IDataSource Interfaccia
Definizione
Importante
Alcune informazioni sono relative alla release non definitiva del prodotto, che potrebbe subire modifiche significative prima della release definitiva. Microsoft non riconosce alcuna garanzia, espressa o implicita, in merito alle informazioni qui fornite.
Rappresenta un'origine dati astratta alla quale stabiliscono un'associazione i controlli con associazione a dati.
public interface class IDataSourcepublic interface IDataSourcetype IDataSource = interfacePublic Interface IDataSource- Derivato
Esempio
Nell'esempio di codice seguente viene illustrato come una classe può implementare i metodi definiti dall'interfaccia IDataSource per fornire dati ai controlli associati ai dati. Il controllo origine dati in questo esempio funge da origine dati in un file di valori delimitato da virgole e può essere usato da qualsiasi controllo associato a dati per visualizzare i dati dei file delimitati da virgole. Questo esempio di codice fa parte di un esempio più grande fornito per la DataSourceControl classe.
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Data;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Permissions;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
// The CsvDataSource is a data source control that retrieves its
// data from a comma-separated value file.
[AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Level=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)]
public class CsvDataSource : DataSourceControl
{
public CsvDataSource() : base() {}
// The comma-separated value file to retrieve data from.
public string FileName {
get {
return ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).SourceFile;
}
set {
// Only set if it is different.
if ( ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).SourceFile != value) {
((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).SourceFile = value;
RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty);
}
}
}
// Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
// not include column names.
public bool IncludesColumnNames {
get {
return ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).IncludesColumnNames;
}
set {
// Only set if it is different.
if ( ((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).IncludesColumnNames != value) {
((CsvDataSourceView)this.GetView(String.Empty)).IncludesColumnNames = value;
RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty);
}
}
}
// Return a strongly typed view for the current data source control.
private CsvDataSourceView view = null;
protected override DataSourceView GetView(string viewName) {
if (null == view) {
view = new CsvDataSourceView(this, String.Empty);
}
return view;
}
// The ListSourceHelper class calls GetList, which
// calls the DataSourceControl.GetViewNames method.
// Override the original implementation to return
// a collection of one element, the default view name.
protected override ICollection GetViewNames() {
ArrayList al = new ArrayList(1);
al.Add(CsvDataSourceView.DefaultViewName);
return al as ICollection;
}
}
// The CsvDataSourceView class encapsulates the
// capabilities of the CsvDataSource data source control.
public class CsvDataSourceView : DataSourceView
{
public CsvDataSourceView(IDataSource owner, string name) :base(owner, DefaultViewName) {
}
// The data source view is named. However, the CsvDataSource
// only supports one view, so the name is ignored, and the
// default name used instead.
public static string DefaultViewName = "CommaSeparatedView";
// The location of the .csv file.
private string sourceFile = String.Empty;
internal string SourceFile {
get {
return sourceFile;
}
set {
// Use MapPath when the SourceFile is set, so that files local to the
// current directory can be easily used.
string mappedFileName = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(value);
sourceFile = mappedFileName;
}
}
// Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
// not include column names.
private bool columns = false;
internal bool IncludesColumnNames {
get {
return columns;
}
set {
columns = value;
}
}
// Get data from the underlying data source.
// Build and return a DataView, regardless of mode.
protected override IEnumerable ExecuteSelect(DataSourceSelectArguments selectArgs) {
IEnumerable dataList = null;
// Open the .csv file.
if (File.Exists(this.SourceFile)) {
DataTable data = new DataTable();
// Open the file to read from.
using (StreamReader sr = File.OpenText(this.SourceFile)) {
// Parse the line
string s = "";
string[] dataValues;
DataColumn col;
// Do the following to add schema.
dataValues = sr.ReadLine().Split(',');
// For each token in the comma-delimited string, add a column
// to the DataTable schema.
foreach (string token in dataValues) {
col = new DataColumn(token,typeof(string));
data.Columns.Add(col);
}
// Do not add the first row as data if the CSV file includes column names.
if (!IncludesColumnNames)
data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()));
// Do the following to add data.
while ((s = sr.ReadLine()) != null) {
dataValues = s.Split(',');
data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()));
}
}
data.AcceptChanges();
DataView dataView = new DataView(data);
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(selectArgs.SortExpression)) {
dataView.Sort = selectArgs.SortExpression;
}
dataList = dataView;
}
else {
throw new System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException("File not found, " + this.SourceFile);
}
if (null == dataList) {
throw new InvalidOperationException("No data loaded from data source.");
}
return dataList;
}
private DataRow CopyRowData(string[] source, DataRow target) {
try {
for (int i = 0;i < source.Length;i++) {
target[i] = source[i];
}
}
catch (System.IndexOutOfRangeException) {
// There are more columns in this row than
// the original schema allows. Stop copying
// and return the DataRow.
