Upgrade Custom Project and Item Templates for Visual Studio 2017

發行項
11/04/2016

Applies to: Visual Studio Visual Studio for Mac

Note

This article applies to Visual Studio 2017. If you're looking for the latest Visual Studio documentation, see Visual Studio documentation. We recommend upgrading to the latest version of Visual Studio. Download it here

Starting in Visual Studio 2017, Visual Studio discovers project and item templates that have been installed by a .vsix or an .msi in a different way to previous versions of Visual Studio. If you own extensions that use custom project or item templates, you need to update your extensions. This article explains what you must do.

This change affects only Visual Studio 2017. It does not affect previous versions of Visual Studio.

If you want to create a project or item template as part of a VSIX extension, see Creating Custom Project and Item Templates.

Template Scanning

In previous versions of Visual Studio, devenv /setup or devenv /installvstemplates scanned the local disk to find project and item templates. Starting in Visual Studio 2017, scanning is performed only for the user-level location. The default user-level location is %USERPROFILE%\Documents\<Visual Studio version>\Templates\. This location is used for templates generated by the Project > Export Templates... command, if the Automatically import the template into Visual Studio option is selected in the wizard.

For other (non-user) locations, you must include a manifest(.vstman) file that specifies the location and other characteristics of the template. The .vstman file is generated along with the .vstemplate file used for templates. If you install your extension using a .vsix, you can accomplish this by recompiling the extension in Visual Studio 2017. But if you use an .msi, you need to make the changes manually. For a list of what you need to do to make these changes, see Upgrades for Extensions Installed with an .MSI later on this page.

How to Update a VSIX Extension with Project or Item Templates

Open the solution in Visual Studio 2017. You will be asked to upgrade the code. Click OK.
After the upgrade completes, you may need to change the version of the install target. In the VSIX project, open the source.extension.vsixmanifest file and select the Install Targets tab. If the Version Range field is [14.0], click Edit and change it to include Visual Studio 2017. For example, you can set it to [14.0,15.0] to install the extension to either Visual Studio 2015 or Visual Studio 2017, or to [15.0] to install it to just Visual Studio 2017.
Recompile the code.
Close Visual Studio.
Install the VSIX.
You can test the update by doing the following:
1. The file scanning change is activated by the following registry key:
  
  reg add hklm\software\microsoft\visualstudio\15.0\VSTemplate /v DisableTemplateScanning /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /reg:32
2. After you have added the key, run devenv /installvstemplates.
3. Reopen Visual Studio. You should find your template in the expected location.
Note

The Visual Studio Extensibility project templates are not available when the registry key is present. You must delete the registry key (and rerun devenv /installvstemplates) to use them.

Other Recommendations for Deploying Project and Item Templates

Avoid using zipped template files. Zipped template files need to be uncompressed in order to retrieve resources and content, so they will be costlier to use. Instead, you should deploy project and item templates as individual files under their own directory to speed up template initialization. For VSIX extensions, SDK build tasks will automatically unzip any zipped template while creating the VSIX file.
Avoid using package/resource ID entries for the template name, description, icon, or preview in order to avoid unnecessary resource assembly loads during template discovery. Instead, you can use localized manifests to create a template entry for each locale, which uses localized names or properties.
If you are including templates as file items, manifest generation might not give you the expected results. In that case, you will have to add a manually generated manifest to the VSIX project.

File Changes in Project and Item Templates

We show the points of difference between the Visual Studio 2015 and Visual Studio 2017 versions of the template files, so that you can create the new files correctly.

Here is the default project .vstemplate file created by Visual Studio 2015:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<VSTemplate Version="3.0.0" Type="Project" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate/2005" xmlns:sdk="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate-sdkextension/2010">
  <TemplateData>
    <Name>ProjectTemplate1</Name>
    <Description>ProjectTemplate1</Description>
    <Icon>ProjectTemplate1.ico</Icon>
    <ProjectType>CSharp</ProjectType>
    <RequiredFrameworkVersion>2.0</RequiredFrameworkVersion>
    <SortOrder>1000</SortOrder>
    <TemplateID>05b79cc9-2146-4716-a8e5-7e085cdd2221</TemplateID>
    <CreateNewFolder>true</CreateNewFolder>
    <DefaultName>ProjectTemplate1</DefaultName>
    <ProvideDefaultName>true</ProvideDefaultName>
  </TemplateData>
  <TemplateContent>
    <Project File="ProjectTemplate.csproj" ReplaceParameters="true">
      <ProjectItem ReplaceParameters="true" TargetFileName="Properties\AssemblyInfo.cs">AssemblyInfo.cs</ProjectItem>
      <ProjectItem ReplaceParameters="true" OpenInEditor="true">Class1.cs</ProjectItem>
    </Project>
  </TemplateContent>
</VSTemplate>

