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Set up the Remote Desktop web client for your users

The Remote Desktop web client lets users access your organization's Remote Desktop infrastructure through a compatible web browser. They'll be able to interact with remote apps or desktops like they would with a local PC no matter where they are. Once you set up your Remote Desktop web client, all your users need to get started is the URL where they can access the client, their credentials, and a supported web browser.

Important

The web client does support using Microsoft Entra application proxy but does not support Web Application Proxy at all. See Using RDS with application proxy services for details.

What you'll need to set up the web client

Before getting started, keep the following things in mind:

  • Make sure your Remote Desktop deployment has an RD Gateway, an RD Connection Broker, and RD Web Access running on Windows Server 2016 or 2019.

  • Make sure your deployment is configured for per-user client access licenses (CALs) instead of per-device, otherwise all licenses will be consumed.

  • Install the Windows 10 KB4025334 update on the RD Gateway. Later cumulative updates may already contain this KB.

  • Make sure public trusted certificates are configured for the RD Gateway and RD Web Access roles.

  • Make sure that any computers your users connect to are running one of the following OS versions:

    • Windows 10 or later
    • Windows Server 2016 or later

Your users will see better performance connecting to Windows Server 2016 (or later) and Windows 10 (version 1611 or later).

Important

If you used the web client during the preview period and installed a version prior to 1.0.0, you must first uninstall the old client before moving to the new version. If you receive an error that says "The web client was installed using an older version of RDWebClientManagement and must first be removed before deploying the new version," follow these steps:

  1. Open an elevated PowerShell prompt.
  2. Run Uninstall-Module RDWebClientManagement to uninstall the new module.
  3. Close and reopen the elevated PowerShell prompt.
  4. Run Install-Module RDWebClientManagement -RequiredVersion <old version> to install the old module.
  5. Run Uninstall-RDWebClient to uninstall the old web client.
  6. Run Uninstall-Module RDWebClientManagement to uninstall the old module.
  7. Close and reopen the elevated PowerShell prompt.
  8. Proceed with the normal installation steps as follows.

How to publish the Remote Desktop web client

To install the web client for the first time, follow these steps:

  1. On the RD Connection Broker server, obtain the certificate used for Remote Desktop connections and export it as a .cer file. Copy the .cer file from the RD Connection Broker to the server running the RD Web role.

  2. On the RD Web Access server, open an elevated PowerShell prompt.

  3. On Windows Server 2016, update the PowerShellGet module since the inbox version doesn't support installing the web client management module. To update PowerShellGet, run the following cmdlet:

    Install-Module -Name PowerShellGet -Force

    Note

    To access the PowerShell Gallery, Transport Layer Security (TLS) 1.2 or higher is required. Use the following command to enable TLS 1.2 in your PowerShell session:

    [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol =
[Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor
[Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12

    Important

    You'll need to restart PowerShell before the update can take effect, otherwise the module may not work.

  4. Install the Remote Desktop web client management PowerShell module from the PowerShell gallery with this cmdlet:

    Install-Module -Name RDWebClientManagement

  5. After that, run the following cmdlet to download the latest version of the Remote Desktop web client:

    Install-RDWebClientPackage

  6. Next, run this cmdlet with the bracketed value replaced with the path of the .cer file that you copied from the RD Broker:

    Import-RDWebClientBrokerCert <.cer file path>

  7. Finally, run this cmdlet to publish the Remote Desktop web client:

    Publish-RDWebClientPackage -Type Production -Latest

    Make sure you can access the web client at the web client URL with your server name, formatted as https://server_FQDN/RDWeb/webclient/index.html. It's important to use the server name that matches the RD Web Access public certificate in the URL (typically the server FQDN).

    Note

    When running the Publish-RDWebClientPackage cmdlet, you may see a warning that says per-device CALs are not supported, even if your deployment is configured for per-user CALs. If your deployment uses per-user CALs, you can ignore this warning. We display it to make sure you're aware of the configuration limitation.

  8. When you're ready for users to access the web client, just send them the web client URL you created.

Note

To see a list of all supported cmdlets for the RDWebClientManagement module, run the following cmdlet in PowerShell:

Get-Command -Module RDWebClientManagement

How to update the Remote Desktop web client

When a new version of the Remote Desktop web client is available, follow these steps to update the deployment with the new client:

  1. Open an elevated PowerShell prompt on the RD Web Access server and run the following cmdlet to download the latest available version of the web client:

    Install-RDWebClientPackage

  2. Optionally, you can publish the client for testing before official release by running this cmdlet:

    Publish-RDWebClientPackage -Type Test -Latest

    The client should appear on the test URL that corresponds to your web client URL (for example, <https://server_FQDN/RDWeb/webclient-test/index.html>).

