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GC.SuppressFinalize(Object) Metodo

  • Riferimento

Definizione

Spazio dei nomi:
System
Assembly:
System.Runtime.dll
Assembly:
mscorlib.dll
Assembly:
netstandard.dll
Origine:
GC.CoreCLR.cs
Origine:
GC.CoreCLR.cs
Origine:
GC.CoreCLR.cs

Richiede che Common Language Runtime non chiami il finalizzatore per l'oggetto specificato.

public:
 static void SuppressFinalize(System::Object ^ obj);
public static void SuppressFinalize (object obj);
static member SuppressFinalize : obj -> unit
Public Shared Sub SuppressFinalize (obj As Object)

Parametri

obj
Object

Oggetto di cui non è necessario eseguire il finalizzatore.

Eccezioni

ArgumentNullException

obj è null.

Esempio

Nell'esempio riportato di seguito viene illustrato come utilizzare il metodo SuppressFinalize in una classe di risorse per impedire la chiamata ridondante di una Garbage Collection. Nell'esempio viene usato il modello dispose per liberare sia le risorse gestite (ovvero gli oggetti che implementano IDisposable) che le risorse non gestite.

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

public class ConsoleMonitor : IDisposable
{
   const int STD_INPUT_HANDLE = -10;
   const int STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11;
   const int STD_ERROR_HANDLE = -12;

   [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
   static extern IntPtr GetStdHandle(int nStdHandle);

   [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
   static extern bool WriteConsole(IntPtr hConsoleOutput, string lpBuffer,
          uint nNumberOfCharsToWrite, out uint lpNumberOfCharsWritten,
          IntPtr lpReserved);

   [DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
   static extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr handle);

   private bool disposed = false;
   private IntPtr handle;
   private Component component;

   public ConsoleMonitor()
   {
      handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
      if (handle == IntPtr.Zero)
         throw new InvalidOperationException("A console handle is not available.");

      component = new Component();

      string output = "The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.\n";
      uint written = 0;
      WriteConsole(handle, output, (uint) output.Length, out written, IntPtr.Zero);
   }

   // The finalizer represents Object.Finalize override.
   ~ConsoleMonitor()
   {
      if (handle != IntPtr.Zero) {
         string output = "The ConsoleMonitor finalizer.\n";
         uint written = 0;
         WriteConsole(handle, output, (uint) output.Length, out written, IntPtr.Zero);
      }
      else {
         Console.Error.WriteLine("Object finalization.");
      }
      Dispose(disposing: false);
   }

   public void Write()
   {
      string output = "The Write method.\n";
      uint written = 0;
      WriteConsole(handle, output, (uint) output.Length, out written, IntPtr.Zero);
   }

   public void Dispose()
   {
      string output = "The Dispose method.\n";
      uint written = 0;
      WriteConsole(handle, output, (uint) output.Length, out written, IntPtr.Zero);

      Dispose(disposing: true);
      GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
   }

   private void Dispose(bool disposing)
   {
      string output = String.Format("The Dispose({0}) method.\n", disposing);
      uint written = 0;
      WriteConsole(handle, output, (uint) output.Length, out written, IntPtr.Zero);

      // Execute if resources have not already been disposed.
      if (!disposed) {
         // If the call is from Dispose, free managed resources.
         if (disposing) {
            Console.Error.WriteLine("Disposing of managed resources.");
            if (component != null)
               component.Dispose();
         }
         // Free unmanaged resources.
         output = "Disposing of unmanaged resources.";
         WriteConsole(handle, output, (uint) output.Length, out written, IntPtr.Zero);

         if (handle != IntPtr.Zero) {
            if (!CloseHandle(handle))
               Console.Error.WriteLine("Handle cannot be closed.");
         }
      }
      disposed = true;
   }
}

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      Console.WriteLine("ConsoleMonitor instance....");
      ConsoleMonitor monitor = new ConsoleMonitor();
      monitor.Write();
      monitor.Dispose();
   }
}
// If the monitor.Dispose method is not called, the example displays the following output:
//       ConsoleMonitor instance....
//       The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.
//       The Write method.
//       The ConsoleMonitor finalizer.
//       The Dispose(False) method.
//       Disposing of unmanaged resources.
//
// If the monitor.Dispose method is called, the example displays the following output:
//       ConsoleMonitor instance....
//       The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.
//       The Write method.
//       The Dispose method.
//       The Dispose(True) method.
//       Disposing of managed resources.
//       Disposing of unmanaged resources.

