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Search and replace text in a document part

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This topic shows how to use the classes in the Open XML SDK for Office to programmatically search and replace a text value in a word processing document.

Packages and Document Parts

An Open XML document is stored as a package, whose format is defined by ISO/IEC 29500-2. The package can have multiple parts with relationships between them. The relationship between parts controls the category of the document. A document can be defined as a word-processing document if its package-relationship item contains a relationship to a main document part. If its package-relationship item contains a relationship to a presentation part it can be defined as a presentation document. If its package-relationship item contains a relationship to a workbook part, it is defined as a spreadsheet document. In this how-to topic, you will use a word-processing document package.

Getting a WordprocessingDocument Object

In the sample code, you start by opening the word processing file by instantiating the WordprocessingDocument class as shown in the following using statement. In the same statement, you open the word processing file document by using the Open method, with the Boolean parameter set to true to enable editing the document.

    using (WordprocessingDocument wordDoc = 
            WordprocessingDocument.Open(document, true))
    {
        // Insert other code here.
    }

The using statement provides a recommended alternative to the typical .Open, .Save, .Close sequence. It ensures that the Dispose method (internal method used by the Open XML SDK to clean up resources) is automatically called when the closing brace is reached. The block that follows the using statement establishes a scope for the object that is created or named in the using statement, in this case wordDoc. Because the WordprocessingDocument class in the Open XML SDK automatically saves and closes the object as part of its System.IDisposable implementation, and because Dispose is automatically called when you exit the block, you do not have to explicitly call Save and Close─as long as you use using.

Sample Code

The following example demonstrates a quick and easy way to search and replace. It may not be reliable because it retrieves the XML document in string format. Depending on the regular expression you might unintentionally replace XML tags and corrupt the document. If you simply want to search a document, but not replace the contents you can use MainDocumentPart.Document.InnerText.

This example also shows how to use a regular expression to search and replace the text value, "Hello world!" stored in a word processing file named "MyPkg8.docx," with the value "Hi Everyone!". To call the method SearchAndReplace, you can use the following example.

    SearchAndReplace(@"C:\Users\Public\Documents\MyPkg8.docx");

After running the program, you can inspect the file to see the change in the text, "Hello world!"

The following is the complete sample code in both C# and Visual Basic.

using DocumentFormat.OpenXml.Packaging;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;

SearchAndReplace(args[0]);

// To search and replace content in a document part.
static void SearchAndReplace(string document)
{
    using (WordprocessingDocument wordDoc = WordprocessingDocument.Open(document, true))
    {
        string? docText = null;


        if (wordDoc.MainDocumentPart is null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("MainDocumentPart and/or Body is null.");
        }

        using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(wordDoc.MainDocumentPart.GetStream()))
        {
            docText = sr.ReadToEnd();
        }

        Regex regexText = new Regex("Hello world!");
        docText = regexText.Replace(docText, "Hi Everyone!");

        using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(wordDoc.MainDocumentPart.GetStream(FileMode.Create)))
        {
            sw.Write(docText);
        }
    }
}

See also

Regular Expressions