非同步回呼處理
當用戶端與提供者虛擬化根目錄下的檔案和目錄互動時，這些互動通常會導致叫用提供者的回呼。 ProjFS 會藉由將訊息從核心模式傳送至 ProjFS 使用者模式程式庫來叫用提供者回呼，其中背景工作執行緒會接收訊息並呼叫適當的回呼。 回呼傳回之後，背景工作執行緒會等候另一則訊息從核心模式送達。 如果所有背景工作執行緒都忙於執行提供者回呼程式碼，則會觸發回呼區塊的任何進一步用戶端 I/O，直到背景工作執行緒可供接收訊息並叫用相關的回呼為止。 當提供者啟動時，它可以指定它想要 ProjFS 透過PrjStartVirtualizing選項參數建立至服務回呼的背景工作執行緒數目。 提供者可以非同步維護其回呼，以改善訊息接收背景工作執行緒的效率。
如果提供者未將 options 參數指定為 PrjStartVirtualizing，或是針對 options 參數的 ConcurrentThreadCount 成員指定 0，ProjFS 將會使用系統中的邏輯處理器數目作為 ConcurrentThreadCount 的值。
如果提供者未將 options 參數指定為 PrjStartVirtualizing，或針對 options 參數的 PoolThreadCount 成員指定 0，ProjFS 會針對 PoolThreadCount 的值使用 ConcurrentThreadCount 的兩倍值。
提供者服務會從其回呼傳回HRESULT_FROM_WIN32 (ERROR_IO_PENDING) ，然後使用 PrjCompleteCommand完成它們，以非同步方式回呼。 以非同步方式處理回呼的提供者也應該藉由實作 PRJ_CANCEL_COMMAND_CB回 呼來支援回呼取消。
當 ProjFS 呼叫提供者的回呼時，它會使用回呼 callbackData 參數的 CommandId 成員來識別回呼的特定調用。 如果提供者決定以非同步方式處理該回呼，它必須儲存 CommandId 成員的值，並從回呼傳回HRESULT_FROM_WIN32 (ERROR_IO_PENDING) 。 提供者完成回呼處理之後，它會呼叫 PrjCompleteCommand，並在 commandId 參數中傳遞預存識別碼。 這會告訴 ProjFS 哪些回呼調用已完成。
實作 PRJ_CANCEL_COMMAND_CB 回呼的提供者必須追蹤尚未完成的回呼。 如果提供者收到此回呼，它表示導致叫用其中一個回呼的 I/O 已明確取消，或是因為在終止時發出的執行緒。 提供者應該儘快取消處理 CommandId 所識別的回呼調用。
雖然 ProjFS 只會在叫用要取消的回呼之後，叫用指定 CommandId 的PRJ_CANCEL_COMMAND_CB ，但取消和原始調用可能會在多執行緒提供者中同時執行。 提供者必須能夠正常處理這種情況。
下列範例是列舉 檔案和目錄 主題所提供的範例版本，已修改為說明非同步回呼處理。
typedef struct MY_ENUM_ENTRY MY_ENUM_ENTRY;
typedef struct MY_ENUM_ENTRY {
MY_ENUM_ENTRY* Next;
PWSTR Name;
BOOLEAN IsDirectory;
INT64 FileSize;
} MY_ENUM_ENTRY;
typedef struct MY_ENUM_SESSION {
GUID EnumerationId;
PWSTR SearchExpression;
USHORT SearchExpressionMaxLen;
BOOLEAN SearchExpressionCaptured;
MY_ENUM_ENTRY* EnumHead;
MY_ENUM_ENTRY* LastEnumEntry;
BOOLEAN EnumCompleted;
} MY_ENUM_SESSION;
typedef struct MY_ENUM_PARAMS {
GUID EnumerationId;
PRJ_DIR_ENTRY_BUFFER_HANDLE DirEntryBufferHandle;
PRJ_NAMESPACE_VIRTUALIZATION_CONTEXT NamespaceVirtualizationContext;
INT32 CommandId;
PRJ_CALLBACK_DATA_FLAGS Flags;
WCHAR SearchExpression[1];
} MY_ENUM_PARAMS;
// Prototype for the enumeration worker routine. In this example this is a
// ThreadProc. See https://msdn.microsoft.com/library/windows/desktop/ms686736.aspx
DWORD WINAPI MyGetEnumCallbackWorker(_In_ LPVOID parameter);
#define ROLLBACK_NONE 0
#define ROLLBACK_PARAM_ALLOC 1
#define ROLLBACK_TRACK_ENUM 2
HRESULT
MyGetEnumCallback(
_In_ const PRJ_CALLBACK_DATA* callbackData,
_In_ const GUID* enumerationId,
_In_opt_z_ PCWSTR searchExpression,
_In_ PRJ_DIR_ENTRY_BUFFER_HANDLE dirEntryBufferHandle
)
{
UINT rollback = ROLLBACK_NONE;
// This example creates a thread to run the enumeration in. The provider
// can access callbackData only while the callback is running, so we copy
// out the fields that the worker thread will need.
