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Write filter exclusions

  • Artikkeli
  • Koskee seuraavia::
    ✅ Windows 11, ✅ Windows 10

You can add specific files or folders on a protected volume to a file exclusion list. When a file or folder is in the exclusion list all writes to that file or folder persists through a device restart.

You must use an administrator account to add or remove file or folder exclusions during run time, and you must restart the device for new exclusions to take effect.

Important

Adding files and folders to exclusions will not reduce overlay consumption. Exclusions are intended to allow small amounts of data and configuration to persist after the device restarts.

Don't add exclusions for the following:

  • \Windows\System32\config\DEFAULT
  • \Windows\System32\config\SAM
  • \Windows\System32\config\SECURITY
  • \Windows\System32\config\SOFTWARE
  • \Windows\System32\config\SYSTEM
  • \Users<User Name>\NTUSER.DAT
  • \Windows\BOOTSTAT.DAT
  • %System Drive%\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\BOOTSTAT.DAT
  • %System Drive%\Boot\BOOTSTAT.DAT

Also, don't add exclusions for the following:

  • The volume root. For example, C: or D:.
  • The \Windows folder on the system volume.
  • The \Windows\System32 folder on the system volume.
  • The \Windows\System32\Drivers folder on the system volume.
  • Paging files.

Adding an exclusion for any of these items is unsupported and may lead to unpredictable results. It's OK to exclude subdirectories and files under these locations.

Folders need to exist prior to adding them to the exclusion list.

You can't rename or move a file or folder from a protected location to an unprotected location, or vice versa. An error occurs if you attempt to delete a file folder in the exclusion list on a write filter protected volume. In this case, Windows attempts to move the file or folder to the Recycle Bin. The Recycle Bin isn't in the exclusion list. You can't move files that are in the exclusion list to a location that is write filter protected.

You can work around this error using one of the following options:

  • Disable the Recycle Bin
  • User can press Ctrl+Shift and then left-click on the file to directly delete the excluded file to bypass the Recycle Bin.
  • User can delete the excluded file directly from a command prompt.

You must restart the device for new exclusions to take effect.

Virtual Hard Disk (VHD) file exclusions

When you deploy a Windows image with UWF on a VHD boot disk, you can protect the volume that contains the VHD file by adding a file exclusion for the VHD file before enabling UWF and protecting the volume.

To add a file exclusion for the VHD file at an administrator command prompt:

uwfmgr.exe file add-exclusion <drive containing VHD file>:\<path to VHD file>\<VHD file name>.vhd

For example:

uwfmgr.exe file add-exclusion E:\VHD\test.vhd

Registry exclusions

You can add specific registry keys to an exclusion list to exclude those keys from UWF protection. When a registry key is in the exclusion list, all writes to that registry key bypass UWF filtering and are written directly to the registry and persist after the device restarts.

You must use an administrator account to add or remove registry exclusions during run time, and you must restart the device for new exclusions to take effect.

If you exclude a registry key, all its subkeys are also excluded from filtering. You can exclude registry subkeys only under the following registry keys:

  • HKEY\LOCAL\MACHINE\BCD00000000
  • HKEY\LOCAL\MACHINE\SYSTEM
  • HKEY\LOCAL\MACHINE\SOFTWARE
  • HKEY\LOCAL\MACHINE\SAM
  • HKEY\LOCAL\MACHINE\SECURITY
  • HKEY\LOCAL\MACHINE\COMPONENTS

Important

Don't add exclusions for the following:

  • HKLM\SECURITY\Policy\Secrets\$MACHINE.ACC

Note

UWF automatically excludes certain registry keys from being filtered. These registry keys are primarily related to UWF configuration settings and cannot be removed from the exclusion list.

For more information about common registry exclusions, see Common write filter exclusions.

Common write-filter exclusions

Some services and features write information to a device’s persistent volume, and expect that information to be present across device restarts. You may need to configure your write filter to allow for specific file and registry exclusions in order for these services and features to work correctly.

This article lists registry and file exclusions that can help enable some common services and features to work correctly when write filters are enabled.

If you're running any antivirus or security software in addition to UWF, consult with your antivirus vendor for advice on how to configure their solution in a UWF environment. You may need to add a UWF exclusion for the signature or update folder.

Customer Experience Improvement Program (CEIP)

When you choose to participate in the CEIP, your computer or device automatically sends information to Microsoft about how you use certain products. Information from your computer or device is combined with other CEIP data to help Microsoft solve problems and to improve the products and features customers use most often.

CEIP data is stored in files that have a .sqm file name extension. To make sure that the CEIP data in the .sqm files is available on a device that has write filters enabled, you can add file and folder exclusions for the .sqm files and folders.

To locate the .sqm files and folders on your device, search for .sqm files by using File Explorer. Alternately, at a command prompt with administrator rights at the root of the drive, type the following command to obtain a list of .sqm files on the device:

dir *.sqm /s

Add file and folder exclusions as required for any .sqm files located on your device.

Add registry exclusions for the following registry keys:

  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Policies\Microsoft\SQMClient\Windows\CEIPEnable
  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\SQMClient\Windows\CEIPEnable
  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\SQMClient\UploadDisableFlag

Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS)

Background Intelligent Transfer Service (BITS) downloads or uploads files between a client and server and provides progress information related to the transfers.

Add file exclusions for the following folders and files:

  • %ALLUSERSPROFILE%*\Microsoft\Network\Downloader

Add registry exclusions for the following registry keys:

  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\BITS\StateIndex

Windows Explorer

If you attempt to delete an excluded file or folder on a protected volume using Windows Explorer, you experience an error. In this case, Windows attempt to move the file or folder to the Recycle Bin, which isn't in the exclusion list. The write filter doesn't support moving a file or folder in the exclusion list to a location that is write filter protected.

You can work around this error using one of the following options:

  • Disable the Recycle Bin
  • User can press Ctrl+Shift and then left-click on the file to directly delete the excluded file to bypass the Recycle Bin.
  • User can delete the excluded file directly from a command prompt.

Networks

When you use write filters on your device, you can add file and registry exclusions to enable your device to join wired and wireless networks. The following file and registry exclusions may be required on your device.

Client Group Policy Object (GPO) registry keys:

  • Wireless: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\Wireless\GPTWirelessPolicy
  • Wired: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\WiredL2\GP_Policy

GPO policy files:

  • Wireless: C:\Windows\wlansvc\Policies
  • Wired: C:\Windows\dot2svc\Policies

Interface profile registry keys:

  • Wireless: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\wlansvc
  • Wired: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\dot3svc

Interface policy file:

  • Wireless: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\wlansvc\Profiles\Interfaces\{***&lt;Interface GUID&gt;***}\{***&lt;Profile GUID&gt;***}.xml
  • Wired: C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\dot3svc\Profiles\Interfaces\{***&lt;Interface GUID&gt;***}\{***&lt;Profile GUID&gt;***}.xml

Services registry keys:

  • Wireless: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\Wlansvc
  • Wireless: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\WwanSvc
  • Wired: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\dot3svc

Important

Folders need to exist prior to adding them to the exclusion list.

Daylight saving time (DST)

You can add the following registry exclusions to persist daylight saving time (DST) settings on your device.

  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Time Zones
  • HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\TimeZoneInformation