pop_heap
從堆疊的最上層移除最大的元素至下) 表示範圍中的最後位置然後構成從其餘項目的新的堆積。
template<class RandomAccessIterator>
void pop_heap(
RandomAccessIterator _First,
RandomAccessIterator _Last
);
template<class RandomAccessIterator, class BinaryPredicate>
void pop_heap(
RandomAccessIterator _First,
RandomAccessIterator _Last,
BinaryPredicate _Comp
);
參數
_First
解決的隨機存取 Iterator 的第一個項目位置在堆疊的頂端。_Last
解決的隨機存取 Iterator 超過最後一個項目的位置是在堆疊的頂端。_Comp
定義感受遠遠之使用者定義的述詞函式物件哪一個項目小於另一個。一個二進位述詞採用兩個引數並傳回 true ,當內容和 false ,則內容。
備註
pop_heap 演算法是 push_heap 演算法所執行作業的相反,在下面的項目-範圍中的最後位置加入至包含先前的項目堆疊在範圍,在此案例中,當加入至堆疊的元素大於任何項目已經在堆疊時。
中有兩個屬性:
第一個項目永遠是最大。
項目在某個時間可能會加入或移除。
堆疊是理想的方式實作優先權佇列,並且可用於標準樣板程式庫 (STL) 容器配置器 priority_queue 類別的實作。
參考的範圍必須是有效的,任何指標必須 dereferenceable,並在序列中最後一個位置開始可取得的會增加。
除了新加入的元素範圍會在結尾必須是堆疊。
複雜度是對數的需求,最多只記錄 (_Last – _First) 比較。
範例
// alg_pop_heap.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
int main( ) {
using namespace std;
vector <int> v1;
vector <int>::iterator Iter1, Iter2;
int i;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= 9 ; i++ )
v1.push_back( i );
// Make v1 a heap with default less than ordering
random_shuffle( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ) );
make_heap ( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ) );
cout << "The heaped version of vector v1 is ( " ;
for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
cout << *Iter1 << " ";
cout << ")." << endl;
// Add an element to the back of the heap
v1.push_back( 10 );
push_heap( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ) );
cout << "The reheaped v1 with 10 added is ( " ;
for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
cout << *Iter1 << " ";
cout << ")." << endl;
// Remove the largest element from the heap
pop_heap( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ) );
cout << "The heap v1 with 10 removed is ( " ;
for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
cout << *Iter1 << " ";
cout << ")." << endl << endl;
// Make v1 a heap with greater-than ordering with a 0 element
make_heap ( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ), greater<int>( ) );
v1.push_back( 0 );
push_heap( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ), greater<int>( ) );
cout << "The 'greater than' reheaped v1 puts the smallest "
<< "element first:\n ( " ;
for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
cout << *Iter1 << " ";
cout << ")." << endl;
// Application of pop_heap to remove the smallest element
pop_heap( v1.begin( ), v1.end( ), greater<int>( ) );
cout << "The 'greater than' heaped v1 with the smallest element\n "
<< "removed from the heap is: ( " ;
for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
cout << *Iter1 << " ";
cout << ")." << endl;
}
範例輸出
The heaped version of vector v1 is ( 9 5 8 4 1 6 7 2 3 ).
The reheaped v1 with 10 added is ( 10 9 8 4 5 6 7 2 3 1 ).
The heap v1 with 10 removed is ( 9 5 8 4 1 6 7 2 3 10 ).
The 'greater than' reheaped v1 puts the smallest element first:
( 0 1 6 3 2 8 7 4 9 10 5 ).
The 'greater than' heaped v1 with the smallest element
removed from the heap is: ( 1 2 6 3 5 8 7 4 9 10 0 ).
需求
標題: <algorithm>
命名空間: std