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SQL: SQL and C++ Data Types (ODBC)

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The latest version of this topic can be found at SQL: SQL and C++ Data Types (ODBC).

NOTE]

This information applies to the MFC ODBC classes. If you are working with the MFC DAO classes, see the topic "Comparison of Microsoft Jet Database Engine SQL and ANSI SQL" in DAO Help.

The following table maps ANSI SQL data types to C++ data types. This augments the C language information given in Appendix D of the ODBC SDK Programmer's Reference on the MSDN Library CD. The wizards manage most data type mapping for you. If you do not use a wizard, you can use the mapping information to help you write the field exchange code manually.

ANSI SQL Data Types Mapped to C++ Data Types

ANSI SQL data type C++ data type
CHAR CString
DECIMAL CString 1
SMALLINT int
REAL float
INTEGER long
FLOAT double
DOUBLE double
NUMERIC CString 1
VARCHAR CString
LONGVARCHAR CLongBinary, CString 2
BIT BOOL
TINYINT BYTE
BIGINT CString 1
BINARY CByteArray
VARBINARY CByteArray
LONGVARBINARY CLongBinary, CByteArray 3
DATE CTime, CString
TIME CTime, CString
TIMESTAMP CTime, CString

  1. ANSI DECIMAL and NUMERIC map to CString because SQL_C_CHAR is the default ODBC transfer type.

  2. Character data beyond 255 characters is truncated by default when mapped to CString. You can extend the truncation length by explicitly setting the nMaxLength argument of RFX_Text.

  3. Binary data beyond 255 characters is truncated by default when mapped to CByteArray. You can extend the truncation length by explicitly setting the nMaxLength argument of RFX_Binary.

If you are not using the ODBC cursor library, you might encounter a problem when attempting to update two or more long variable-length fields using the Microsoft SQL Server ODBC driver and the MFC ODBC database classes. The ODBC types, SQL_LONGVARCHAR and SQL_LONGVARBINARY, map to text and image SQL Server types. A CDBException is thrown if you update two or more long variable-length fields on the same call to CRecordset::Update. Therefore, do not update multiple long columns simultaneously with CRecordset::Update. You can update multiple long columns simultaneously with the ODBC API SQLPutData. You can also use the ODBC cursor library, but this is not recommended for drivers, like the SQL Server driver, that support cursors and do not need the cursor library.

If you are using the ODBC cursor library with the MFC ODBC database classes and the Microsoft SQL Server ODBC driver, an ASSERT might occur along with a CDBException if a call to CRecordset::Update follows a call to CRecordset::Requery. Instead, call CRecordset::Close and CRecordset::Open rather than CRecordset::Requery. Another solution is not to use the ODBC cursor library, because the SQL Server and the SQL Server ODBC driver provide native support for cursors natively and the ODBC cursor library is not needed.

See Also

SQL
SQL: Making Direct SQL Calls (ODBC)