作法：使用程式碼發行服務的中繼資料

發行項
03/03/2024

在兩個討論如何發行 Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 服務中繼資料的使用指南主題中，這是其中一個。有兩種方法可以指定服務發行中繼資料的方式，分別是使用組態檔和使用程式碼。本主題說明如何使用程式碼發行服務的中繼資料。

警告

本主題將示範以不安全的方法發行中繼資料。任何用戶端都能從服務擷取中繼資料。若您的服務需要以安全的方法發行中繼資料。請參閱自訂安全中繼資料端點。

如需在組態檔中發佈中繼資料的詳細資訊，請參閱如何：使用組態檔發佈服務的中繼資料。發行中繼資料可讓用戶端透過 WS-Transfer GET 要求，或是透過使用 ?wsdl 查詢字串的 HTTP/GET 要求來擷取中繼資料。若要確定程式碼可以運作，您必須建立基本的 WCF 服務。下列程式碼提供您基本的自我裝載服務。

using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;

namespace Metadata.Samples
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface ISimpleService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string SimpleMethod(string msg);
    }

    class SimpleService : ISimpleService
    {
        public string SimpleMethod(string msg)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The caller passed in " + msg);
            return "Hello " + msg;
        }
    }

Imports System.Runtime.Serialization
Imports System.ServiceModel
Imports System.ServiceModel.Description

<ServiceContract()> _
Public Interface ISimpleService
    <OperationContract()> _
    Function SimpleMethod(ByVal msg As String) As String
End Interface

Class SimpleService
    Implements ISimpleService

    Public Function SimpleMethod(ByVal msg As String) As String Implements ISimpleService.SimpleMethod
        Console.WriteLine("The caller passed in " + msg)
        Return "Hello " + msg
    End Function
End Class

若要透過程式碼發行中繼資料

在主控台應用程式的 main 方法中，傳入服務類型與基底位址來產生 ServiceHost 物件。

ServiceHost svcHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(SimpleService), new Uri("http://localhost:8001/MetadataSample"));

Dim svcHost As New ServiceHost(GetType(SimpleService), New Uri("http://localhost:8001/MetadataSample"))

在步驟 1 的程式碼底下，立即建立 try 區塊，以便在執行服務時，攔截任何擲回的例外狀況。

try
{

Try

}
catch (CommunicationException commProblem)
{
    Console.WriteLine("There was a communication problem. " + commProblem.Message);
    Console.Read();
}

Catch commProblem As CommunicationException

    Console.WriteLine("There was a communication problem. " + commProblem.Message)
    Console.Read()
End Try

檢查服務主機是否已包含 ServiceMetadataBehavior，如果沒有的話，建立新的 ServiceMetadataBehavior 執行個體。

// Check to see if the service host already has a ServiceMetadataBehavior
ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Find<ServiceMetadataBehavior>();
// If not, add one
if (smb == null)
    smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();

'Check to see if the service host already has a ServiceMetadataBehavior
Dim smb As ServiceMetadataBehavior = svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Find(Of ServiceMetadataBehavior)()
'If not, add one
If (smb Is Nothing) Then
    smb = New ServiceMetadataBehavior()
End If

將 HttpGetEnabled 屬性設定為 true.

smb.HttpGetEnabled = true;

smb.HttpGetEnabled = True

ServiceMetadataBehavior 會包含 MetadataExporter 屬性。 MetadataExporter 會包含 PolicyVersion 屬性。將 PolicyVersion 屬性值設定為 Policy15。 PolicyVersion 屬性也可以設為 Policy12。一旦設為 Policy15，中繼資料匯出工具會使用符合 WS-Policy 1.5 的中繼資料來產生原則資訊。一旦設為 Policy12，中繼資料匯出工具會產生符合 WS-Policy 1.2 的原則資訊。
```
smb.MetadataExporter.PolicyVersion = PolicyVersion.Policy15;
```
```
smb.MetadataExporter.PolicyVersion = PolicyVersion.Policy15
```

將 ServiceMetadataBehavior 執行個體新增至服務主機的行為集合中。

svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb);

svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb)

將中繼資料交換端點新增至服務主機。

// Add MEX endpoint
svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint(
  ServiceMetadataBehavior.MexContractName,
  MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding(),
  "mex"
);

'Add MEX endpoint
svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint( _
      ServiceMetadataBehavior.MexContractName, _
      MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding(), _
      "mex")

將應用程式端點新增至服務主機。
```
// Add application endpoint
svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ISimpleService), new WSHttpBinding(), "");
```
```
'Add application endpoint
svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint(GetType(ISimpleService), New WSHttpBinding(), "")
```
注意

