Application.Run Método
Definición
Importante
Parte de la información hace referencia a la versión preliminar del producto, que puede haberse modificado sustancialmente antes de lanzar la versión definitiva. Microsoft no otorga ninguna garantía, explícita o implícita, con respecto a la información proporcionada aquí.
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual.
Sobrecargas
Run() |
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual, sin un formulario. |
Run(ApplicationContext) |
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual, con un ApplicationContext. |
Run(Form) |
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual y hace que el formulario especificado esté visible. |
Run()
- Source:
- Application.cs
- Source:
- Application.cs
- Source:
- Application.cs
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual, sin un formulario.
public:
static void Run();
public static void Run ();
static member Run : unit -> unit
Public Shared Sub Run ()
Excepciones
Ya se está ejecutando un bucle de mensajes principal en este subproceso.
Comentarios
En una aplicación basada en Win32 o Windows Forms, un bucle de mensajes es una rutina en el código que procesa eventos de usuario, como clics del mouse y trazos de teclado. Cada aplicación basada en Windows en ejecución requiere un bucle de mensajes activo, denominado bucle de mensajes principal. Cuando se cierra el bucle de mensajes principal, se cierra la aplicación. En Windows Forms, este bucle se cierra cuando se llama al Exit método o cuando se llama al ExitThread método en el subproceso que ejecuta el bucle de mensajes principal.
La mayoría de los desarrolladores Windows Forms no tendrán que usar esta versión del método . Debe usar la Run(Form) sobrecarga para iniciar una aplicación con un formulario principal, de modo que la aplicación finalice cuando se cierre el formulario principal. Para todas las demás situaciones, use la Run(ApplicationContext) sobrecarga , que admite el suministro de un ApplicationContext objeto para un mejor control sobre la duración de la aplicación.
Consulte también
Se aplica a
Run(ApplicationContext)
- Source:
- Application.cs
- Source:
- Application.cs
- Source:
- Application.cs
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual, con un ApplicationContext.
public:
static void Run(System::Windows::Forms::ApplicationContext ^ context);
public static void Run (System.Windows.Forms.ApplicationContext context);
static member Run : System.Windows.Forms.ApplicationContext -> unit
Public Shared Sub Run (context As ApplicationContext)
Parámetros
- context
- ApplicationContext
ApplicationContext en el que se ejecuta la aplicación.
Excepciones
Ya se está ejecutando un bucle de mensajes principal en este subproceso.
Ejemplos
En el ejemplo se muestran dos formularios y se cierra la aplicación cuando ambos formularios están cerrados. Cuando se inicia y sale la aplicación, se recuerda la posición de cada formulario. En este ejemplo se muestra cómo usar , ApplicationContextjunto con el Application.Run(context)
método , para mostrar varios formularios cuando se inicia la aplicación.
La clase MyApplicationContext
hereda de ApplicationContext y realiza un seguimiento cuando se cierra cada formulario y sale del subproceso actual cuando ambos están. La clase almacena las posiciones de cada formulario para el usuario. Los datos de posición del formulario se almacenan en un archivo titulado Appdata.txt
que se crea en la ubicación determinada por UserAppDataPath. El Main
método llama Application.Run(context)
a para iniciar la aplicación según .ApplicationContext
El código de los AppForm1
formularios y AppForm2
no se muestra a efectos de brevedad. Consulte la información general de la clase para obtener toda la ApplicationContext lista de código.
// The class that handles the creation of the application windows
ref class MyApplicationContext: public ApplicationContext
{
private:
int _formCount;
AppForm1^ _form1;
AppForm2^ _form2;
System::Drawing::Rectangle _form1Position;
System::Drawing::Rectangle _form2Position;
FileStream^ _userData;
public:
MyApplicationContext()
{
_formCount = 0;
// Handle the ApplicationExit event to know when the application is exiting.
Application::ApplicationExit += gcnew EventHandler( this, &MyApplicationContext::OnApplicationExit );
try
{
// Create a file that the application will store user specific data in.
_userData = gcnew FileStream( String::Concat( Application::UserAppDataPath, "\\appdata.txt" ),FileMode::OpenOrCreate );
}
catch ( IOException^ e )
{
// Inform the user that an error occurred.
MessageBox::Show( "An error occurred while attempting to show the application. The error is: {0}", dynamic_cast<String^>(e) );
// Exit the current thread instead of showing the windows.
