Async.FromBeginEnd<'T> 方法 (F#)
在 CLI API 內使用的樣式中，建立關於 Begin/End 動作組的非同步計算。
**命名空間/模組路徑：**Microsoft.FSharp.Control
組件：FSharp.Core (在 FSharp.Core.dll 中)
// Signature:
static member FromBeginEnd : (AsyncCallback * obj -> IAsyncResult) * (IAsyncResult -> 'T) * ?(unit -> unit) -> Async<'T>
// Usage:
Async.FromBeginEnd (beginAction, endAction)
Async.FromBeginEnd (beginAction, endAction, cancelAction = cancelAction)
參數
beginAction
型別：AsyncCallback * obj -> IAsyncResult會起始傳統 CLI 非同步作業的函式。
endAction
型別：IAsyncResult -> 'T會完成傳統 CLI 非同步作業的函式。
cancelAction
型別：(unit -> unit)取消作業的要求提出後要執行的選擇性函式。
傳回值
用於包裝指定之 Begin/End 函式的非同步計算。
備註
例如，下列程式碼會建立包裝 Web 服務呼叫的非同步計算。
Async.FromBeginEnd(ws.BeginGetWeather,ws.EndGetWeather)
當計算執行時，會透過表示計算之接續的回呼來執行 beginFunc。叫用回呼時，會使用 endFunc 擷取整體結果。
計算會在等待作業完成期間回應取消。如果發生取消而且已指定 cancelAction，便會執行取消作業，而且計算作業會繼續等待作業完成。如果未指定 cancelAction，則取消作業會導致計算作業立即停止，並且忽略回呼的後續引動過程。
範例
下列程式碼範例示範如何從使用 Begin/End 模式的 .NET 非同步 API 中建立 F# 非同步計算。此範例會使用 System.Net.Sockets 中的 .NET 通訊端 API。它是接受連接，從用戶端接收的資料，並傳送回應的一個簡單的伺服器應用程式的實作。
module SocketServer =
open System.Net
open System.Net.Sockets
open System.Collections.Generic
let toIList<'T> (data : 'T array) =
let segment = new System.ArraySegment<'T>(data)
let data = new List<System.ArraySegment<'T>>() :> IList<System.ArraySegment<'T>>
data.Add(segment)
data
type Socket with
member this.MyAcceptAsync() =
Async.FromBeginEnd((fun (callback, state) -> this.BeginAccept(callback, state)),
this.EndAccept)
member this.MyConnectAsync(ipAddress : IPAddress, port : int) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(ipAddress, port,
(fun (ipAddress:IPAddress, port, callback, state) ->
this.BeginConnect(ipAddress, port, callback, state)),
this.EndConnect)
member this.MySendAsync(data : byte array, flags : SocketFlags) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(toIList data, flags,
(fun (data : IList<System.ArraySegment<byte>>,
flags : SocketFlags, callback, state) ->
this.BeginSend(data, flags, callback, state)),
this.EndSend)
member this.MyReceiveAsync(data : byte array, flags : SocketFlags) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(toIList data, flags,
(fun (data : IList<System.ArraySegment<byte>>,
flags : SocketFlags, callback, state) ->
this.BeginReceive(data, flags, callback, state)),
this.EndReceive)
let port = 11000
let socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
let ipHostInfo = Dns.Resolve(Dns.GetHostName())
let localIPAddress = ipHostInfo.AddressList.[0]
let localEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(localIPAddress, port)
socket.Bind(localEndPoint)
let connectSendReceive (socket : Socket) =
async {
do! socket.MyConnectAsync(ipHostInfo.AddressList.[0], 11000)
let buffer1 = [| 0uy .. 255uy |]
let buffer2 = Array.zeroCreate<byte> 255
let flags = new SocketFlags()
let! flag = socket.MySendAsync(buffer1, flags)
let! result = socket.MyReceiveAsync(buffer2, flags)
return buffer2
}
let acceptReceiveSend (socket : Socket) =
async {
printfn "Listening..."
socket.Listen(10)
printfn "Accepting..."
let! socket = socket.MyAcceptAsync()
let buffer1 = Array.zeroCreate<byte> 256
let flags = new SocketFlags()
printfn "Receiving..."
let! nBytes = socket.MyReceiveAsync(buffer1, flags)
printfn "Received %d bytes from client computer." nBytes
let buffer2 = Array.rev buffer1
printfn "Sending..."
let! flag = socket.MySendAsync(buffer2, flags)
printfn "Completed."
return buffer2
}
let taskServer = Async.StartAsTask(acceptReceiveSend(socket))
taskServer.Wait()
socket.Close()
Output
下列程式碼範例顯示可與上述範例中的伺服器程式碼一起使用的用戶端程式碼。
module SocketClient =
open System.Net
open System.Net.Sockets
open System.Collections.Generic
let toIList<'T> (data : 'T array) =
let segment = new System.ArraySegment<'T>(data)
let data = new List<System.ArraySegment<'T>>() :> IList<System.ArraySegment<'T>>
data.Add(segment)
data
type Socket with
member this.MyAcceptAsync(receiveSize) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(receiveSize,
(fun (receiveSize, callback, state) ->
this.BeginAccept(receiveSize, callback, state)),
this.EndConnect)
member this.MyConnectAsync(ipAddress : IPAddress, port : int) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(ipAddress, port,
(fun (ipAddress:IPAddress, port, callback, state) ->
this.BeginConnect(ipAddress, port, callback, state)),
this.EndConnect)
member this.MySendAsync(data, flags : SocketFlags) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(toIList data, flags,
(fun (data : IList<System.ArraySegment<byte>>,
flags : SocketFlags, callback, state) ->
this.BeginSend(data, flags, callback, state)),
this.EndSend)
member this.MyReceiveAsync(data, flags : SocketFlags) =
Async.FromBeginEnd(toIList data, flags,
(fun (data : IList<System.ArraySegment<byte>>,
flags : SocketFlags, callback, state) ->
this.BeginReceive(data, flags, callback, state)),
this.EndReceive)
let port = 11000
let socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp)
let ipHostEntry = Dns.Resolve("hostname.contoso.com")
printfn "Server address: %s" (ipHostEntry.AddressList.[0].ToString())
let connectSendReceive (socket : Socket) =
async {
do! socket.MyConnectAsync(ipHostEntry.AddressList.[0], 11000)
printfn "Connected to remote host."
let buffer1 = [| 0uy .. 255uy |]
let buffer2 = Array.zeroCreate<byte> 255
let flags = new SocketFlags()
printfn "Sending data..."
let! flag = socket.MySendAsync(buffer1, flags)
printfn "Receiving data..."
let! result = socket.MyReceiveAsync(buffer2, flags)
printfn "Received data from remote host."
return buffer2
}
let acceptReceiveSend (socket : Socket) =
async {
socket.Listen(1)
do! socket.MyAcceptAsync(256)
let buffer1 = Array.zeroCreate<byte> 255
let flags = new SocketFlags()
let! flag = socket.MyReceiveAsync(buffer1, flags)
let buffer2 = Array.rev buffer1
let! flag = socket.MySendAsync(buffer2, flags)
return buffer2
}
let taskClient = Async.StartAsTask(connectSendReceive(socket))
taskClient.Wait()
taskClient.Result |> Array.iter (fun elem -> printf "%d " elem)
範例輸出
平台
Windows 8 中， Windows 7， Windows Server 2012 上， Windows Server 2008 R2
版本資訊
F# 核心程式庫版本
支援版本:2.0， 4.0，可攜式執行檔 (PE)。