTimeZonePrivilege Change the time zone Required to adjust the time zone associated with the computer's internal clock.
SeTrustedCredManAccessPrivilege Access Credential Manager as a trusted caller Required to access Credential Manager as a trusted caller.
SeUndockPrivilege Remove computer from docking station Required to undock a laptop.
With this privilege, the user can undock a portable computer from its docking station without logging on.
SeUnsolicitedInputPrivilege Not applicable Required to read unsolicited input from a terminal device.

  • Properties [Type = UnicodeString]: depends on Object Type. This field can be empty or contain the list of the object properties that were accessed. See more detailed information in “4661: A handle to an object was requested” from Audit SAM subcategory.

  • Restricted SID Count [Type = UInt32]: Number of restricted SIDs in the token. Applicable to only specific Object Types.

Security Monitoring Recommendations

For 4661(S, F): A handle to an object was requested.

Important  For this event, also see Appendix A: Security monitoring recommendations for many audit events.

  • You can get almost the same information from “4662: An operation was performed on an object.” There are no additional recommendations for this event in this document.