Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult
取得 SQL 弱點評估掃描結果。
語法
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult
[-ScanId <String>]
[-RuleId <String>]
-ResourceId <String>
-WorkspaceId <String>
-Server <String>
-Database <String>
[-DefaultProfile <IAzureContextContainer>]
[<CommonParameters>] Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult
[-ScanId <String>]
[-RuleId <String>]
-WorkspaceId <String>
-Server <String>
-Database <String>
-ComputerName <String>
-VmUuid <String>
-AgentId <String>
-WorkspaceResourceId <String>
[-DefaultProfile <IAzureContextContainer>]
[<CommonParameters>] Description
取得 SQL 弱點評估掃描結果。
範例
範例 1：從 SQL Database 上的最新掃描取得所有結果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -WorkspaceResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace -ComputerName ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com -AgentId 49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2 -VmUuid 4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master
RuleId : VA1017
Status : NonFinding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {}
Remediation : {
Revoke EXECUTE permission on xp_cmdshell to all users (except dbo)
IsAutomated: False
Portal Link:
Script:
{}
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA1017
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: NegativeList
Title: Execute permissions on xp_cmdshell from all users (except dbo) should be revoked.
Description: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure spawns a Windows command shell, passing in a string for execution. This rule checks that no users (except users with the CONTROL SERVER permission like members of the sysadmin server role) have permission to execute the xp_cmdshell ext
ended stored procedure.
Rationale: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure is a very powerful tool, but because of that, it is crucial that access to xp_cmdshell be tightly controlled. By default, only users with the CONTROL SERVER permission like members of the sysadmin server role can execute this extended
stored procedure. When first enabled, xp_cmdshell has the same security context as the SQL Server service account. The SQL Server service account is often more privileged than necessary for the work being performed by the process created by xp_cmdshell. As such, malicious users can attempt
to elevate their privileges by using xp_cmdshell. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/xp-cmdshell-transact-sql for more information on xp_cmdshell.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT dpr.name AS [Principal] FROM sys.database_permissions AS dp JOIN sys.database_principals AS dpr ON dp.grantee_principal_id = dpr.principal_id WHERE major_id = OBJECT_ID('xp_cmdshell') AND dp.[type] = 'EX' AND [state] IN ( 'G' ,'W' )
Column Names:
Expected Results:
{}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332/sqlServe
rs/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/default/scans/bdbdf860-5d58-464b-ad9a-0125af63c162/scanResults/VA1017
Name : VA1017
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults
RuleId : VA1018
Status : Finding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {True}
Remediation : {
Install the latest SQL Server CU corresponding to your version of SQL Server. Go to https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/sqlserver/ff803383.aspx to find and download the required CU.
IsAutomated: True
Portal Link:
Script:
{}
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA1018
Severity: High
Category: InstallationUpdatesAndPatches
Rule type: Binary
Title: Latest updates should be installed
Description: Microsoft periodically releases Cumulative Updates (CUs) for each version of SQL Server. This rule checks whether the latest CU has been installed for the particular version of SQL Server being used.
Rationale: Running with the latest Cumulative Updates (CU) for any particular version of SQL Server is important as these CU are a collection of all available patches up-to-date, including all known security fixes. Microsoft officially recommends ongoing, proactive installation of SQL
Server CUs as they become available.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT CASE WHEN Serverproperty('ProductVersion') >= '14.0.3356.20' THEN 0 ELSE 1 END AS [Violation]
Column Names:
Violation
Expected Results:
{False}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: CIS
Reference: v1.0.0-08-11-2017:1.1
}, {
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
...在此範例中，當規則標識碼未指定所有掃描結果時，都會針對使用中的掃描標識碼傳回所有掃描結果。
範例 2：取得 SQL Database 上具有掃描標識碼的所有結果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -WorkspaceResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace -ComputerName ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com -AgentId 49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2 -VmUuid 4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master -ScanId 7db278d4-4629-4f75-ae0b-9c0e3d3b0816
RuleId : VA1017
Status : NonFinding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {}
Remediation : {
Revoke EXECUTE permission on xp_cmdshell to all users (except dbo)
IsAutomated: False
Portal Link:
Script:
{}
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA1017
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: NegativeList
Title:
Execute permissions on xp_cmdshell from all users (except dbo) should be revoked.