ExitThread();
}
// Create both application forms and handle the Closed event
// to know when both forms are closed.
_form1 = gcnew AppForm1;
_form1->Closed += gcnew EventHandler( this, &MyApplicationContext::OnFormClosed );
_form1->Closing += gcnew CancelEventHandler( this, &MyApplicationContext::OnFormClosing );
_formCount++;
_form2 = gcnew AppForm2;
_form2->Closed += gcnew EventHandler( this, &MyApplicationContext::OnFormClosed );
_form2->Closing += gcnew CancelEventHandler( this, &MyApplicationContext::OnFormClosing );
_formCount++;
// Get the form positions based upon the user specific data.
if ( ReadFormDataFromFile() )
{
// If the data was read from the file, set the form
// positions manually.
_form1->StartPosition = FormStartPosition::Manual;
_form2->StartPosition = FormStartPosition::Manual;
_form1->Bounds = _form1Position;
_form2->Bounds = _form2Position;
}
// Show both forms.
_form1->Show();
_form2->Show();
}
void OnApplicationExit( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
{
// When the application is exiting, write the application data to the
// user file and close it.
WriteFormDataToFile();
try
{
// Ignore any errors that might occur while closing the file handle.
_userData->Close();
}
catch ( Exception^ )
{
}
}
private:
void OnFormClosing( Object^ sender, CancelEventArgs^ /*e*/ )
{
// When a form is closing, remember the form position so it
// can be saved in the user data file.
if ( dynamic_cast<AppForm1^>(sender) != nullptr )
_form1Position = (dynamic_cast<Form^>(sender))->Bounds;
else
if ( dynamic_cast<AppForm1^>(sender) != nullptr )
_form2Position = (dynamic_cast<Form^>(sender))->Bounds;
}
void OnFormClosed( Object^ /*sender*/, EventArgs^ /*e*/ )
{
// When a form is closed, decrement the count of open forms.
// When the count gets to 0, exit the app by calling
// ExitThread().
_formCount--;
if ( _formCount == 0 )
{
ExitThread();
}
}
bool WriteFormDataToFile()
{
// Write the form positions to the file.
UTF8Encoding^ encoding = gcnew UTF8Encoding;
RectangleConverter^ rectConv = gcnew RectangleConverter;
String^ form1pos = rectConv->ConvertToString( _form1Position );
String^ form2pos = rectConv->ConvertToString( _form2Position );
array<Byte>^dataToWrite = encoding->GetBytes( String::Concat( "~", form1pos, "~", form2pos ) );
try
{
// Set the write position to the start of the file and write
_userData->Seek( 0, SeekOrigin::Begin );
_userData->Write( dataToWrite, 0, dataToWrite->Length );
_userData->Flush();
_userData->SetLength( dataToWrite->Length );
return true;
}
catch ( Exception^ )
{
// An error occurred while attempting to write, return false.
return false;
}
}
bool ReadFormDataFromFile()
{
// Read the form positions from the file.
UTF8Encoding^ encoding = gcnew UTF8Encoding;
String^ data;
if ( _userData->Length != 0 )
{
array<Byte>^dataToRead = gcnew array<Byte>(_userData->Length);
try
{
// Set the read position to the start of the file and read.
_userData->Seek( 0, SeekOrigin::Begin );
_userData->Read( dataToRead, 0, dataToRead->Length );
}
catch ( IOException^ e )
{
String^ errorInfo = dynamic_cast<String^>(e);
// An error occurred while attempt to read, return false.
return false;
}
// Parse out the data to get the window rectangles
data = encoding->GetString( dataToRead );
try
{
// Convert the String* data to rectangles
RectangleConverter^ rectConv = gcnew RectangleConverter;
String^ form1pos = data->Substring( 1, data->IndexOf( "~", 1 ) - 1 );
_form1Position = *safe_cast<Rectangle^>(rectConv->ConvertFromString( form1pos ));
String^ form2pos = data->Substring( data->IndexOf( "~", 1 ) + 1 );
_form2Position = *safe_cast<Rectangle^>(rectConv->ConvertFromString( form2pos ));
return true;
}
catch ( Exception^ )
{
// Error occurred while attempting to convert the rectangle data.
