Run a semantic work item search in Azure Boards and Azure DevOps

發行項
10/26/2021

TFS 2017 | TFS 2015 | TFS 2013

You can run a powerful semantic search from the web portal for Azure DevOps Services or TFS 2017.2 or later versions when the server instance has been configured with the work item search extension.

For TFS 2017.1 and earlier versions, or where the work item search extension hasn't been configured, you can run semantic searches. With semantic search, you search against a fully indexed set of fields.

Tip

If semantic search has been configured, you'll notice that the search box moves into the blue bar as shown in the following image.

Start a semantic search for work items

With semantic search you can search:

Across one or more projects
Across all work item fields using free text
Against specific work item fields

Free text search easily searches across all work item fields, including custom fields, which enables more natural searches. Search results are displayed in a snippet view where the search matches found are highlighted. Semantic search also integrates with work item tracking, providing familiar controls to view, edit, comment, and share information within a work item form.

Choose any Boards page, enter a keyword or phrase in the search box, and press Enter or choose the start search icon.
Search results are displayed in a snippet view where the matches found are shown in bold.

This search is a full text search that uses simple search strings for words or phrases. Work item search matches derived forms of your search terms; for example, a search for "updating" will also find instances of the word "updated" and "update". Searches aren't case-sensitive.
Select a snippet of a work item to display it in the right window.

Open the search results in a new browser tab from a search box by pressing Ctrl + Enter or by holding Ctrl and clicking the icon. In Google Chrome, press Ctrl + Shift + Enter to switch the focus to the new browser tab.

TFS 2017 and TFS 2018

In the search box, check that the text says Search work items. If it doesn't, use the selector to select it.
Enter a search string in the text box, and press Enter (or choose the icon) to start your search.
Search results are displayed in a snippet view where the matches found are shown in bold.

This search is a full text search that uses simple search strings for words or phrases. Work item search matches derived forms of your search terms; for example, a search for "updating" will also find instances of the word "updated" and "update". Searches aren't case-sensitive.
Select a snippet of a work item to display it in the right window.

Open the search results in a new browser tab from a search box by pressing Ctrl + Enter or by holding Ctrl and clicking the icon. In Google Chrome, press Ctrl + Shift + Enter to switch the focus to the new browser tab.

Fine-tune semantic search results

Fine-tune your search by specifying the fields to search. Enter a: and a user name to search for all items assigned to that user.

The quick filters you can use are:
- a: for Assigned to:
- c: for Created by:
- s: for State
- t: for Work item type
Start typing the name of a field in your work items; for example, type ta.

The dropdown list shows work item field name suggestions that match user input and help the user to complete the search faster. For example, a search such as tags:Critical finds all work items tagged "Critical".
Add more filters to further narrow your search, and use Boolean operators to combine terms if necessary. For example, a: Chris t: Bug s: Active finds all active bugs assigned to a user named "Chris".
Narrow your search to specific types and states, by using the drop-down selector lists at the top of the results page.

TFS 2018

Fine-tune your search by specifying the fields to search. Enter a: and a user name to search for all items assigned to that user.

The quick filters you can use are:
- a: for Assigned to:
- c: for Created by:
- s: for State
- t: for Work item type
Start typing the name of a field in your work items; for example, type ta.

The dropdown list shows work item field name suggestions that match user input and help the user to complete the search faster. For example, a search such as tags:Critical finds all work items tagged "Critical".
Add more filters to further narrow your search, and use Boolean operators to combine terms if necessary. For example, a: Chris t: Bug s: Active finds all active bugs assigned to a user named "Chris".
Narrow your search to specific types and states, by using the drop-down selector lists at the top of the results page.

TFS 2017 and below

Semantic search isn't supported for TFS 2017.1 and earlier versions. You can still run searches using an improvised search.

Start an improvised search and use shortcut filters

For TFS 2017.1 and earlier versions, you can run improvised searches from the web portal or from Visual Studio Team Explorer. Improvised searches automatically scope to the items defined to the project you're currently connected to.

You can enter or select one or more of the following shortcut identifiers:

A =for Assigned To, (for example, A:Annie or A=@me)
C for = Created By, (for example, C:Peter or C=@me)
S for = State, (for example, S=New)
T for = Work Item Type, (for example, T=Task).