MY_ENUM_PARAMS* enumParams = NULL;
size_t bufSize = sizeof(MY_ENUM_PARAMS);
// Allocate enough space for the parameter buffer and the search expression
// string plus a terminating NULL character.
if (searchExpression != NULL)
{
bufSize += (wcslen(searchExpression) + 1) * sizeof(WCHAR);
}
else
{
// We'll store "*" as the search expression in this case.
bufSize += 2 * sizeof(WCHAR);
}
enumParams = (MY_ENUM_PARAMS*) calloc(1, bufSize);
if (enumParams == NULL)
{
hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
goto RollbackOnError;
}
// enumParams allocated.
rollback = ROLLBACK_PARAM_ALLOC;
// Copy the search expression into our parameter buffer.
if (searchExpression != NULL)
{
wcsncpy_s(enumParams->SearchExpression,
wcslen(searchExpression),
searchExpression,
wcslen(searchExpression));
}
else
{
wcsncpy_s(enumParams->SearchExpression, 1, "*", 1);
}
// Copy the other parameters into our parameter buffer.
enumParams->EnumerationId = enumerationId;
enumParams->DirEntryBufferHandle = dirEntryBufferHandle;
enumParams->NamespaceVirtualizationContext = callbackData->NamespaceVirtualizationContext
enumParams->CommandId = callbackData->CommandId;
enumParams->Flags = callbackData->Flags;
// MyTrackEnumForCancellation is a routine the provider might implement to
// track active enumeration callbacks in case they are cancelled. It stores
// the CommandId for the callback in some structure.
hr = MyTrackEnumForCancellation(callbackData->CommandId);
if (FAILED(hr))
{
goto RollbackOnError;
}
// Enum callback tracked.
rollback = ROLLBACK_TRACK_ENUM;
// Create the worker thread.
HANDLE workerThread = NULL;
workerThread = CreateThread(NULL,
0,
MyGetEnumCallbackWorker,
enumParams,
0
NULL);
// We'll treat failure to create the thread as a low-resources error.
if (workerThread == NULL)
{
hr = E_OUTOFMEMORY;
goto RollbackOnError;
}
// Return pending to signal that we'll complete the enumeration later.
return HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_IO_PENDING);
RollbackOnError:
// Clean up manually. Note the fall-through structure of the switch, and that
// we clean up in reverse order.
switch(rollback)
{
case ROLLBACK_TRACK_ENUM:
// MyUntrackEnumForCancellation removes the CommandId for the callback
// from the structure that MyTrackEnumForCancellation put it in.
MyUntrackEnumForCancellation(callbackData->CommandId);
case ROLLBACK_PARAM_ALLOC:
free(enumParams);
default:
break;
}
return hr;
}
DWORD
WINAPI
MyGetEnumCallbackWorker(
_In_ LPVOID parameter
)
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
MY_ENUM_PARAMS* enumParams = (MY_ENUM_PARAMS*) parameter;
// MyCheckEnumForCancellation is a routine the provider might implement to
// check whether a pended enumeration callback has been cancelled. Even
// though the enumeration has been cancelled, ProjFS will still call the
// provider's end-enumeration callback. This allows general cleanup, such
// as tearing down the enumeration session, to always happen in that callback.
if (MyCheckEnumForCancellation(enumParams->CommandId))
{
// The operation has been cancelled. Clean up and get out.
free(enumParams);
return 0;
}
// MyGetEnumSession is a routine the provider might implement to find
// information about the enumeration session that it first stored
// when processing its PRJ_START_DIRECTORY_ENUMERATION_CB callback.
//
// In this example the PRJ_START_DIRECTORY_ENUMERATION_CB callback has
// already retrieved a list of the items in the backing store located at
// callbackData->FilePathName, sorted them using PrjFileNameCompare()
// to determine collation order, and stored the list in session->EnumHead.