// Return false to use default values.
return false;
}
}
else
{
// No data in the file, return false to use default values.
return false;
}
}
};
// The class that handles the creation of the application windows
class MyApplicationContext : ApplicationContext
{
private int _formCount;
private AppForm1 _form1;
private AppForm2 _form2;
private Rectangle _form1Position;
private Rectangle _form2Position;
private FileStream _userData;
private MyApplicationContext()
{
_formCount = 0;
// Handle the ApplicationExit event to know when the application is exiting.
Application.ApplicationExit += new EventHandler(this.OnApplicationExit);
try
{
// Create a file that the application will store user specific data in.
_userData = new FileStream(Application.UserAppDataPath + "\\appdata.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
// Inform the user that an error occurred.
MessageBox.Show("An error occurred while attempting to show the application." +
"The error is:" + e.ToString());
// Exit the current thread instead of showing the windows.
ExitThread();
}
// Create both application forms and handle the Closed event
// to know when both forms are closed.
_form1 = new AppForm1();
_form1.Closed += new EventHandler(OnFormClosed);
_form1.Closing += new CancelEventHandler(OnFormClosing);
_formCount++;
_form2 = new AppForm2();
_form2.Closed += new EventHandler(OnFormClosed);
_form2.Closing += new CancelEventHandler(OnFormClosing);
_formCount++;
// Get the form positions based upon the user specific data.
if (ReadFormDataFromFile())
{
// If the data was read from the file, set the form
// positions manually.
_form1.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
_form2.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
_form1.Bounds = _form1Position;
_form2.Bounds = _form2Position;
}
// Show both forms.
_form1.Show();
_form2.Show();
}
private void OnApplicationExit(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// When the application is exiting, write the application data to the
// user file and close it.
WriteFormDataToFile();
try
{
// Ignore any errors that might occur while closing the file handle.
_userData.Close();
}
catch { }
}
private void OnFormClosing(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
{
// When a form is closing, remember the form position so it
// can be saved in the user data file.
if (sender is AppForm1)
_form1Position = ((Form)sender).Bounds;
else if (sender is AppForm2)
_form2Position = ((Form)sender).Bounds;
}
private void OnFormClosed(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// When a form is closed, decrement the count of open forms.
// When the count gets to 0, exit the app by calling
// ExitThread().
_formCount--;
if (_formCount == 0)
{
ExitThread();
}
}
private bool WriteFormDataToFile()
{
// Write the form positions to the file.
UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
RectangleConverter rectConv = new RectangleConverter();
string form1pos = rectConv.ConvertToString(_form1Position);
string form2pos = rectConv.ConvertToString(_form2Position);
byte[] dataToWrite = encoding.GetBytes("~" + form1pos + "~" + form2pos);
try
{
// Set the write position to the start of the file and write
_userData.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
_userData.Write(dataToWrite, 0, dataToWrite.Length);
_userData.Flush();
_userData.SetLength(dataToWrite.Length);
return true;
}
catch
{
// An error occurred while attempting to write, return false.
return false;
}
}
private bool ReadFormDataFromFile()
{
// Read the form positions from the file.
UTF8Encoding encoding = new UTF8Encoding();
string data;
if (_userData.Length != 0)
{
byte[] dataToRead = new byte[_userData.Length];
try
{
// Set the read position to the start of the file and read.
_userData.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
_userData.Read(dataToRead, 0, dataToRead.Length);
}
catch (IOException e)
{
string errorInfo = e.ToString();
// An error occurred while attempt to read, return false.
return false;
}
// Parse out the data to get the window rectangles
data = encoding.GetString(dataToRead);
try
{
// Convert the string data to rectangles
RectangleConverter rectConv = new RectangleConverter();
string form1pos = data.Substring(1, data.IndexOf("~", 1) - 1);
_form1Position = (Rectangle)rectConv.ConvertFromString(form1pos);
string form2pos = data.Substring(data.IndexOf("~", 1) + 1);
_form2Position = (Rectangle)rectConv.ConvertFromString(form2pos);
return true;
}
catch
{
// Error occurred while attempting to convert the rectangle data.
// Return false to use default values.
return false;
}
}
else
{
// No data in the file, return false to use default values.
return false;
}
}
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the MyApplicationContext, that derives from ApplicationContext,
// that manages when the application should exit.
MyApplicationContext context = new MyApplicationContext();
// Run the application with the specific context. It will exit when
// all forms are closed.
