uniform_int_distribution 類別
在輸出範圍 (內含-內含) 內,產生統一 (每個值的可能性相等) 整數分佈。
template<class IntType = int> class uniform_int_distribution { public: // types typedef IntType result_type; struct param_type; // constructors and reset functions explicit uniform_int_distribution(IntType a = 0, IntType b = numeric_limits<IntType>::max()); explicit uniform_int_distribution(const param_type& parm); void reset(); // generating functions template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& gen); template<class URNG> result_type operator()(URNG& gen, const param_type& parm); // property functions result_type a() const; result_type b() const; param_type param() const; void param(const param_type& parm); result_type min() const; result_type max() const; };
參數
- IntType
整數結果類型,預設值為 int。 如需可能的類型,請參閱 <random>。
備註
此範本類別描述內含-內含分佈,其可透過分佈產生使用者指定的整數類型值,讓每個值的可能性相等。 下表提供各個成員的文章連結。
uniform_int_distribution::a |
uniform_int_distribution::param |
|
uniform_int_distribution::operator() |
uniform_int_distribution::b |
屬性成員 a() 會傳回目前儲存的分佈下限,而 b() 會傳回目前儲存的上限。 對於此分佈類別,這些下限和上限值和一般屬性函式 min() 及 max() (敘述於 <random> 主題中) 所傳回的一樣。
如需分佈類別及其成員的詳細資訊,請參閱 <random>。
範例
// compile with: /EHsc /W4
#include <random>
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <map>
void test(const int a, const int b, const int s) {
// uncomment to use a non-deterministic seed
// std::random_device rd;
// std::mt19937 gen(rd());
std::mt19937 gen(1729);
std::uniform_int_distribution<> distr(a, b);
std::cout << "lower bound == " << distr.a() << std::endl;
std::cout << "upper bound == " << distr.b() << std::endl;
// generate the distribution as a histogram
std::map<int, int> histogram;
for (int i = 0; i < s; ++i) {
++histogram[distr(gen)];
}
// print results
std::cout << "Distribution for " << s << " samples:" << std::endl;
for (const auto& elem : histogram) {
std::cout << std::setw(5) << elem.first << ' ' << std::string(elem.second, ':') << std::endl;
}
std::cout << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
int a_dist = 1;
int b_dist = 10;
int samples = 100;
std::cout << "Use CTRL-Z to bypass data entry and run using default values." << std::endl;
std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the lower bound of the distribution: ";
std::cin >> a_dist;
std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the upper bound of the distribution: ";
std::cin >> b_dist;
std::cout << "Enter an integer value for the sample count: ";
std::cin >> samples;
test(a_dist, b_dist, samples);
}
輸出
需求
標頭:<random>
命名空間: std