  3. Publish the client for users by running the following cmdlet:

    Publish-RDWebClientPackage -Type Production -Latest

    This replaces the client for all users when they relaunch the web page.

How to uninstall the Remote Desktop web client

To remove all traces of the web client, follow these steps:

  1. On the RD Web Access server, open an elevated PowerShell prompt.

  2. Unpublish the Test and Production clients, uninstall all local packages and remove the web client settings:

    Uninstall-RDWebClient

  3. Uninstall the Remote Desktop web client management PowerShell module:

    Uninstall-Module -Name RDWebClientManagement

How to install the Remote Desktop web client without an internet connection

Follow these steps to deploy the web client to an RD Web Access server that doesn't have an internet connection.

Note

Installing without an internet connection is available in version 1.0.1 and above of the RDWebClientManagement PowerShell module.

Note

You still need an admin PC with internet access to download the necessary files before transferring them to the offline server.

Note

The end-user PC needs an internet connection for now. This will be addressed in a future release of the client to provide a complete offline scenario.

From a device with internet access

  1. Open a PowerShell prompt.

  2. Import the Remote Desktop web client management PowerShell module from the PowerShell gallery:

    Import-Module -Name RDWebClientManagement

  3. Download the latest version of the Remote Desktop web client for installation on a different device:

    Save-RDWebClientPackage "C:\WebClient\"

  4. Download the latest version of the RDWebClientManagement PowerShell module:

    Find-Module -Name "RDWebClientManagement" -Repository "PSGallery" | Save-Module -Path "C:\WebClient\"

  5. Copy the content of "C:\WebClient" to the RD Web Access server.

From the RD Web Access server

Follow the instructions under How to publish the Remote Desktop web client, replacing steps 4 and 5 with the following.

  1. You have two options to retrieve the latest web client management PowerShell module:

    • Import the Remote Desktop web client management PowerShell module: 
      Import-Module -Name RDWebClientManagement
    • Copy the downloaded RDWebClientManagement folder to one of the local PowerShell module folders listed under $env:psmodulePath, or add the path to the folder with the downloaded files to the $env:psmodulePath.

  2. Deploy the latest version of the Remote Desktop web client from the local folder (replace with the appropriate zip file):

    Install-RDWebClientPackage -Source "C:\WebClient\rdwebclient-1.0.1.zip"

Connecting to RD Broker without RD Gateway in Windows Server 2019

This section describes how to enable a web client connection to an RD Broker without an RD Gateway in Windows Server 2019.

Setting up the RD Broker server

Follow these steps if there's no certificate bound to the RD Broker server

  1. Open Server Manager > Remote Desktop Services.

  2. In Deployment Overview section, select the Tasks dropdown menu.

  3. Select Edit Deployment Properties, a new window titled Deployment Properties will open.

  4. In the Deployment Properties window, select Certificates in the left menu.

  5. In the list of Certificate Levels, select RD Connection Broker - Enable Single Sign On. You have two options: (1) create a new certificate or (2) an existing certificate.

Follow these steps if there's a certificate previously bound to the RD Broker server

  1. Open the certificate bound to the Broker and copy the Thumbprint value.

  2. To bind this certificate to the secure port 3392, open an elevated PowerShell window and run the following command, replacing "< thumbprint >" with the value copied from the previous step:

    netsh http add sslcert ipport=0.0.0.0:3392 certhash="<thumbprint>" certstorename="Remote Desktop" appid="{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}"

    Note

    To check if the certificate has been bound correctly, run the following command:

    netsh http show sslcert

    In the list of SSL Certificate bindings, ensure that the correct certificate is bound to port 3392.

  3. Open the Windows Registry (regedit), go to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp and locate the key WebSocketURI. Next, set the value to https://+:3392/rdp/.

Setting up the RD Session Host

Follow these steps if the RD Session Host server is different from the RD Broker server:

  1. Create a certificate for the RD Session Host machine, open it and copy the Thumbprint value.

  2. To bind this certificate to the secure port 3392, open an elevated PowerShell window and run the following command, replacing "< thumbprint >" with the value copied from the previous step:

    netsh http add sslcert ipport=0.0.0.0:3392 certhash="<thumbprint>" appid="{00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000}"

    Note

    To check if the certificate has been bound correctly, run the following command:

    netsh http show sslcert

    In the list of SSL Certificate bindings, ensure that the correct certificate is bound to port 3392.

  3. Open the Windows Registry (regedit) and navigate to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\WinStations\RDP-Tcp and locate the key WebSocketURI. The value must be set to https://+:3392/rdp/.