return target;
}
return target;
}
// The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
// permit deletion. You can modify or extend
// this sample to do so.
public override bool CanDelete {
get {
return false;
}
}
protected override int ExecuteDelete(IDictionary keys, IDictionary values)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
// The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
// permit insertion of a new record. You can
// modify or extend this sample to do so.
public override bool CanInsert {
get {
return false;
}
}
protected override int ExecuteInsert(IDictionary values)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
// The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
// permit update operations. You can modify or
// extend this sample to do so.
public override bool CanUpdate {
get {
return false;
}
}
protected override int ExecuteUpdate(IDictionary keys, IDictionary values, IDictionary oldValues)
{
throw new NotSupportedException();
}
}
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Data
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Security.Permissions
Imports System.Web
Imports System.Web.UI
Imports System.Web.UI.WebControls
Namespace Samples.AspNet.VB.Controls
' The CsvDataSource is a data source control that retrieves its
' data from a comma-separated value file.
<AspNetHostingPermission(SecurityAction.Demand, Level:=AspNetHostingPermissionLevel.Minimal)> _
Public Class CsvDataSource
Inherits DataSourceControl
Public Sub New()
End Sub
' The comma-separated value file to retrieve data from.
Public Property FileName() As String
Get
Return CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).SourceFile
End Get
Set
' Only set if it is different.
If CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).SourceFile <> value Then
CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).SourceFile = value
RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty)
End If
End Set
End Property
' Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
' not include column names.
Public Property IncludesColumnNames() As Boolean
Get
Return CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).IncludesColumnNames
End Get
Set
' Only set if it is different.
If CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).IncludesColumnNames <> value Then
CType(Me.GetView([String].Empty), CsvDataSourceView).IncludesColumnNames = value
RaiseDataSourceChangedEvent(EventArgs.Empty)
End If
End Set
End Property
' Return a strongly typed view for the current data source control.
Private view As CsvDataSourceView = Nothing
Protected Overrides Function GetView(viewName As String) As DataSourceView
If view Is Nothing Then
view = New CsvDataSourceView(Me, String.Empty)
End If
Return view
End Function 'GetView
' The ListSourceHelper class calls GetList, which
' calls the DataSourceControl.GetViewNames method.
' Override the original implementation to return
' a collection of one element, the default view name.
Protected Overrides Function GetViewNames() As ICollection
Dim al As New ArrayList(1)
al.Add(CsvDataSourceView.DefaultViewName)
Return CType(al, ICollection)
End Function 'GetViewNames
End Class
' The CsvDataSourceView class encapsulates the
' capabilities of the CsvDataSource data source control.
Public Class CsvDataSourceView
Inherits DataSourceView
Public Sub New(owner As IDataSource, name As String)
MyBase.New(owner, DefaultViewName)
End Sub
' The data source view is named. However, the CsvDataSource
' only supports one view, so the name is ignored, and the
' default name used instead.
Public Shared DefaultViewName As String = "CommaSeparatedView"
' The location of the .csv file.
Private aSourceFile As String = [String].Empty
Friend Property SourceFile() As String
Get
Return aSourceFile
End Get
Set
' Use MapPath when the SourceFile is set, so that files local to the
' current directory can be easily used.
Dim mappedFileName As String
mappedFileName = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(value)
aSourceFile = mappedFileName
End Set
End Property
' Do not add the column names as a data row. Infer columns if the CSV file does
' not include column names.
Private columns As Boolean = False
Friend Property IncludesColumnNames() As Boolean
Get
Return columns
End Get
Set
columns = value
End Set
End Property
' Get data from the underlying data source.
' Build and return a DataView, regardless of mode.
Protected Overrides Function ExecuteSelect(selectArgs As DataSourceSelectArguments) _
As System.Collections.IEnumerable
Dim dataList As IEnumerable = Nothing
' Open the .csv file.
If File.Exists(Me.SourceFile) Then
Dim data As New DataTable()
' Open the file to read from.
Dim sr As StreamReader = File.OpenText(Me.SourceFile)
Try
' Parse the line
Dim dataValues() As String
Dim col As DataColumn
' Do the following to add schema.
dataValues = sr.ReadLine().Split(","c)
' For each token in the comma-delimited string, add a column
' to the DataTable schema.
Dim token As String
For Each token In dataValues
col = New DataColumn(token, System.Type.GetType("System.String"))
data.Columns.Add(col)
Next token
' Do not add the first row as data if the CSV file includes column names.
If Not IncludesColumnNames Then
data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()))
End If
' Do the following to add data.
