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SqlTypes 和資料集

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ADO.NET 2.0 透過 System.Data.SqlTypes 命名空間引進了對 DataSet 的增強類型支援。 System.Data.SqlTypes 中的類型其設計目的是提供與 SQL Server 資料庫中的資料類型具有相同語意及精確度的資料類型。 System.Data.SqlTypes 中的每個資料類型，在 SQL Server 中都具有對應的資料類型，並具有相同的基礎資料表示。

直接在 DataSet 中使用 System.Data.SqlTypes，會在使用 SQL Server 資料類型時帶來數個優點。 System.Data.SqlTypes 支援與 SQL Server 原生資料類型相同的語意。 在 DataColumn 的定義中指定其中一個 System.Data.SqlTypes，在將十進位或數值資料類型轉換為通用語言執行平台 (CLR) 資料類型之一時就不會發生精確度遺失。

範例

下列範例建立 DataTable 物件，其會使用 System.Data.SqlTypes 而非 CLR 類型，來明確定義 DataColumn 資料類型。 該程式碼會將 SQL Server 中 AdventureWorks 資料庫內 Sales.SalesOrderDetail 資料表的資料，填入 DataTable。 主控台視窗中顯示的輸出會顯示每個資料行的資料類型，以及擷取自 SQL Server 的值。

static void GetSqlTypesAW(string connectionString)
{
    // Create a DataTable and specify a SqlType
    // for each column.
    DataTable table = new();
    table.Columns.Add("SalesOrderID", typeof(SqlInt32));
    table.Columns.Add("UnitPrice", typeof(SqlMoney));
    table.Columns.Add("LineTotal", typeof(SqlDecimal));
    table.Columns.Add("ModifiedDate", typeof(SqlDateTime));

    // Open a connection to SQL Server and fill the DataTable
    // with data from the Sales.SalesOrderDetail table
    // in the AdventureWorks sample database.
    using (SqlConnection connection = new(connectionString))
    {
        const string queryString =
            "SELECT TOP 5 SalesOrderID, UnitPrice, LineTotal, ModifiedDate "
            + "FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE LineTotal < @LineTotal";

        // Create the SqlCommand.
        SqlCommand command = new(queryString, connection);

        // Create the SqlParameter and assign a value.
        SqlParameter parameter =
            new("@LineTotal", SqlDbType.Decimal)
            {
                Value = 1.5
            };
        command.Parameters.Add(parameter);

        // Open the connection and load the data.
        connection.Open();
        SqlDataReader reader =
            command.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection);
        table.Load(reader);

        // Close the SqlDataReader.
        reader.Close();
    }

    // Display the SqlType of each column.
    Console.WriteLine("Data Types:");
    foreach (DataColumn column in table.Columns)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(" {0} -- {1}",
            column.ColumnName, column.DataType.UnderlyingSystemType);
    }

    // Display the value for each row.
    Console.WriteLine("Values:");
    foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
    {
        Console.Write(" {0}, ", row["SalesOrderID"]);
        Console.Write(" {0}, ", row["UnitPrice"]);
        Console.Write(" {0}, ", row["LineTotal"]);
        Console.Write(" {0} ", row["ModifiedDate"]);
        Console.WriteLine();
    }
}

Private Sub GetSqlTypesAW(ByVal connectionString As String)

    ' Create a DataTable and specify the
    ' SqlType for each column.
    Dim table As New DataTable()
    Dim icolumnolumn As DataColumn = _
      table.Columns.Add("SalesOrderID", GetType(SqlInt32))
    Dim priceColumn As DataColumn = _
      table.Columns.Add("UnitPrice", GetType(SqlMoney))
    Dim totalColumn As DataColumn = _
      table.Columns.Add("LineTotal", GetType(SqlDecimal))
    Dim columnModifiedDate As DataColumn = _
      table.Columns.Add("ModifiedDate", GetType(SqlDateTime))

    ' Open a connection to SQL Server and fill the DataTable
    ' with data from the Sales.SalesOrderDetail table
    ' in the AdventureWorks sample database.
    Using connection As New SqlConnection(connectionString)

        Dim queryString As String = _
           "SELECT TOP 5 SalesOrderID, UnitPrice, LineTotal, ModifiedDate " _
           & "FROM Sales.SalesOrderDetail WHERE LineTotal < @LineTotal"

        ' Create the SqlCommand.
        Dim command As SqlCommand = New SqlCommand(queryString, connection)

        ' Create the SqlParameter and assign a value.
        Dim parameter As SqlParameter = _
           New SqlParameter("@LineTotal", SqlDbType.Decimal)
        parameter.Value = 1.5
        command.Parameters.Add(parameter)

        ' Open the connection and load the data.
        connection.Open()
        Dim reader As SqlDataReader = _
           command.ExecuteReader(CommandBehavior.CloseConnection)
        table.Load(reader)

        ' Close the SqlDataReader
        reader.Close()
    End Using

    ' Display the SqlType of each column.
    Dim column As DataColumn
    Console.WriteLine("Data Types:")
    For Each column In table.Columns
        Console.WriteLine(" {0} -- {1}", _
        column.ColumnName, column.DataType.UnderlyingSystemType)
    Next column

    ' Display the value for each row.
    Dim row As DataRow
    Console.WriteLine("Values:")
    For Each row In table.Rows
        Console.Write(" {0}, ", row("SalesOrderID"))
        Console.Write(" {0}, ", row("UnitPrice"))
        Console.Write(" {0}, ", row("LineTotal"))
        Console.Write(" {0} ", row("ModifiedDate"))
        Console.WriteLine()
    Next row
End Sub

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