如果您沒有將任何端點加入至服務中，執行階段會為您加入預設端點。在這個範例中，由於服務將 ServiceMetadataBehavior 設定為 true，表示服務已啟用中繼資料發行。如需預設端點的詳細資訊，請參閱簡化的組態和 WCF 服務的簡化組態。

開啟服務主機並等候傳入呼叫。當使用者按下 ENTER 鍵時，關閉服務主機。

// Open the service host to accept incoming calls
svcHost.Open();

// The service can now be accessed.
Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.");
Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
Console.WriteLine();
Console.ReadLine();

// Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
svcHost.Close();

'Open the service host to accept incoming calls
svcHost.Open()

'The service can now be accessed.
Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.")
Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.")
Console.WriteLine()
Console.ReadLine()

'Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
svcHost.Close()

建置並執行主控台應用程式。
瀏覽至服務的基底位址 (此範例中為 http://localhost:8001/MetadataSample)，然後確認已開啟中繼資料發行功能。您應該會看到頁面上方標示「簡易服務」，且在其下跟著「您已建立服務」的網頁。如果沒有的話，結果頁面上方應該會顯示：「為此服務發行的中繼資料目前停用」。

範例

下列程式碼範例說明可透過程式碼發行服務中繼資料的基本 WCF 服務實作。

using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;

namespace Metadata.Samples
{
    [ServiceContract]
    public interface ISimpleService
    {
        [OperationContract]
        string SimpleMethod(string msg);
    }

    class SimpleService : ISimpleService
    {
        public string SimpleMethod(string msg)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("The caller passed in " + msg);
            return "Hello " + msg;
        }
    }

    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            ServiceHost svcHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(SimpleService), new Uri("http://localhost:8001/MetadataSample"));
            try
            {
                // Check to see if the service host already has a ServiceMetadataBehavior
                ServiceMetadataBehavior smb = svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Find<ServiceMetadataBehavior>();
                // If not, add one
                if (smb == null)
                    smb = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
                smb.HttpGetEnabled = true;
                smb.MetadataExporter.PolicyVersion = PolicyVersion.Policy15;
                svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb);
                // Add MEX endpoint
                svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint(
                  ServiceMetadataBehavior.MexContractName,
                  MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding(),
                  "mex"
                );
                // Add application endpoint
                svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ISimpleService), new WSHttpBinding(), "");
                // Open the service host to accept incoming calls
                svcHost.Open();

                // The service can now be accessed.
                Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.");
                Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.");
                Console.WriteLine();
                Console.ReadLine();

                // Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
                svcHost.Close();
            }
            catch (CommunicationException commProblem)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("There was a communication problem. " + commProblem.Message);
                Console.Read();
            }
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Runtime.Serialization
Imports System.ServiceModel
Imports System.ServiceModel.Description

<ServiceContract()> _
Public Interface ISimpleService
    <OperationContract()> _
    Function SimpleMethod(ByVal msg As String) As String
End Interface

Class SimpleService
    Implements ISimpleService

    Public Function SimpleMethod(ByVal msg As String) As String Implements ISimpleService.SimpleMethod
        Console.WriteLine("The caller passed in " + msg)
        Return "Hello " + msg
    End Function
End Class

Module Module1

    Sub Main()
        Dim svcHost As New ServiceHost(GetType(SimpleService), New Uri("http://localhost:8001/MetadataSample"))
        Try
            'Check to see if the service host already has a ServiceMetadataBehavior
            Dim smb As ServiceMetadataBehavior = svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Find(Of ServiceMetadataBehavior)()
            'If not, add one
            If (smb Is Nothing) Then
                smb = New ServiceMetadataBehavior()
            End If
            smb.HttpGetEnabled = True
            smb.MetadataExporter.PolicyVersion = PolicyVersion.Policy15
            svcHost.Description.Behaviors.Add(smb)
            'Add MEX endpoint
            svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint( _
                  ServiceMetadataBehavior.MexContractName, _
                  MetadataExchangeBindings.CreateMexHttpBinding(), _
                  "mex")
            'Add application endpoint
            svcHost.AddServiceEndpoint(GetType(ISimpleService), New WSHttpBinding(), "")
            'Open the service host to accept incoming calls
            svcHost.Open()

            'The service can now be accessed.
            Console.WriteLine("The service is ready.")
            Console.WriteLine("Press <ENTER> to terminate service.")
            Console.WriteLine()
            Console.ReadLine()

            'Close the ServiceHostBase to shutdown the service.
            svcHost.Close()
        Catch commProblem As CommunicationException

            Console.WriteLine("There was a communication problem. " + commProblem.Message)
            Console.Read()
        End Try
    End Sub
End Module

共用方式為

作法：使用程式碼發行服務的中繼資料

若要透過程式碼發行中繼資料

範例

另請參閱

其他資源