Here is the .vstman file (you can find it in the VSIX project's manifest directory) that resulted from the rebuilding of the VSIX project:

<VSTemplateManifest Version="1.0" Locale="1033" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplatemanifest/2015">
  <VSTemplateContainer TemplateType="Project">
    <RelativePathOnDisk>CSharp\1033\ProjectTemplate1</RelativePathOnDisk>
    <TemplateFileName>ProjectTemplate1.vstemplate</TemplateFileName>
    <VSTemplateHeader>
      <TemplateData xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate/2005">
        <Name>ProjectTemplate1</Name>
        <Description>ProjectTemplate1</Description>
        <Icon>ProjectTemplate1.ico</Icon>
        <ProjectType>CSharp</ProjectType>
        <RequiredFrameworkVersion>2.0</RequiredFrameworkVersion>
        <SortOrder>1000</SortOrder>
        <TemplateID>05b79cc9-2146-4716-a8e5-7e085cdd2221</TemplateID>
        <CreateNewFolder>true</CreateNewFolder>
        <DefaultName>ProjectTemplate1</DefaultName>
        <ProvideDefaultName>true</ProvideDefaultName>
      </TemplateData>
    </VSTemplateHeader>
  </VSTemplateContainer>
</VSTemplateManifest>

The information provided by the TemplateData element remains the same. The <VSTemplateContainer> element points to the .vstemplate file for the associated template.

Here is the default item .vstemplate file created by Visual Studio 2015:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<VSTemplate Version="3.0.0" Type="Item" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate/2005" xmlns:sdk="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate-sdkextension/2010">
  <TemplateData>
    <Name>ItemTemplate1</Name>
    <Description>ItemTemplate1</Description>
    <Icon>ItemTemplate1.ico</Icon>
    <TemplateID>bfeadf8e-a251-4109-b605-516b88e38c8d</TemplateID>
    <ProjectType>CSharp</ProjectType>
    <RequiredFrameworkVersion>2.0</RequiredFrameworkVersion>
    <NumberOfParentCategoriesToRollUp>1</NumberOfParentCategoriesToRollUp>
    <DefaultName>Class.cs</DefaultName>
  </TemplateData>
  <TemplateContent>
    <References>
      <Reference>
        <Assembly>System</Assembly>
      </Reference>
    </References>
    <ProjectItem ReplaceParameters="true">Class.cs</ProjectItem>
  </TemplateContent>
</VSTemplate>

Here is the .vstman file (you can find it in the VSIX project's manifest directory) that resulted from the rebuilding of the VSIX project:

<VSTemplateManifest Version="1.0" Locale="1033" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplatemanifest/2015">
  <VSTemplateContainer TemplateType="Item">
    <RelativePathOnDisk>CSharp\1033\ItemTemplate1</RelativePathOnDisk>
    <TemplateFileName>ItemTemplate1.vstemplate</TemplateFileName>
    <VSTemplateHeader>
      <TemplateData xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/vstemplate/2005">
        <Name>ItemTemplate1</Name>
        <Description>ItemTemplate1</Description>
        <Icon>ItemTemplate1.ico</Icon>
        <TemplateID>bfeadf8e-a251-4109-b605-516b88e38c8d</TemplateID>
        <ProjectType>CSharp</ProjectType>
        <RequiredFrameworkVersion>2.0</RequiredFrameworkVersion>
        <NumberOfParentCategoriesToRollUp>1</NumberOfParentCategoriesToRollUp>
        <DefaultName>Class.cs</DefaultName>
      </TemplateData>
    </VSTemplateHeader>
  </VSTemplateContainer>
</VSTemplateManifest>

The information provided by the <TemplateData> element remains the same. The <VSTemplateContainer> element points to the .vstemplate file for the associated template

For more information about the different elements of the .vstman file, see Visual Studio Template Manifest Schema Reference.

Upgrades for Extensions Installed with an .MSI

Some MSI-based extensions deploy templates to common template locations such as the following directories:

<Visual Studio installation directory>\Common7\IDE\<ProjectTemplates/ItemTemplates>
<Visual Studio installation directory>\Common7\IDE\Extensions\<ExtensionName>\<Project/ItemTemplates>

If your extension performs an MSI-based deployment, you need to generate the template manifest manually and ensure that it is included in the extension setup. Compare the .vstman examples listed above and the Visual Studio Template Manifest Schema Reference.

Create separate manifests for project and item templates, and they should point to root template directory as specified above. Create one manifest per extension and locale.

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