open System
open System.ComponentModel
open System.Runtime.InteropServices

[<DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)>]
extern IntPtr GetStdHandle(int nStdHandle)

[<DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)>]
extern bool WriteConsole(IntPtr hConsoleOutput, string lpBuffer, uint nNumberOfCharsToWrite, uint& lpNumberOfCharsWritten, IntPtr lpReserved)

[<DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError = true)>]
extern bool CloseHandle(IntPtr handle)

type ConsoleMonitor() =
    let STD_INPUT_HANDLE = -10
    let STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE = -11
    let STD_ERROR_HANDLE = -12

    let handle =
        let h = GetStdHandle STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE
        if h = IntPtr.Zero then
            raise (InvalidOperationException "A console handle is not available.")
        else
            h

    let comp = new Component()
    let output = "The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.\n"
    let mutable disposed = false
    let mutable written = 0u
    do
        WriteConsole(handle, output, uint output.Length, &written, IntPtr.Zero)
        |> ignore

    // The finalizer represents Object.Finalize override.
    override this.Finalize() =
        if handle <> IntPtr.Zero then
            let output = "The ConsoleMonitor finalizer.\n"
            let mutable written = 0u
            WriteConsole(handle, output, uint output.Length, &written, IntPtr.Zero)
            |> ignore
        else
            eprintfn "Object finalization."
        this.Dispose false

    member _.Write() =
        let output = "The Write method.\n"
        let mutable written = 0u

        WriteConsole(handle, output, uint output.Length, &written, IntPtr.Zero)
        |> ignore

    member _.Dispose(disposing: bool) =
        let output = $"The Dispose({disposing}) method.\n"
        let mutable written = 0u

        WriteConsole(handle, output, uint output.Length, &written, IntPtr.Zero)
        |> ignore

        // Execute if resources have not already been disposed.
        if not disposed then
            // If the call is from Dispose, free managed resources.
            if disposing then
                eprintfn "Disposing of managed resources."
                if comp <> null then comp.Dispose()
            // Free unmanaged resources.
            let output = "Disposing of unmanaged resources."

            WriteConsole(handle, output, uint output.Length, &written, IntPtr.Zero)
            |> ignore

            if handle <> IntPtr.Zero then
                if not (CloseHandle handle) then
                    eprintfn "Handle cannot be closed."

        disposed <- true

    member this.Dispose() =
        let output = "The Dispose method.\n"
        let mutable written = 0u

        WriteConsole(handle, output, uint output.Length, &written, IntPtr.Zero)
        |> ignore

        this.Dispose true
        GC.SuppressFinalize this

    interface IDisposable with
        member this.Dispose() = this.Dispose()

printfn "ConsoleMonitor instance...."
let monitor = new ConsoleMonitor()
monitor.Write()
monitor.Dispose()

// If the monitor.Dispose method is not called, the example displays the following output:
//       ConsoleMonitor instance....
//       The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.
//       The Write method.
//       The ConsoleMonitor finalizer.
//       The Dispose(False) method.
//       Disposing of unmanaged resources.
//
// If the monitor.Dispose method is called, the example displays the following output:
//       ConsoleMonitor instance....
//       The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.
//       The Write method.
//       The Dispose method.
//       The Dispose(True) method.
//       Disposing of managed resources.
//       Disposing of unmanaged resources.

Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices

Public Class ConsoleMonitor
   Private Const STD_INPUT_HANDLE As Integer = -10
   Private Const STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE As Integer = -11
   Private Const STD_ERROR_HANDLE As Integer = -12

   Private Declare Function GetStdHandle Lib "kernel32" _
                            (nStdHandle As Integer) As IntPtr

   Private Declare Function WriteConsole Lib "kernel32" _
                            Alias "WriteConsoleA" _
                            (hConsoleOutput As IntPtr, lpBuffer As String,
                            nNumberOfCharsToWrite As UInteger,
                            ByRef lpNumberOfCharsWritten As UInteger,
                            lpReserved As IntPtr) As Boolean