Description: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure spawns a Windows command shell, passin
g in a string for execution. This rule checks that no users (except users with the CONTROL SER
VER permission like members of the sysadmin server role) have permission to execute the xp_cmd
shell extended stored procedure.
Rationale: The xp_cmdshell extended stored procedure is a very powerful tool, but because o
f that, it is crucial that access to xp_cmdshell be tightly controlled. By default, only
users with the CONTROL SERVER permission like members of the sysadmin server role can execute
this extended stored procedure. When first enabled, xp_cmdshell has the same security context
as the SQL Server service account. The SQL Server service account is often more privileged tha
n necessary for the work being performed by the process created by xp_cmdshell. As such, malic
ious users can attempt to elevate their privileges by using xp_cmdshell. See https://docs.micr
osoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/system-stored-procedures/xp-cmdshell-transact-sql for
more information on xp_cmdshell.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT dpr.name AS [Principal] FROM sys.database_permissions AS dp JOIN
sys.database_principals AS dpr ON dp.grantee_principal_id = dpr.principal_id WHERE
major_id = OBJECT_ID('xp_cmdshell') AND dp.[type] = 'EX' AND [state] IN ( 'G'
,'W' )
Column Names:
Expected Results:
{}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/micr
osoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeas
t.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332
/sqlServers/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAsses
sments/default/scans/7db278d4-4629-4f75-ae0b-9c0e3d3b0816/scanResults/VA1017
Name : VA1017
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults
...範例 3：從 SQL Database 的最新掃描取得特定規則的結果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -WorkspaceResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace -ComputerName ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com -AgentId 49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2 -VmUuid 4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master -RuleId "VA2108"
RuleId : VA2108
Status : Finding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {dbo db_owner SQL_USER}
Remediation : {
Remove members who should not have access to the database role
IsAutomated: True
Portal Link:
Script:
ALTER ROLE [db_owner] DROP MEMBER [dbo]
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {
Status: Finding
Results not in baseline:
{dbo, db_owner, SQL_USER}
Results only in baseline:
{dbo, db_owner1, SQL_USER}
Baseline:
{
Update Time: 3/24/2021 3:59:39 PM
Expected Results:
{dbo, db_owner1, SQL_USER}}
}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA2108
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: BaselineExpected
Title: Minimal set of principals should be members of fixed high impact database roles
Description: SQL Server provides roles to help manage the permissions. Roles are security principals that group other principals. Database-level roles are database-wide in their permission scope. This rule checks that a minimal set of principals are members of the fixed database roles.
Rationale: Fixed database roles may have administrative permissions on the system. Following the principle of least privilege, it is important to minimize membership in fixed database roles and keep a baseline of these memberships. See
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/database-level-roles for additional information on database roles.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT user_name(sr.member_principal_id) as [Principal] ,user_name(sr.role_principal_id) as [Role] ,type_desc as [Principal Type] FROM sys.database_role_members AS sr INNER JOIN sys.database_principals sp ON sp.principal_id = sr.member_principal_id WHERE sr.role_principal_id IN
(user_id('bulkadmin'), user_id('db_accessadmin'), user_id('db_securityadmin'), user_id('db_ddladmin'), user_id('db_backupoperator'),
user_id('db_owner'))
Column Names:
Principal, Role, Principal Type
Expected Results:
{}}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332/sqlServe
rs/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/default/scans/bdbdf860-5d58-464b-ad9a-0125af63c162/scanResults/VA2108
Name : VA2108
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults使用內部部署參數的範例。 未指定掃描標識碼，因此會取得最新結果。
範例 4：在 SQL Database 上使用掃描標識符參數取得特定規則的結果
Get-AzSecuritySqlVulnerabilityAssessmentScanResult -ResourceId /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onPremiseMachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeast.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332 -WorkspaceId ba7c9d0e-a6e3-4997-b575-cf7a18a98a49 -Server AHABASDEV01SRV -Database master -ScanId 5cded390-68c4-4f5b-9ce6-b8a7a12b288b -RuleId "VA2108"
RuleId : VA2108
Status : Finding
IsTrimmed : False
QueryResults : {dbo db_owner SQL_USER}
Remediation : {
Remove members who should not have access to the database role
IsAutomated: True
Portal Link:
Script:
ALTER ROLE [db_owner] DROP MEMBER [dbo]
}
BaselineAdjustedResult : {
Status: NonFinding
Results not in baseline:{}
Results only in baseline:{}
Baseline:
{
Update Time: 12/20/2020 3:33:31 PM
Expected Results:
{dbo, db_owner, SQL_USER}
}
}
RuleMetadata : {
Rule id: VA2108
Severity: High
Category: AuthenticationAndAuthorization
Rule type: BaselineExpected
Title: Minimal set of principals should be members of fixed high impact database roles
Description: SQL Server provides roles to help manage the permissions. Roles are security
principals that group other principals. Database-level roles are database-wide in their
permission scope. This rule checks that a minimal set of principals are members of the fixed
database roles.