Application.Run(context);
}
}
' The class that handles the creation of the application windows
Public Class MyApplicationContext
Inherits ApplicationContext
Private _formCount As Integer
Private _form1 As AppForm1
Private _form2 As AppForm2
Private _form1Position As Rectangle
Private _form2Position As Rectangle
Private _userData As FileStream
Public Sub New()
MyBase.New()
_formCount = 0
' Handle the ApplicationExit event to know when the application is exiting.
AddHandler Application.ApplicationExit, AddressOf OnApplicationExit
Try
' Create a file that the application will store user specific data in.
_userData = New FileStream(Application.UserAppDataPath + "\appdata.txt", FileMode.OpenOrCreate)
Catch e As IOException
' Inform the user that an error occurred.
MessageBox.Show("An error occurred while attempting to show the application." +
"The error is:" + e.ToString())
' Exit the current thread instead of showing the windows.
ExitThread()
End Try
' Create both application forms and handle the Closed event
' to know when both forms are closed.
_form1 = New AppForm1()
AddHandler _form1.Closed, AddressOf OnFormClosed
AddHandler _form1.Closing, AddressOf OnFormClosing
_formCount = _formCount + 1
_form2 = New AppForm2()
AddHandler _form2.Closed, AddressOf OnFormClosed
AddHandler _form2.Closing, AddressOf OnFormClosing
_formCount = _formCount + 1
' Get the form positions based upon the user specific data.
If (ReadFormDataFromFile()) Then
' If the data was read from the file, set the form
' positions manually.
_form1.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual
_form2.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual
_form1.Bounds = _form1Position
_form2.Bounds = _form2Position
End If
' Show both forms.
_form1.Show()
_form2.Show()
End Sub
Private Sub OnApplicationExit(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
' When the application is exiting, write the application data to the
' user file and close it.
WriteFormDataToFile()
Try
' Ignore any errors that might occur while closing the file handle.
_userData.Close()
Catch
End Try
End Sub
Private Sub OnFormClosing(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As CancelEventArgs)
' When a form is closing, remember the form position so it
' can be saved in the user data file.
If TypeOf sender Is AppForm1 Then
_form1Position = CType(sender, Form).Bounds
ElseIf TypeOf sender Is AppForm2 Then
_form2Position = CType(sender, Form).Bounds
End If
End Sub
Private Sub OnFormClosed(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
' When a form is closed, decrement the count of open forms.
' When the count gets to 0, exit the app by calling
' ExitThread().
_formCount = _formCount - 1
If (_formCount = 0) Then
ExitThread()
End If
End Sub
Private Function WriteFormDataToFile() As Boolean
' Write the form positions to the file.
Dim encoding As UTF8Encoding = New UTF8Encoding()
Dim rectConv As RectangleConverter = New RectangleConverter()
Dim form1pos As String = rectConv.ConvertToString(_form1Position)
Dim form2pos As String = rectConv.ConvertToString(_form2Position)
Dim dataToWrite As Byte() = encoding.GetBytes("~" + form1pos + "~" + form2pos)
Try
' Set the write position to the start of the file and write
_userData.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin)
_userData.Write(dataToWrite, 0, dataToWrite.Length)
_userData.Flush()
_userData.SetLength(dataToWrite.Length)
Return True
Catch
' An error occurred while attempting to write, return false.
Return False
End Try
End Function
Private Function ReadFormDataFromFile() As Boolean
' Read the form positions from the file.
Dim encoding As UTF8Encoding = New UTF8Encoding()
Dim data As String
If (_userData.Length <> 0) Then
Dim dataToRead(_userData.Length) As Byte
Try
' Set the read position to the start of the file and read.
_userData.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin)
_userData.Read(dataToRead, 0, dataToRead.Length)
Catch e As IOException
Dim errorInfo As String = e.ToString()
' An error occurred while attempt to read, return false.
Return False
End Try
' Parse out the data to get the window rectangles
data = encoding.GetString(dataToRead)
Try
' Convert the string data to rectangles
Dim rectConv As RectangleConverter = New RectangleConverter()
Dim form1pos As String = data.Substring(1, data.IndexOf("~", 1) - 1)
_form1Position = CType(rectConv.ConvertFromString(form1pos), Rectangle)
Dim form2pos As String = data.Substring(data.IndexOf("~", 1) + 1)
_form2Position = CType(rectConv.ConvertFromString(form2pos), Rectangle)
Return True
Catch
' Error occurred while attempting to convert the rectangle data.
