`<locale>` 函式

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08/04/2024

has_facet
isalnum
isalpha
iscntrl
isdigit
isgraph
islower
isprint
ispunct
isspace
isupper
isxdigit
tolower
toupper
use_facet

has_facet

測試特定的 facet 是否在指定的地區設定中儲存。

template <class Facet>
bool has_facet(const locale& Loc);

參數

Loc
要測試是否有 facet 存在的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果地區設定已測試 Facet，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

此範本函式可用來在呼叫 use_facet 之前，先檢查地區設定中是否有列出非強制性 facet，以避免因 facet 不存在而擲回例外狀況。

範例

// locale_has_facet.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result = has_facet <ctype<char> > ( loc );
   cout << result << endl;
}

isalnum

測試地區設定中的項目是否為字母或數字字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isalnum(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的英數字元元素。

Loc
包含要測試之英數字元元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案為英數位元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

範例

// locale_isalnum.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isalnum ( 'L', loc);
   bool result2 = isalnum ( '@', loc);
   bool result3 = isalnum ( '3', loc);

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "alphanumeric." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not alphanumeric." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character '@' in the locale is "
           << "alphanumeric." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '@' in the locale is "
           << " not alphanumeric." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << "alphanumeric." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << " not alphanumeric." << endl;
}

The character 'L' in the locale is alphanumeric.
The character '@' in the locale is  not alphanumeric.
The character '3' in the locale is alphanumeric.

isalpha

測試地區設定中的元素是否為字母字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isalpha(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之字母元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案依字母順序排列，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： alpha， Ch。

範例

// locale_isalpha.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isalpha ( 'L', loc);
   bool result2 = isalpha ( '@', loc);
   bool result3 = isalpha ( '3', loc);

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "alphabetic." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not alphabetic." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character '@' in the locale is "
           << "alphabetic." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '@' in the locale is "
           << " not alphabetic." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << "alphabetic." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << " not alphabetic." << endl;
}

iscntrl

測試地區設定中的項目是否為控制字元。

template <class CharType>
bool iscntrl(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案是控制件字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： cntrl， Ch。

範例

// locale_iscntrl.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = iscntrl ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = iscntrl ( '\n', loc );
   bool result3 = iscntrl ( '\t', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a control character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a control character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character-set 'backslash-n' in the locale\n is "
           << "a control character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character-set 'backslash-n' in the locale\n is "
           << " not a control character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character-set 'backslash-t' in the locale\n is "
           << "a control character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character-set 'backslash-n' in the locale \n is "
           << " not a control character." << endl;
}

isdigit

測試地區設定中的項目是否為數字字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isdigit(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的項目是數值字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： digit， Ch。

範例

// locale_is_digit.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isdigit ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = isdigit ( '@', loc );
   bool result3 = isdigit ( '3', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a numeric character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a numeric character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character '@' in the locale is "
           << "a numeric character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '@' in the locale is "
           << " not a numeric character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << "a numeric character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << " not a numeric character." << endl;
}

isgraph

測試地區設定中的項目是否為英數字元或標點符號字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isgraph(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案是英數位元或標點符號字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： graph， Ch。

範例

// locale_is_graph.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isgraph ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = isgraph ( '\t', loc );
   bool result3 = isgraph ( '.', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is\n "
           << "an alphanumeric or punctuation character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is\n "
           << " not an alphanumeric or punctuation character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character 'backslash-t' in the locale is\n "
           << "an alphanumeric or punctuation character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'backslash-t' in the locale is\n "
           << "not an alphanumeric or punctuation character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '.' in the locale is\n "
           << "an alphanumeric or punctuation character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '.' in the locale is\n "
           << " not an alphanumeric or punctuation character." << endl;
}

islower

測試地區設定中的項目是否為小寫。

template <class CharType>
bool islower(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的項目是小寫字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： lower， Ch。

範例

// locale_islower.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = islower ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = islower ( 'n', loc );
   bool result3 = islower ( '3', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a lowercase character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a lowercase character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character 'n' in the locale is "
           << "a lowercase character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'n' in the locale is "
           << " not a lowercase character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << "a lowercase character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << " not a lowercase character." << endl;
}

isprint

測試地區設定中的項目是否為可列印的字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isprint(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案是可列印的，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： print， Ch。

範例

// locale_isprint.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );

   bool result1 = isprint ( 'L', loc );
   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a printable character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a printable character." << endl;

   bool result2 = isprint( '\t', loc );
   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character 'backslash-t' in the locale is "
           << "a printable character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'backslash-t' in the locale is "
           << " not a printable character." << endl;

   bool result3 = isprint( '\n', loc );
   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character 'backslash-n' in the locale is "
           << "a printable character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'backslash-n' in the locale is "
           << " not a printable character." << endl;
}

ispunct

測試地區設定中的項目是否為標點符號字元。

template <class CharType>
bool ispunct(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的項目是標點符號字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： punct， Ch。

範例

// locale_ispunct.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = ispunct ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = ispunct ( ';', loc );
   bool result3 = ispunct ( '*', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a punctuation character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a punctuation character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character ';' in the locale is "
           << "a punctuation character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character ';' in the locale is "
           << " not a punctuation character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '*' in the locale is "
           << "a punctuation character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '*' in the locale is "
           << " not a punctuation character." << endl;
}

isspace

測試地區設定中的項目是否為空白字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isspace(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的項目是空白，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： space， Ch。