MY_ENUM_SESSION* session = NULL;
session = MyGetEnumSession(enumParams->EnumerationId);
if (session == NULL)
{
hr = HRESULT_FROM_WIN32(ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER);
goto CompleteCallback;
}
if (!session->SearchExpressionCaptured ||
(enumParams->Flags & PRJ_CB_DATA_FLAG_ENUM_RESTART_SCAN))
{
if (wcsncpy_s(session->SearchExpression,
session->SearchExpressionMaxLen,
enumParams->SearchExpression,
wcslen(enumParams->SearchExpression)))
{
// Failed to copy the search expression; perhaps the provider
// could try reallocating session->SearchExpression.
}
session->SearchExpressionCaptured = TRUE;
}
MY_ENUM_ENTRY* enumHead = NULL;
// We have to start the enumeration from the beginning if we aren't
// continuing an existing session or if the caller is requesting a restart.
if (((session->LastEnumEntry == NULL) &&
!session->EnumCompleted) ||
(enumParams->Flags & PRJ_CB_DATA_FLAG_ENUM_RESTART_SCAN))
{
// Ensure that if the caller is requesting a restart we reset our
// bookmark of how far we got in the enumeration.
session->LastEnumEntry = NULL;
// In case we're restarting ensure we don't think we're done.
session->EnumCompleted = FALSE;
// We need to start considering items from the beginning of the list
// retrieved from the backing store.
enumHead = session->EnumHead;
}
else
{
// We are resuming an existing enumeration session. Note that
// session->LastEnumEntry may be NULL. That is okay; it means
// we got all the entries the last time this callback was invoked.
// Returning S_OK without adding any new entries to the
// enumParams->DirEntryBufferHandle buffer signals ProjFS that the
// enumeration has returned everything it can.
enumHead = session->LastEnumEntry;
}
if (enumHead == NULL)
{
// There are no items to return. Remember that we've returned everything
// we can.
session->EnumCompleted = TRUE;
}
else
{
MY_ENUM_ENTRY* thisEntry = enumHead;
while (thisEntry != NULL)
{
// We'll insert the entry into the return buffer if it matches
// the search expression captured for this enumeration session.
if (PrjFileNameMatch(thisEntry->Name, session->SearchExpression))
{
PRJ_FILE_BASIC_INFO fileBasicInfo = {};
fileBasicInfo.IsDirectory = thisEntry->IsDirectory;
fileBasicInfo.FileSize = thisEntry->FileSize;
// Format the entry for return to ProjFS.
if (S_OK != PrjFillDirEntryBuffer(thisEntry->Name,
&fileBasicInfo,
enumParams->DirEntryBufferHandle))
{
// We couldn't add this entry to the buffer; remember where we left
// off for the next time we're called for this enumeration session.
session->LastEnumEntry = thisEntry;
hr = S_OK;
goto CompleteCallback;
}
}
thisEntry = thisEntry->Next;
}
// We reached the end of the list of entries; remember that we've returned
// everything we can.
session->EnumCompleted = TRUE;
}
CompleteCallback:
// Signal ProjFS that we've completed this callback. Since this is an enumeration
// we use the extendedParameters parameter to PrjCompleteCommand.
PRJ_COMPLETE_COMMAND_EXTENDED_PARAMETERS extendedParams = {};
extendedParams.CommandType = PRJ_COMPLETE_COMMAND_TYPE_ENUMERATION;
extendedParams.enumeration.DirEntryBufferHandle = enumParams->DirEntryBufferHandle;
PrjCompleteCommand(enumParams->NamespaceVirtualizationContext,
enumParams->CommandId,
hr,
&extendedParams);
MyUntrackEnumForCancellation(enumParams->CommandId);
free(enumParams);
// ThreadProc returns 0 on successful completion.
return 0;
}
以下是與上述範例程式碼搭配運作的簡短範例PRJ_CANCEL_COMMAND_CB。
void
MyCancelCommandCallback(
_In_ const PRJ_CALLBACK_DATA* callbackData
)
{
// MyMarkEnumForCancellation is a routine the provider might implement to
// mark a pended enumeration callback as cancelled. If the given CommandId
// is not found, it is not an error. It may not yet have been tracked or
// it may already have completed and been untracked.
MyMarkEnumForCancellation(callbackData->CommandId);
}