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Get started with Relay Hybrid Connections WebSockets in Node.js

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In this quickstart, you create Node.js sender and receiver applications that send and receive messages by using Hybrid Connections WebSockets in Azure Relay. To learn about Azure Relay in general, see Azure Relay.

In this quickstart, you take the following steps:

  1. Create a Relay namespace by using the Azure portal.
  2. Create a hybrid connection in that namespace by using the Azure portal.
  3. Write a server (listener) console application to receive messages.
  4. Write a client (sender) console application to send messages.
  5. Run applications.

Prerequisites

Create a namespace

  1. Sign in to the Azure portal.

  2. Select All services on the left menu. Select Integration, search for Relays, move the mouse over Relays, and then select Create.

    Screenshot showing the selection of Relays -> Create button.

  3. On the Create namespace page, follow these steps:

    1. Choose an Azure subscription in which to create the namespace.

    2. For Resource group, choose an existing resource group in which to place the namespace, or create a new one.

    3. Enter a name for the Relay namespace.

    4. Select the region in which your namespace should be hosted.

    5. Select Review + create at the bottom of the page.

      Screenshot showing the Create namespace page.

    6. On the Review + create page, select Create.

    7. After a few minutes, you see the Relay page for the namespace.

      Screenshot showing the home page for Relay namespace.

Get management credentials

  1. On the Relay page, select Shared access policies on the left menu.

  2. On the Shared access policies page, select RootManageSharedAccessKey.

  3. Under SAS Policy: RootManageSharedAccessKey, select the Copy button next to Primary Connection String. This action copies the connection string to your clipboard for later use. Paste this value into Notepad or some other temporary location.

  4. Repeat the preceding step to copy and paste the value of Primary key to a temporary location for later use.

    Screenshot showing the connection info for Relay namespace.

Create a hybrid connection

On the Relay page for your namespace, follow these steps to create a hybrid connection.

  1. On the left menu, Under Entities, select Hybrid Connections, and then select + Hybrid Connection.

    Screenshot showing the Hybrid Connections page.

  2. On the Create Hybrid Connection page, enter a name for the hybrid connection, and select Create.

    Screenshot showing the Create Hybrid Connection page.

Create a server application (listener)

To listen and receive messages from the Relay, write a Node.js console application.

Create a Node.js application

Create a new JavaScript file called listener.js.

Add the Relay package

Run npm install hyco-ws from a Node command prompt in your project folder.

Write some code to receive messages

  1. Add the following constant to the top of the listener.js file.

    const WebSocket = require('hyco-ws');

  2. Add the following constants to the listener.js file for the hybrid connection details. Replace the placeholders in brackets with the values you obtained when you created the hybrid connection.

    • const ns - The Relay namespace. Be sure to use the fully qualified namespace name; for example, {namespace}.servicebus.windows.net.
    • const path - The name of the hybrid connection.
    • const keyrule - Name of your Shared Access Policies key, which is RootManageSharedAccessKey by default.
    • const key - The primary key of the namespace you saved earlier.

  3. Add the following code to the listener.js file:

    var wss = WebSocket.createRelayedServer(
{
    server : WebSocket.createRelayListenUri(ns, path),
    token: WebSocket.createRelayToken('http://' + ns, keyrule, key)
}, 
function (ws) {
    console.log('connection accepted');
    ws.onmessage = function (event) {
        console.log(event.data);
    };
    ws.on('close', function () {
        console.log('connection closed');
    });       
});

console.log('listening');

wss.on('error', function(err) {
    console.log('error' + err);
});

    Here's what your listener.js file should look like:

    const WebSocket = require('hyco-ws');

const ns = "{RelayNamespace}";
const path = "{HybridConnectionName}";
const keyrule = "{SASKeyName}";
const key = "{SASKeyValue}";

var wss = WebSocket.createRelayedServer(
    {
        server : WebSocket.createRelayListenUri(ns, path),
        token: WebSocket.createRelayToken('http://' + ns, keyrule, key)
    }, 
    function (ws) {
        console.log('connection accepted');
        ws.onmessage = function (event) {
            console.log(event.data);
        };
        ws.on('close', function () {
            console.log('connection closed');
        });       
});

console.log('listening');

wss.on('error', function(err) {
    console.log('error' + err);
});

Create a client application (sender)

To send messages to the Relay, write a Node.js console application.

Create a Node.js application

Create a new JavaScript file called sender.js.

Add the Relay Node Package Manager package

Run npm install hyco-ws from a Node command prompt in your project folder.

Write some code to send messages

  1. Add the following constants to the top of the sender.js file.

    const WebSocket = require('hyco-ws');
const readline = require('readline')
    .createInterface({
        input: process.stdin,
        output: process.stdout
    });;

  2. Add the following constants to the sender.js file for the hybrid connection details. Replace the placeholders in brackets with the values you obtained when you created the hybrid connection.

    • const ns - The Relay namespace. Be sure to use the fully qualified namespace name; for example, {namespace}.servicebus.windows.net.
    • const path - The name of the hybrid connection.
    • const keyrule - Name of your Shared Access Policies key, which is RootManageSharedAccessKey by default.
    • const key - The primary key of the namespace you saved earlier.

  3. Add the following code to the sender.js file:

    WebSocket.relayedConnect(
    WebSocket.createRelaySendUri(ns, path),
    WebSocket.createRelayToken('http://'+ns, keyrule, key),
    function (wss) {
        readline.on('line', (input) => {
            wss.send(input, null);
        });

        console.log('Started client interval.');
        wss.on('close', function () {
            console.log('stopping client interval');
            process.exit();
        });
    }
);

    Here's what your sender.js file should look like:

    const WebSocket = require('hyco-ws');
const readline = require('readline')
    .createInterface({
        input: process.stdin,
        output: process.stdout
    });;

const ns = "{RelayNamespace}";
const path = "{HybridConnectionName}";
const keyrule = "{SASKeyName}";
const key = "{SASKeyValue}";

WebSocket.relayedConnect(
    WebSocket.createRelaySendUri(ns, path),
    WebSocket.createRelayToken('http://'+ns, keyrule, key),
    function (wss) {
        readline.on('line', (input) => {
            wss.send(input, null);
        });

        console.log('Started client interval.');
        wss.on('close', function () {
            console.log('stopping client interval');
            process.exit();
        });
    }
);

Note

The sample code in this article uses a connection string to authenticate to an Azure Relay namespace to keep the tutorial simple. We recommend that you use Microsoft Entra ID authentication in production environments, rather than using connection strings or shared access signatures, which can be more easily compromised. For detailed information and sample code for using the Microsoft Entra ID authentication, see Authenticate and authorize an application with Microsoft Entra ID to access Azure Relay entities and Authenticate a managed identity with Microsoft Entra ID to access Azure Relay resources.

Run the applications

  1. Run the server application: from a Node.js command prompt type node listener.js.

  2. Run the client application: from a Node.js command prompt type node sender.js, and enter some text.

  3. Ensure that the server application console outputs the text that was entered in the client application.

    Console windows testing both the server and client applications.

Congratulations, you have created an end-to-end Hybrid Connections application using Node.js!

Next steps

In this quickstart, you created Node.js client and server applications that used WebSockets to send and receive messages. The Hybrid Connections feature of Azure Relay also supports using HTTP to send and receive messages. To learn how to use HTTP with Azure Relay Hybrid Connections, see the Node.js HTTP quickstart.

In this quickstart, you used Node.js to create client and server applications. To learn how to write client and server applications using .NET Framework, see the .NET WebSockets quickstart or the .NET HTTP quickstart.