Dim s As String
Do
s = sr.ReadLine()
If Not s Is Nothing Then
dataValues = s.Split(","c)
data.Rows.Add(CopyRowData(dataValues, data.NewRow()))
End If
Loop Until s Is Nothing
Finally
sr.Close()
End Try
data.AcceptChanges()
Dim dataView As New DataView(data)
If Not selectArgs.SortExpression Is String.Empty Then
dataView.Sort = selectArgs.SortExpression
End If
dataList = dataView
Else
Throw New System.Configuration.ConfigurationErrorsException("File not found, " + Me.SourceFile)
End If
If dataList is Nothing Then
Throw New InvalidOperationException("No data loaded from data source.")
End If
Return dataList
End Function 'ExecuteSelect
Private Function CopyRowData([source]() As String, target As DataRow) As DataRow
Try
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To [source].Length - 1
target(i) = [source](i)
Next i
Catch iore As IndexOutOfRangeException
' There are more columns in this row than
' the original schema allows. Stop copying
' and return the DataRow.
Return target
End Try
Return target
End Function 'CopyRowData
' The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
' permit deletion. You can modify or extend
' this sample to do so.
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CanDelete() As Boolean
Get
Return False
End Get
End Property
Protected Overrides Function ExecuteDelete(keys As IDictionary, values As IDictionary) As Integer
Throw New NotSupportedException()
End Function 'ExecuteDelete
' The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
' permit insertion of a new record. You can
' modify or extend this sample to do so.
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CanInsert() As Boolean
Get
Return False
End Get
End Property
Protected Overrides Function ExecuteInsert(values As IDictionary) As Integer
Throw New NotSupportedException()
End Function 'ExecuteInsert
' The CsvDataSourceView does not currently
' permit update operations. You can modify or
' extend this sample to do so.
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property CanUpdate() As Boolean
Get
Return False
End Get
End Property
Protected Overrides Function ExecuteUpdate(keys As IDictionary, _
values As IDictionary, _
oldValues As IDictionary) As Integer
Throw New NotSupportedException()
End Function 'ExecuteUpdate
End Class
End Namespace
Commenti
ASP.NET supporta un'architettura di data binding di controllo che consente ai controlli server Web di associare ai dati in modo coerente. I controlli server Web associati ai dati vengono definiti controlli associati ai dati e le classi che facilitano l'associazione vengono denominati controlli origine dati. I controlli origine dati possono rappresentare qualsiasi origine dati: un database relazionale, un file, un flusso, un oggetto business e così via. I controlli origine dati presentano dati in modo coerente ai controlli associati ai dati, indipendentemente dall'origine o dal formato dei dati sottostanti.
L'interfaccia viene implementata quando si vuole implementare il proprio controllo dell'origine IDataSource dati personalizzato ASP.NET.
Qualsiasi classe che implementa l'interfaccia IDataSource è un controllo origine dati. L'interfaccia IDataSource funge da base per tutti i controlli dell'origine dati ASP.NET e definisce uno dei concetti fondamentali dell'architettura dell'associazione dati con i due metodi: il metodo e il GetViewGetViewNames metodo. Questo concetto è che tutti i controlli origine dati supportano una o più visualizzazioni denominate sui dati. L'oggetto vista origine dati è simile all'astrazione DataViewSystem.Data nello spazio dei nomi: una visualizzazione dati associabile, personalizzata dei dati per l'ordinamento, il filtro e altre operazioni di dati definite dalla vista. Al suo centro, un controllo origine dati non esegue più di recuperare le visualizzazioni sui dati.
Un controllo origine dati può avere uno o più oggetti di visualizzazione origine dati associati. Alcuni controlli origine dati, inclusi quelli che rappresentano database relazionali come SqlDataSource e , AccessDataSourcesupportano una sola visualizzazione. Altri controlli origine dati, inclusi i controlli origine dati gerarchici, SiteMapDataSourcead esempio , supportano molte visualizzazioni. La vista origine dati definisce le funzionalità di un'origine dati e le operazioni supportate.
In riepilogo, i controlli origine dati implementano l'interfaccia, supportano una o più viste denominate sui dati che rappresentano e supportano sempre il IDataSource recupero dei dati dall'origine dati che rappresentano. I controlli origine dati recuperano sempre dati su richiesta, ad esempio quando DataBind viene chiamato su un controllo associato a dati.
Metodi
| GetView(String) |
Ottiene la visualizzazione origine dati denominata associata al controllo origine dati. |
| GetViewNames() |
Ottiene un insieme di nomi che rappresentano l'elenco di oggetti visualizzazione associati all'interfaccia IDataSource. |
Eventi
| DataSourceChanged |
Si verifica quando un controllo origine dati ha subito una qualsiasi modifica che influisce su controlli con associazione a dati. |
Metodi di estensione
| GetDefaultValues(IDataSource) |
Ottiene l'insieme di valori predefiniti per l'origine dati specificata. |
| GetMetaTable(IDataSource) |
Ottiene i metadati per una tabella nell'oggetto origine dati specificato. |
| TryGetMetaTable(IDataSource, MetaTable) |
Determina se sono disponibili i metadati della tabella. |