   Private Declare Function CloseHandle Lib "kernel32" _
                           (handle As IntPtr) As Boolean

   Private disposed As Boolean = False
   Private handle As IntPtr
   Private component As Component

   Public Sub New()
      handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE)
      If handle = IntPtr.Zero Then
         Throw New InvalidOperationException("A console handle is not available.")
      End If

      component = new Component()

      Dim output As String = "The ConsoleMonitor class constructor." + vbCrLf
      Dim written As UInteger = 0
      WriteConsole(handle, output, CUInt(output.Length), written, IntPtr.Zero)
   End Sub

   Protected Overrides Sub Finalize()
      If handle <> IntPtr.Zero Then
         Dim output As String = "The ConsoleMonitor finalizer." + vbCrLf
         Dim written As UInteger = 0
         WriteConsole(handle, output, CUInt(output.Length), written, IntPtr.Zero)
      Else
         Console.Error.WriteLine("Object finalization.")
      End If
      Dispose(disposing:=False)
   End Sub

   Public Sub Write()
      Dim output As String = "The Write method." + vbCrLf
      Dim written As UInteger = 0
      WriteConsole(handle, output, CUInt(output.Length), written, IntPtr.Zero)
   End Sub

   Public Sub Dispose()
      Dim output As String =  "The Dispose method." + vbCrLf
      Dim written As UInteger = 0
      WriteConsole(handle, output, CUInt(output.Length), written, IntPtr.Zero)

      Dispose(disposing:=True)
      GC.SuppressFinalize(Me)
   End Sub

   Private Sub Dispose(disposing As Boolean)
      Dim output As String =  String.Format("The Dispose({0}) method.{1}",
                                            disposing, vbCrLf)
      Dim written As UInteger = 0
      WriteConsole(handle, output, CUInt(output.Length), written, IntPtr.Zero)

      ' Execute if resources have not already been disposed.
      If Not disposed Then
         ' If the call is from Dispose, free managed resources.
         If disposing Then
            Console.Error.WriteLine("Disposing of managed resources.")
            If component IsNot Nothing Then component.Dispose()
         End If
         ' Free unmanaged resources.
         output = "Disposing of unmanaged resources."
         WriteConsole(handle, output, CUInt(output.Length), written, IntPtr.Zero)

         If handle <> IntPtr.Zero Then
            If Not CloseHandle(handle) Then
               Console.Error.WriteLine("Handle cannot be closed.")
            End If
         End If
      End If
      disposed = True
   End Sub
End Class

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Console.WriteLine("ConsoleMonitor instance....")
      Dim monitor As New ConsoleMonitor
      monitor.Write()
      monitor.Dispose()
   End Sub
End Module
' If the monitor.Dispose method is not called, the example displays the following output:
'       ConsoleMonitor instance....
'       The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.
'       The Write method.
'       The ConsoleMonitor finalizer.
'       The Dispose(False) method.
'       Disposing of unmanaged resources.
'
' If the monitor.Dispose method is called, the example displays the following output:
'       ConsoleMonitor instance....
'       The ConsoleMonitor class constructor.
'       The Write method.
'       The Dispose method.
'       The Dispose(True) method.
'       Disposing of managed resources.
'       Disposing of unmanaged resources.

Commenti

Questo metodo imposta un bit nell'intestazione dell'oggetto obj, il quale viene verificato dal runtime quando vengono chiamati i finalizzatori. Un finalizzatore, che è rappresentato dal metodo Object.Finalize, viene utilizzato per rilasciare le risorse non gestite prima che un oggetto venga raccolto dal Garbage Collector. Se obj non ha un finalizzatore o GC ha già segnalato al thread finalizzatore di eseguire il finalizzatore, la chiamata al SuppressFinalize metodo non ha alcun effetto.

Gli oggetti che implementano l'interfaccia IDisposable possono chiamare questo metodo dall'implementazione IDisposable.Dispose dell'oggetto per impedire al Garbage Collector di chiamare Object.Finalize su un oggetto che non lo richiede. Tale operazione viene in genere eseguita per impedire al finalizzatore di rilasciare le risorse non gestite già liberate dall'implementazione IDisposable.Dispose.

Si applica a

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