作法:從資料庫刪除資料列
您可以從資料表相關的集合移除對應的 LINQ to SQL 物件,並刪除資料庫中的資料列。 LINQ to SQL 會平移您的變更至適當的 SQL DELETE
命令。
LINQ to SQL 不支援或無法辨識串聯刪除作業。 如果您要刪除有條件約束之資料表中的資料列,必須完成下列其中一項工作:
在資料庫的外部索引鍵條件約束中設定
ON DELETE CASCADE
規則。使用您自己的程式碼,先刪除使父物件無法刪除的子物件。
否則,會擲回例外狀況。 請參閱本主題稍後的第二個程式碼範例。
注意
您可以覆寫 Insert
、Update
與 Delete
資料庫作業的 LINQ to SQL 預設方法。 如需詳細資訊,請參閱自訂插入、更新和刪除作業 (機器翻譯)。
使用 Visual Studio 時,開發人員可以使用物件關聯式設計工具開發相同用途的預存程序。
下列步驟假設一個有效的 DataContext 會將您連接至 Northwind 資料庫。 如需詳細資訊,請參閱操作說明:連線資料庫。
若要從資料庫刪除資料列
查詢資料庫,以找出要刪除的資料列。
呼叫 DeleteOnSubmit 方法。
將變更提交至資料庫。
範例 1
下列第一個程式碼範例會查詢資料庫中屬於訂單 #11000 的訂單明細、將這些訂單明細標示為刪除,然後將這些變更送出至資料庫。
// Query the database for the rows to be deleted.
var deleteOrderDetails =
from details in db.OrderDetails
where details.OrderID == 11000
select details;
foreach (var detail in deleteOrderDetails)
{
db.OrderDetails.DeleteOnSubmit(detail);
}
try
{
db.SubmitChanges();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e);
// Provide for exceptions.
}
' Query the database for the rows to be deleted.
Dim deleteOrderDetails = _
From details In db.OrderDetails() _
Where details.OrderID = 11000 _
Select details
For Each detail As OrderDetail In deleteOrderDetails
db.OrderDetails.DeleteOnSubmit(detail)
Next
Try
db.SubmitChanges()
Catch ex As Exception
Console.WriteLine(ex)
' Provide for exceptions
End Try
範例 2
在下列第二個範例中,目標是要移除某張訂單 (#10250)。 這段程式碼會先檢查 OrderDetails
資料表,查看要移除的訂單是否在該處有子系。 如果訂單有子系,則會先將子系標示為移除,再將訂單標示為移除。 DataContext 會將實際的刪除放置在正確的訂單中,使傳送到資料庫的刪除命令得以遵守資料庫條件約束。
Northwnd db = new Northwnd(@"c:\northwnd.mdf");
db.Log = Console.Out;
// Specify order to be removed from database
int reqOrder = 10250;
// Fetch OrderDetails for requested order.
var ordDetailQuery =
from odq in db.OrderDetails
where odq.OrderID == reqOrder
select odq;
foreach (var selectedDetail in ordDetailQuery)
{
Console.WriteLine(selectedDetail.Product.ProductID);
db.OrderDetails.DeleteOnSubmit(selectedDetail);
}
// Display progress.
Console.WriteLine("detail section finished.");
Console.ReadLine();
// Determine from Detail collection whether parent exists.
if (ordDetailQuery.Any())
{
Console.WriteLine("The parent is present in the Orders collection.");
// Fetch Order.
try
{
var ordFetch =
(from ofetch in db.Orders
where ofetch.OrderID == reqOrder
select ofetch).First();
db.Orders.DeleteOnSubmit(ordFetch);
Console.WriteLine("{0} OrderID is marked for deletion.", ordFetch.OrderID);
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("There was no parent in the Orders collection.");
}
// Display progress.
Console.WriteLine("Order section finished.");
Console.ReadLine();
try
{
db.SubmitChanges();
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
Console.ReadLine();
}
// Display progress.
Console.WriteLine("Submit finished.");
Console.ReadLine();
Dim db As New Northwnd("c:\northwnd.mdf")
db.Log = Console.Out
' Specify order to be removed from database.
Dim reqOrder As Integer = 10252
' Fetch OrderDetails for requested order.
Dim ordDetailQuery = _
From odq In db.OrderDetails _
Where odq.OrderID = reqOrder _
Select odq
For Each selectedDetail As OrderDetail In ordDetailQuery
Console.WriteLine(selectedDetail.Product.ProductID)
db.OrderDetails.DeleteOnSubmit(selectedDetail)
Next
' Display progress.
Console.WriteLine("Detail section finished.")
Console.ReadLine()
' Determine from Detail collection whether parent exists.
If ordDetailQuery.Any Then
Console.WriteLine("The parent is present in the Orders collection.")
' Fetch order.
Try
Dim ordFetch = _
(From ofetch In db.Orders _
Where ofetch.OrderID = reqOrder _
Select ofetch).First()
db.Orders.DeleteOnSubmit(ordFetch)
Console.WriteLine("{0} OrderID is marked for deletion.,", ordFetch.OrderID)
Catch ex As Exception
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
Console.ReadLine()
End Try
Else
Console.WriteLine("There was no parent in the Orders collection.")
End If
' Display progress.
Console.WriteLine("Order section finished.")
Console.ReadLine()
Try
db.SubmitChanges()
Catch ex As Exception
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message)
Console.ReadLine()
End Try
' Display progress.
Console.WriteLine("Submit finished.")
Console.ReadLine()