Rate optimization
This article helps you understand the rate optimization capability within the FinOps Framework and how to implement that in the Microsoft Cloud.
Definition
Rate optimization is the practice of obtaining reduced rates on cloud services, often by committing to a certain level of usage or spend over a specific period.
Review daily usage and cost trends to estimate how much you expect to use or spend over the next one to five years. Use Forecasting and account for future plans.
Commit to specific hourly usage targets to receive discounted rates and save up to 72% with Azure reservations. Or for more flexibility, commit to a specific hourly spend to save up to 65% with Azure savings plans for compute. Reservation discounts can be applied to resources of the specific type, SKU, and location only. Savings plan discounts are applied to a family of compute resources across types, SKUs, and locations. The extra specificity with reservations is what drives more favorable discounting.
Adopting a commitment-based strategy allows organizations to reduce their overall cloud costs while maintaining the same or higher usage by taking advantage of discounts on the resources they already use.
Before you begin
While you can save by using reservations and savings plans, there's also a risk that you might not end up using that capacity. You could end up under-utilizing the commitment and lose money. While losing money is rare, it's possible. We recommend starting small and making targeted, high-confidence decisions. We also recommend not waiting too long to decide on how to approach commitment-based discounts when you do have consistent usage because you're effectively losing money. Start small and learn as you go. But first, learn how reservation and savings plan discounts are applied.
Consider the usage you want to commit to before you purchase either a reservation or a savings plan. If you have high confidence, you maintain a specific level of usage for that type, SKU, and location, strongly consider starting with a reservation. For maximum flexibility, you can use savings plans to cover a wide range of compute costs by committing to a specific hourly spend instead of hourly usage.
Getting started
Microsoft offers several tools to help you identify when you should consider purchasing reservations or savings plans. You can choose whether you want to start by analyzing usage or by reviewing the system-generated recommendations based on your historical usage and cost. We recommend starting with the recommendations to focus your initial efforts:
- One of the most common starting points is Azure Advisor cost recommendations.
- For more flexibility, you can view and filter recommendations in the reservation and savings plan purchase experiences.
- Lastly, you can also view reservation recommendations in Power BI.
- After you know what to look for, you can analyze your usage data to look for the specific usage you want to purchase a reservation for.
After purchasing commitments, you can:
- View utilization from the reservation or savings plan page in the portal.
- Consider expanding the scope or enabling instance size flexibility (when available) to increase utilization and maximize savings of an existing commitment.
- Configure reservation utilization alerts to notify stakeholders if utilization drops below a desired threshold.
- View showback and chargeback reports for reservations and savings plans.
Building on the basics
You have commitment discounts in place at this point. As you move beyond the basics, consider the following points:
- Configure commitments to automatically renew for reservations and savings plans.
- Calculate cost savings for reservations and savings plans.
- If you use multiple accounts, clouds, or providers, expand coverage of your commitment discounts efforts to include all accounts.
- Consider implementing a consistent utilization and coverage monitoring system that covers all accounts.
- Establish a process for centralized purchasing of commitment-based offers, assigning responsibility to a dedicated team or individual.
- Consider programmatically aligning governance policies with commitments to prioritize SKUs and locations that are covered by reservations and aren't fully utilized when deploying new applications.
- If you need to monitor the usage of commitment discounts outside of the Azure portal, consider deploying FinOps hubs, which include a Rate optimization report. It summarizes existing and potential savings from commitment discounts, like reservations and savings plans.
Learn more at the FinOps Foundation
This capability is a part of the FinOps Framework by the FinOps Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to advancing cloud cost management and optimization. For more information about FinOps, including useful playbooks, training and certification programs, and more, see the Rate optimization article in the FinOps Framework documentation.
You can also find related videos on the FinOps Foundation YouTube channel:
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