' Return false to use default values.
Return False
End Try
Else
' No data in the file, return false to use default values.
Return False
End If
End Function
End Class
Public Module MyApplication
Public Sub Main()
' Create the MyApplicationContext, that derives from ApplicationContext,
' that manages when the application should exit.
Dim context As MyApplicationContext = New MyApplicationContext()
' Run the application with the specific context. It will exit when
' all forms are closed.
Application.Run(context)
End Sub
End Module
Comentarios
El bucle de mensajes se ejecuta hasta Exit que se llama a o ExitThread se genera el ThreadExit evento en el objeto de contexto.
Consulte también
Se aplica a
Run(Form)
- Source:
- Application.cs
- Source:
- Application.cs
- Source:
- Application.cs
Inicia la ejecución de un bucle de mensajes de aplicación estándar en el subproceso actual y hace que el formulario especificado esté visible.
public:
static void Run(System::Windows::Forms::Form ^ mainForm);
public static void Run (System.Windows.Forms.Form mainForm);
static member Run : System.Windows.Forms.Form -> unit
Public Shared Sub Run (mainForm As Form)
Parámetros
Excepciones
Un bucle de mensajes principal ya se está ejecutando en el subproceso actual.
Ejemplos
En el ejemplo de código siguiente se enumeran los números de un cuadro de lista de un formulario. Cada vez que haga clic en button1
, la aplicación agrega otro número a la lista.
El Main
método llama Run a para iniciar la aplicación, que crea el formulario, listBox1
y button1
. Cuando el usuario hace clic en button1
, el button1_Click
método agrega los números uno a tres al cuadro de lista y muestra .MessageBox Si el usuario hace clic en No en MessageBox, el button1_Click
método agrega otro número a la lista. Si el usuario hace clic en Sí, la aplicación llama Exit a para procesar todos los mensajes restantes de la cola y, a continuación, para salir.
El ejemplo requiere que listBox1
y button1
se hayan creado y colocado en un formulario.
public:
static void main()
{
// Starts the application.
Application::Run( gcnew Form1 );
}
private:
void button1_Click( Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e )
{
// Populates a list box with three numbers.
int i = 3;
for ( int j = 1; j <= i; j++ )
{
listBox1->Items->Add( j );
}
/* Determines whether the user wants to exit the application.
* If not, adds another number to the list box. */
while ( MessageBox::Show( "Exit application?", "",
MessageBoxButtons::YesNo ) == ::DialogResult::No )
{
// Increments the counter ands add the number to the list box.
i++;
listBox1->Items->Add( i );
}
// The user wants to exit the application. Close everything down.
Application::Exit();
}
public static void Main(string[] args) {
// Starts the application.
Application.Run(new Form1());
}
private void button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e) {
// Populates a list box with three numbers.
int i = 3;
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++) {
listBox1.Items.Add(j);
}
/* Determines whether the user wants to exit the application.
* If not, adds another number to the list box. */
while (MessageBox.Show("Exit application?", "", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) ==
DialogResult.No) {
// Increments the counter ands add the number to the list box.
i++;
listBox1.Items.Add(i);
}
// The user wants to exit the application. Close everything down.
Application.Exit();
}
<STAThread()> _
Shared Sub Main()
' Starts the application.
Application.Run(New Form1())
End Sub
Private Sub button1_Click(sender As object, e As System.EventArgs)
' Populates a list box with three numbers.
Dim i As Integer = 3
Dim j As Integer
For j = 1 To i - 1
listBox1.Items.Add(j)
Next
' Checks to see whether the user wants to exit the application.
' If not, adds another number to the list box.
While (MessageBox.Show("Exit application?", "", MessageBoxButtons.YesNo) = _
DialogResult.No)
' Increments the counter and adds the number to the list box.
i = i + 1
listBox1.Items.Add(i)
End While
' The user wants to exit the application. Close everything down.
Application.Exit()
End Sub
Comentarios
Normalmente, la función principal de una aplicación llama a este método y la pasa a la ventana principal de la aplicación.
Este método agrega un controlador de eventos al mainForm
parámetro para el Closed evento. El controlador de eventos llama ExitThread a para limpiar la aplicación.