Use the @Me and @Today macros to specify your user name or today's date.

Use the =, :, and - operators to specify the operations Equals, Contains, and Not, respectively.

From the web portal

Improvised search isn't available from Azure DevOps Services. Only semantic search.

TFS 2018 and TFS 2019

From Visual Studio Team Explorer

Open the context menu and select an option.

Finding work items using the search box (Team Explorer)

You can combine shortcuts and use search operators within the search box.

Use the Clear button to remove content from the search box. To switch your context to the search box from within Visual Studio, enter Ctrl+'.

Find items based on keywords or phrases

Keywords or phrases that you type into the search box return a list of work items that contain those keywords or phrases in the Description, Repro Steps, or Title fields. Enclose each phrase in quotation marks.

In the Search work items box, type a keyword or phrase that appears in the Title, Description, or Repro Steps fields for the work items of interest.

Enclose multiple words in quotation marks.

For example, to find work items with the specified keywords in the Title or Description fields:

For the keyword "duplication", enter duplication.
For the phrase "Getting Started", enter "Getting Started".
For the phrase "Getting Started" or the keyword "feature", enter feature "Getting Started".

Filter for items that contain these keywords or phrases:	Type the following string:
Duplication	`duplication`
Getting Started	`"Getting Started"`
Feature and Getting Started	`feature "Getting Started"`

You can run partial or exact match queries on a keyword or a phrase contained within any text field. Or, you can run a full-text search query by filtering on keywords and phrases contained within the full-text search index. Team Foundation automatically indexes all long-text fields with a data type of PlainText and HTML and the Title field for full-text search.

Find items based on specific fields and field values

To find work items based on a keyword or phrase contained within other text string fields, specify either the friendly name or the reference name of the field. Enclose each phrase in quotation marks. You can determine the friendly name of a field by hovering over the field within a work item form. To determine the reference name of commonly used fields or to find a field that isn't listed on the form, see Work item field index.

Filter for items that meet this criteria:	Type the following string:
Contains one attached file.	`System.AttachedFileCount=1`
Cut user stories.	`T:Story Reason=Cut` Or `T="User Story" System.Reason=Cut`
Resolved by Peter.	`"Resolved By":Peter` Or `Microsoft.VSTS.Common.ResolvedBy:Peter`
Modified today.	`"Changed Date"=@Today`
Created yesterday as a test activity.	`"Created Date"=@Today-1 Activity=Test`

Note

Some fields, such as History and Description, do not support partial word text searches. For example, if the History field contains the phrase reproducible behavior and you search for History:repro the work item will not be found. However, if you search for the complete string History:reproducible the work item will be found.

Use @Me or @Today macros

The @Me macro expands to the full name of the current user in any work item search. The @Me macro is especially useful for creating a search that you can share with other users, and it can simplify your work by reducing the number of characters you must type to specify your own user name. For a description of all macros, see Query fields, operators, and macros, Query macros or variables.

Filter for

Type the following string

Currently assigned to you

A=@Me

Created by you

C=@Me

Resolved yesterday

Resolved Date=@Today-1

Modified seven days ago

System.ChangedDate=@Today-7

Created yesterday under the Phone Saver team

Created Date=@Today-1 And Area Path=FabrikamFiber\Phone Saver

Use Equals, Contains, and Not operators

Use the following search operators to specify search criteria:

= (EQUALS) to search for exact matches of text.
: (CONTAINS) to search for partial matches of text.
- (NOT) to exclude work items that contain certain text. The NOT operator can only be used with field names.

The following examples show how to use operators when you create a search string.

Filter for items that meet this criteria:	Type the following string:
Assigned to Peter and not Active.	`A:Peter -S=Active`
In which the Activity field wasn't `Development`.	`- Activity=Development`
Resolved by Peter.	`"Resolved By":Peter`
Contain the keyword `triage` in the title or description, aren't assigned to you, and aren't closed.	`triage -A=@me -S=Closed`
Active bugs that are assigned to you that don't contain the keyword `bugbash` in the title.	`S=Active T=bug A=@Me -Title:bugbash`

Q & A

A: No. The search box doesn't recognize comparison operators such as greater than (>) or less than (<). It translates queries with these operators into a search phrase.

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Run a semantic work item search in Azure Boards and Azure DevOps