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Enterprise Certification Authorities

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Applies To: Windows Server 2008

Enterprise certification authorities (CAs) can issue certificates for purposes such as digital signatures, secure e-mail by using S/MIME (Secure Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions), authentication to a secure Web server by using Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) or Transport Layer Security (TLS), and logging on to a domain by using a smart card.

An enterprise CA has the following characteristics:

  • Requires access to Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS).

  • Uses Group Policy to propagate its certificate to the Trusted Root Certification Authorities certificate store for all users and computers in the domain.

  • Publishes user certificates and certificate revocation lists (CRLs) to AD DS. In order to publish certificates to AD DS, the server that the CA is installed on must be a member of the Certificate Publishers group. This is automatic for the domain the server is in, but the server must be delegated the proper security permissions to publish certificates in other domains.

Note

You must be a member of the Domain Admins group or be an administrator with Write access to AD DS to install an enterprise root CA.

An enterprise CA issues certificates based on a certificate template. The following functionality is possible when you use certificate templates:

  • Enterprise CAs enforce credential checks on users during certificate enrollment. Each certificate template has a security permission set in AD DS that determines whether the certificate requester is authorized to receive the type of certificate they have requested.

  • The certificate subject name can be generated automatically from the information in AD DS or supplied explicitly by the requestor.

  • The policy module adds a predefined list of certificate extensions to the issued certificate. The extensions are defined by the certificate template. This reduces the amount of information a certificate requester has to provide about the certificate and its intended use.

  • Autoenrollment can be used to issue certificates.

Additional references