How to: Get a Specific Instance of a Class (C#)

發行項
05/31/2018

This topic provides step-by-step instructions for getting a specific (keyed) instance of a specified CIM class using the Windows Management Infrastructure (MI) .NET API. In addition to the steps, a full source code example is provided at the end of the topic.

Note

To see the native MI API and Microsoft Visual C++ version of this topic, refer to How to: Get a Specific Instance of a Class (C/C++)

Step-by-step Instructions

Add a reference to the Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure reference assembly. (This assembly ships as part of the Windows Software Development Kit (SDK) for Windows 8.)
Add a using statement for the Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure namespace.
```
using Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure;
```
Instantiate a CimSession object. The following snippet uses the standard "localhost" value for the CimSession.Create method.
```
CimSession cimSession = CimSession.Create("localhost");
```
Instantiate a CimInstance object using the CIM class name. For purposes of this topic, that object will be referred to as the "search instance". The search instance will ultimately contain the key values with which to search for a specific instance of the class passed to the CimInstance constructor (Win32_Process, in this example).
```
CimInstance searchInstance = new CimInstance(cimClassName);
```
In order to get a specific instance of a class by its key value(s), you must first determine the class's key properties and then specify the desired values for those key properties. The following code instantiates a CimClass object using the desired class name (Win32_Process, in this example) and then uses a simple LINQ query to obtain all the key properties for that class. (You might need to add a using statement for the System.Linq namespace.) This step is optional if you already know the key values and will add them directly in step 7.0
```
CimClass cimClass = cimSession.GetClass(cimNamespace, cimClassName);
var keyProperties = from p in cimClass.CimClassProperties 
                    where ((p.Flags & CimFlags.Key) == CimFlags.Key) 
                    select p;
```
Once the key properties for the desired class have been obtained, you need to get a value for each of the key properties. The following code loops through those key properties, querying the user for a value associated with each key, and adding the propertyName/value pair to a Dictionary object. This step is optional if you already know the key values and will add them directly in step 7.
```
Dictionary<string, object> propertyValues = new Dictionary<string, object>();
foreach (CimPropertyDeclaration keyProperty in keyProperties)
{
  Console.Write(String.Format("Please type Key value for Property '{0}' of Type:({1}): ",
                              keyProperty.Name, keyProperty.CimType));
  propertyValues.Add(keyProperty.Name, Console.ReadLine());
}
```

Add each property key and value obtained in the previous step to the "search instance".

if (propertyValues != null &amp;&amp; propertyValues.Count > 0)
{
  foreach (var property in propertyValues)
  {
    searchInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add(CimProperty.Create(property.Key, property.Value, CimFlags.Key));
  }
}

Once the "search instance" is populated, call the CimSession.GetInstance method to retrieve the instanced identified by the specified key values.

if (searchInstance != null)
{
  CimInstance cimInstance = cimSession.GetInstance(cimNamespace, searchInstance);

  // Use the instance
  Console.WriteLine("Process name: {0}", 
                    cimInstance.CimInstanceProperties["Name"].Value.ToString());
}

Example

The following code sample enables the user to specify the desired key for the Win32_Process class (which represents active processes) on the local machine, and if found, prints the name of process.

Note

In a real application you would define as parameters the computer name ("localhost"), CIM namespace ("root\cimv2"), and class name ("Win32_Process"). For purposes of simplicity, these have been hardcoded in this example.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure;
using System.Linq;

public partial class MI
{
    static Dictionary<string, object> GetKeyPropertiesAndValues(CimSession cimSession, string cimNamespace, string cimClassName)
    {
        Dictionary<string, object> propertyValues = new Dictionary<string, object>();

        CimClass cimClass = cimSession.GetClass(cimNamespace, cimClassName);
        var keyProperties = from p in cimClass.CimClassProperties 
                            where ((p.Flags & CimFlags.Key) == CimFlags.Key) 
                            select p;

        foreach (CimPropertyDeclaration keyProperty in keyProperties)
        {
            Console.Write(String.Format("Please type Key value for Property '{0}' of Type:({1}): ",
                                        keyProperty.Name, keyProperty.CimType));
            propertyValues.Add(keyProperty.Name, Console.ReadLine());
        }

        return propertyValues;
    }
    static CimInstance CreateSearchInstance(CimSession cimSession, string cimNamespace, string cimClassName)
    {
        CimInstance searchInstance = new CimInstance(cimClassName);

        Dictionary<string, object> propertyValues = GetKeyPropertiesAndValues(cimSession, cimNamespace, cimClassName);
        if (propertyValues != null &amp;&amp; propertyValues.Count > 0)
        {
            foreach (var property in propertyValues)
            {
                searchInstance.CimInstanceProperties.Add(CimProperty.Create(property.Key, 
                                                                            property.Value, 
                                                                            CimFlags.Key));
            }
        }

        return searchInstance;
    }

    public static void GetInstance()
    {
        string cimNamespace = @"root\cimv2";
        string cimClassName = "Win32_Process";

        try
        {
            CimSession cimSession = CimSession.Create("localhost");
            CimInstance searchInstance = CreateSearchInstance(cimSession, cimNamespace, cimClassName);
            if (searchInstance != null)
            {
                CimInstance cimInstance = cimSession.GetInstance(cimNamespace, searchInstance);

                // Use the instance
                Console.WriteLine("Process name: {0}", 
                                  cimInstance.CimInstanceProperties["Name"].Value.ToString());
            }
        }
        catch (CimException ex) 
        { 
            // Handle the exception as appropriate.
            // This example prints the message.
            Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); 
        }
    }
}

共用方式為

How to: Get a Specific Instance of a Class (C#)

Step-by-step Instructions

Example

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