General Observations

  • Ensure that both the RD Session Host and RD Broker server are running Windows Server 2019.

  • Ensure that public trusted certificates are configured for both the RD Session Host and RD Broker server.

    Note

    If both the RD Session Host and the RD Broker server share the same machine, set the RD Broker server certificate only. If the RD Session Host and RD Broker server use different machines, both must be configured with unique certificates.

  • The Subject Alternative Name (SAN) for each certificate must be set to the machine's Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN). The Common Name (CN) must match the SAN for each certificate.

How to pre-configure settings for Remote Desktop web client users

This section tells you how to use PowerShell to configure settings for your Remote Desktop web client deployment. These PowerShell cmdlets control a user's ability to change settings based on your organization's security concerns or intended workflow. The following settings are all located in the Settings side panel of the web client.

Suppress telemetry

By default, users may choose to enable or disable collection of telemetry data that is sent to Microsoft. For information about the telemetry data Microsoft collects, refer to our Privacy Statement via the link in the About side panel.

As an administrator, you can choose to suppress telemetry collection for your deployment using the following PowerShell cmdlet:

 Set-RDWebClientDeploymentSetting -Name "SuppressTelemetry" $true

By default, the user may select to enable or disable telemetry. A boolean value $false will match the default client behavior. A boolean value $true disables telemetry and restricts the user from enabling telemetry.

Remote resource launch method

Note

This setting currently only works with the RDS web client, not the Azure Virtual Desktop web client.

By default, users may choose to launch remote resources (1) in the browser or (2) by downloading an .rdp file to handle with another client installed on their machine. As an administrator, you can choose to restrict the remote resource launch method for your deployment with the following PowerShell command:

 Set-RDWebClientDeploymentSetting -Name "LaunchResourceInBrowser" ($true|$false)

By default, the user may select either launch method. A boolean value $true will force the user to launch resources in the browser. A boolean value $false forces the user to launch resources by downloading an .rdp file to handle with a locally installed RDP client.

Reset RDWebClientDeploymentSetting configurations to default

To reset a deployment-level web client setting to the default configuration, run the following PowerShell cmdlet and use the -name parameter to specify the setting you want to reset:

 Reset-RDWebClientDeploymentSetting -Name "LaunchResourceInBrowser"
 Reset-RDWebClientDeploymentSetting -Name "SuppressTelemetry"

Troubleshooting

If a user reports any of the following issues when opening the web client for the first time, the following sections will tell you what to do to fix them.

What to do if the user's browser shows a security warning when they try to access the web client

The RD Web Access role might not be using a trusted certificate. Make sure the RD Web Access role is configured with a publicly trusted certificate.

If that doesn't work, your server name in the web client URL might not match the name provided by the RD Web certificate. Make sure your URL uses the FQDN of the server hosting the RD Web role.

What to do if the user can't connect to a resource with the web client even though they can see the items under All Resources

If the user reports that they can't connect with the web client even though they can see the resources listed, check the following things:

  • Is the RD Gateway role properly configured to use a trusted public certificate?
  • Does the RD Gateway server have the required updates installed? Make sure that your server has the KB4025334 update installed.

If the user gets an "unexpected server authentication certificate was received" error message when they try to connect, then the message will show the certificate's thumbprint. Search the RD Broker server's certificate manager using that thumbprint to find the right certificate. Verify that the certificate is configured to be used for the RD Broker role in the Remote Desktop deployment properties page. After making sure the certificate hasn't expired, copy the certificate in .cer file format to the RD Web Access server and run the following command on the RD Web Access server with the bracketed value replaced by the certificate's file path:

Import-RDWebClientBrokerCert <certificate file path>

Diagnose issues with the console log

If you can't solve the issue based on the troubleshooting instructions in this article, you can try to diagnose the source of the problem yourself by watching the console log in the browser. The web client provides a method for recording the browser console log activity while using the web client to help diagnose issues.

  • Select the ellipsis in the upper-right corner and navigate to the About page in the dropdown menu.
  • Under Capture support information select the Start recording button.
  • Perform the operation(s) in the web client that produced the issue you're trying to diagnose.
  • Navigate to the About page and select Stop recording.
  • Your browser will automatically download a .txt file titled RD Console Logs.txt. This file contains the full console log activity generated while reproducing the target issue.

The console may also be accessed directly through your browser. The console is generally located under the developer tools. For example, you can access the log in Microsoft Edge by pressing the F12 key, or by selecting the ellipsis, then navigating to More tools > Developer Tools.

Get help with the web client

If you've encountered an issue that can't be solved by the information in this article, you can report it on the Azure Virtual Desktop forum of Microsoft Tech Community.