Rationale: Fixed database roles may have administrative permissions on the system.
Following the principle of least privilege, it is important to minimize membership in fixed
database roles and keep a baseline of these memberships. See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/
sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/database-level-roles for additional
information on database roles.
Query check:
{
Query:
SELECT user_name(sr.member_principal_id) as [Principal] ,user_name(sr.role_principal_id)
as [Role] ,type_desc as [Principal Type] FROM sys.database_role_members AS sr INNER JOIN
sys.database_principals sp ON sp.principal_id = sr.member_principal_id WHERE
sr.role_principal_id IN (user_id('bulkadmin'),
user_id('db_accessadmin'), user_id('db_securityadmin'),
user_id('db_ddladmin'),
user_id('db_backupoperator'), user_id('db_owner'))
Column Names:
Principal, Role, Principal Type
Expected Results:
{}
}
Benchmark References:
{
Benchmark: FedRAMP
Reference:
}
}
Id : /subscriptions/f26d1f13-67d5-4ad6-9012-67ca12d2436f/resourcegroups/ahmadtesting/providers/micr
osoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/ahabas-workspace/onpremisemachines/ahabas-dev01.middleeas
t.corp.microsoft.com_49640166-652f-4ee6-b48b-cfb840b8afe2_4c4c4544-0030-4b10-8039-b8c04f4a3332
/sqlServers/AHABASDEV01SRV/databases/master/providers/Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAsses
sments/default/scans/5cded390-68c4-4f5b-9ce6-b8a7a12b288b/scanResults/VA2108
Name : VA2108
Type : Microsoft.Security/sqlVulnerabilityAssessments/scans/scanResults使用資源識別子參數集的範例。 支援的資源包括：
- ARC： /subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.HybridCompute/machines/{machineName}
- VM：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/{machineName}
- 內部部署：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/{workspaceName}/onPremiseMachines/{machineName}
參數
-AgentId
代理程式識別碼 - 內部部署參數
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-ComputerName
計算機完整名稱 - 內部部署參數
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-Database
資料庫名稱
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-DefaultProfile
用於與 Azure 通訊的認證、帳戶、租用戶和訂用帳戶。
| 類型: | IAzureContextContainer |
| 別名: | AzContext, AzureRmContext, AzureCredential |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | False |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-ResourceId
您要叫用命令之安全性資源的識別碼。
支援的資源包括：
- ARC： /subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.HybridCompute/machines/{machineName}
- VM：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/{machineName}
- 內部部署：/subscriptions/{subscriptionId}/resourceGroups/{resourceGroup}/providers/microsoft.operationalinsights/workspaces/{workspaceName}/onPremiseMachines/{machineName}
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-RuleId
弱點評量規則標識碼
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | False |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-ScanId
弱點評估掃描標識碼 - 使用 scanId = 'latest' 來取得最新的結果
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | False |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-Server
伺服器名稱
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-VmUuid
虛擬機器通用唯一識別碼 - 內部部署參數
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-WorkspaceId
工作區標識碼。
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
-WorkspaceResourceId
工作區資源識別碼 - 內部部署參數
| 類型: | String |
| Position: | Named |
| 預設值: | None |
| 必要: | True |
| 接受管線輸入: | False |
| 接受萬用字元: | False |
輸入
None
