Azure 閘道子網的位址空間計算機

Azure 基礎結構服務中連線到其他網路的虛擬網路 (VNet) 必須有閘道子網。 定義閘道子網的最佳做法如下：

• 閘道子網的前置長度可以有 29 (的最大前置長度，例如 10.119.255.248/29) ，但目前的建議是您使用 27 (的前置長度，例如 10.119.255.224/27) 。
• 定義閘道子網的位址空間時，請使用 VNet 位址空間的最後一個部分。

針對第二個建議，您可以將用於閘道子網的位設定為 0，並將 VNet 位址空間中的剩餘位設定為 1，以判斷閘道子網的位址空間。 若要快速計算閘道子網位址空間，而不需要轉換成二進位，再轉換回十進位，您可以使用以 C# 或 Python 撰寫的主控台應用程式，或使用 PowerShell 命令區塊。

本文包含 C#、Python 和 PowerShell 程式碼區塊，這些區塊會根據 VNet 位址首碼和閘道子網前置長度的 w.x.y.z/n 值來計算閘道子網位址空間。

C# 程式碼區塊

使用此程式碼區塊以 C# 建立主控台應用程式。

using System; 
using System.Collections.Generic; 
using System.Linq; 
using System.Text; 
using System.Threading.Tasks; 
 
namespace ConsoleApplication1 
{ 
    class Program 
    { 
        static void Main(string[] args) 
        { 
            // Declare variables. 
            const long wOctet = 16777216;  
            const long xOctet = 65536; 
            const long yOctet = 256; 
            double D; 
            int w, x, y, z, vnetPrefLen, gwPrefLen; 
            long d, w2, x2, y2, z2; 
             
 
            // Get the five values needed from the keyboard. 
            Console.WriteLine("**************************************************************************"); 
            Console.WriteLine("*** Gateway subnet address space calculator for Azure virtual networks ***");             
            Console.WriteLine("**************************************************************************");  
            Console.WriteLine(); 
            Console.WriteLine("Please supply your virtual network address space in the form of w.x.y.z/n."); 
            Console.WriteLine(); 
            Console.WriteLine("w="); 
            w = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); 
            Console.WriteLine("x="); 
            x = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); 
            Console.WriteLine("y="); 
            y = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); 
            Console.WriteLine("z="); 
            z = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); 
            Console.WriteLine("n="); 
            vnetPrefLen = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); 
            Console.WriteLine(); 
            Console.WriteLine("Now supply the prefix length of your gateway subnet:"); 
            gwPrefLen = Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine()); 
            Console.WriteLine(); 
 
            // Perform the calculation. 
            D = w * wOctet + x * xOctet + y * yOctet + z; 
            for (int i = vnetPrefLen + 1; i < gwPrefLen + 1; i++) 
            { 
                D = D + Math.Pow(2, 32 - i); 
            } 
            d = Convert.ToInt64(D); 
            w2 = d / wOctet; 
            x2 = (d - w2 * wOctet) / xOctet;  
            y2 = (d - w2 * wOctet - x2 * xOctet) / yOctet; 
            z2 = d - w2 * wOctet - x2 * xOctet - y2 * yOctet; 
             
            // Display the result.             
            Console.WriteLine("**************************************************************************");  
            Console.WriteLine("For the Azure virtual address space {0}.{1}.{2}.{3}/{4}", w, x, y, z, vnetPrefLen); 
            Console.WriteLine("and gateway prefix length of {0}, the gateway subnet address space is:", gwPrefLen); 
            Console.WriteLine(); 
            Console.WriteLine("{0}.{1}.{2}.{3}/{4}", w2, x2, y2, z2, gwPrefLen); 
            Console.WriteLine(); 
            Console.WriteLine("Press ENTER to quit."); 
            Console.ReadLine(); 
        } 
    } 
} 

Python 程式碼區塊

使用此程式碼區塊在 Python 中建立主控台應用程式。

import math 
# Collect the values of w.x.y.z/n for your VNet address space and g, the prefix length of your gateway subnet 
print("**************************************************************************")  
print("*** Gateway subnet address space calculator for Azure virtual networks ***")  
print("**************************************************************************\n")   
print("Please supply your virtual network address space in the form of w.x.y.z/n.");  
w=int(input("w = ")) 
x=int(input("x = ")) 
y=int(input("y = ")) 
z=int(input("z = ")) 
n=int(input("n = ")) 
print("")  
g=int(input("Now supply the prefix length of your gateway subnet: ")) 
print("")  
 
# Calculate  
wOctet = 16777216  
xOctet = 65536  
yOctet = 256  
D = w * wOctet + x * xOctet + y * yOctet + z 
for index in range(n + 1,g + 1): 
    D += 2**(32 - index)  
 
w2 = math.floor(D / wOctet)  
x2 = math.floor((D - w2 * wOctet) / xOctet) 
y2 = math.floor((D - w2 * wOctet - x2 * xOctet) / yOctet) 
z2 = D - w2 * wOctet - x2 * xOctet - y2 * yOctet  
 
# Display the result  
gwAddrPref= "Your gateway address prefix is: " + str(w2) + "." + str(x2) + "." + str(y2) + "." + str(z2) + "/" + str(g)  
print(gwAddrPref) 

PowerShell 命令區塊

填入值，然後在 PowerShell 視窗或 PowerShell 整合式腳本環境 (ISE) 中執行產生的命令區塊。

# Specify the values of w.x.y.z/n for your VNet address space and g, the prefix length of your gateway subnet: 
$w= 
$x= 
$y= 
$z= 
$n= 
$g= 
# Calculate 
$wOctet = 16777216 
$xOctet = 65536 
$yOctet = 256 
[long]$D = $w * $wOctet + $x * $xOctet + $y * $yOctet + $z; 
for ($i = $n + 1; $i -lt $g + 1; $i++) 
{ 
$D = $D + [math]::pow(2, 32 - $i) 
} 
$w2 = [math]::floor($D / $wOctet) 
$x2 = [math]::floor( ($D - $w2 * $wOctet) / $xOctet ) 
$y2 = [math]::floor( ($D - $w2 * $wOctet - $x2 * $xOctet) / $yOctet ) 
$z2 = $D - $w2 * $wOctet - $x2 * $xOctet - $y2 * $yOctet 
# Display the result 
$dx= [string]$w2 + "." + [string]$x2 + "." + [string]$y2 + "." + [string]$z2 + "/" + [string]$g 
Write-Host "Your gateway address prefix is: " $dx

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