範例

// locale_isspace.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isspace ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = isspace ( '\n', loc );
   bool result3 = isspace ( ' ', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a whitespace character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a whitespace character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character 'backslash-n' in the locale is "
           << "a whitespace character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'backslash-n' in the locale is "
           << " not a whitespace character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character ' ' in the locale is "
           << "a whitespace character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character ' ' in the locale is "
           << " not a whitespace character." << endl;
}

isupper

測試地區設定中的元素是否為大寫。

template <class CharType>
bool isupper(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案是大寫字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： upper， Ch。

範例

// locale_isupper.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isupper ( 'L', loc );
   bool result2 = isupper ( 'n', loc );
   bool result3 = isupper ( '3', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << "a uppercase character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'L' in the locale is "
           << " not a uppercase character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character 'n' in the locale is "
           << "a uppercase character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'n' in the locale is "
           << " not a uppercase character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << "a uppercase character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '3' in the locale is "
           << " not a uppercase character." << endl;
}

isxdigit

測試地區設定中的項目是否為用來表示十六進位數字的字元。

template <class CharType>
bool isxdigit(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要測試的元素。

Loc
包含要測試之元素的地區設定。

傳回值

true 如果測試的專案是用來表示十六進位數位的字元，則為 ; false 如果不是，則為。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 is（ ctype<CharType>：： xdigit， Ch。

十六進位數字會使用以 16 為底數的方式來表示數字，其中是使用數字 0 到 9 再加上不區分大小寫的字母 A 到 F，來表示十進位數字 0 到 15。

範例

// locale_isxdigit.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   bool result1 = isxdigit ( '5', loc );
   bool result2 = isxdigit ( 'd', loc );
   bool result3 = isxdigit ( 'q', loc );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character '5' in the locale is "
           << "a hexidecimal digit-character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '5' in the locale is "
           << " not a hexidecimal digit-character." << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character 'd' in the locale is "
           << "a hexidecimal digit-character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'd' in the locale is "
           << " not a hexidecimal digit-character." << endl;

   if ( result3 )
      cout << "The character 'q' in the locale is "
           << "a hexidecimal digit-character." << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'q' in the locale is "
           << " not a hexidecimal digit-character." << endl;
}

tolower

將字元轉換為小寫。

template <class CharType>
CharType tolower(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要轉換為小寫的字元。

Loc
包含要轉換之字元的地區設定。

傳回值

已轉換為小寫的字元。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 tolower( Ch)。

範例

// locale_tolower.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   char result1 = tolower ( 'H', loc );
   cout << "The lower case of 'H' in the locale is: "
        << result1 << "." << endl;
   char result2 = tolower ( 'h', loc );
   cout << "The lower case of 'h' in the locale is: "
        << result2 << "." << endl;
   char result3 = tolower ( '$', loc );
   cout << "The lower case of '$' in the locale is: "
        << result3 << "." << endl;
}

toupper

將字元轉換為大寫。

template <class CharType>
CharType toupper(CharType Ch, const locale& Loc)

參數

Ch
要轉換為大寫的字元。

Loc
包含要轉換之字元的地區設定。

傳回值

已轉換為大寫的字元。

備註

樣本函式 <會傳回 ctype<CharType>>（ Locuse_facet 。 toupper( Ch)。

範例

// locale_toupper.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc ( "German_Germany" );
   char result1 = toupper ( 'h', loc );
   cout << "The upper case of 'h' in the locale is: "
        << result1 << "." << endl;
   char result2 = toupper ( 'H', loc );
   cout << "The upper case of 'H' in the locale is: "
        << result2 << "." << endl;
   char result3 = toupper ( '$', loc );
   cout << "The upper case of '$' in the locale is: "
        << result3 << "." << endl;
}

use_facet

傳回儲存在地區設定中指定之類型的 facet 的參考。

template <class Facet>
const Facet& use_facet(const locale& Loc);

參數

Loc
包含所要參考之 facet 類型的常數地區設定。

傳回值

對 locale 引數內所包含之 Facet 類別 facet 的參考。

備註

只要有任何一個包含 facet 的地區設定複本存在，此範本函式所傳回對 facet 的參考就會保持有效。如果 locale 引數中未列出任何這類 Facet 類別的 facet 物件，此函式就會擲回 bad_cast 例外狀況。

範例

// locale_use_facet.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <locale>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main( )
{
   locale loc1 ( "German_Germany" ), loc2 ( "English_Australia" );
   bool result1 = use_facet<ctype<char> > ( loc1 ).is(
   ctype_base::alpha, 'a'
);
   bool result2 = use_facet<ctype<char> > ( loc2 ).is( ctype_base::alpha, '!'
   );

   if ( result1 )
      cout << "The character 'a' in locale loc1 is alphabetic."
           << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character 'a' in locale loc1 is not alphabetic."
           << endl;

   if ( result2 )
      cout << "The character '!' in locale loc2 is alphabetic."
           << endl;
   else
      cout << "The character '!' in locale loc2 is not alphabetic."
           << endl;
}

The character 'a' in locale loc1 is alphabetic.
The character '!' in locale loc2 is not alphabetic.

另請參閱

<地區設定>

共用方式為

<locale> 函式

has_facet

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isalnum

參數

傳回值

範例

isalpha

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

iscntrl

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isdigit

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isgraph

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

islower

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isprint

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

ispunct

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isspace

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isupper

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

isxdigit

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

tolower

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

toupper

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

use_facet

參數

傳回值

備註

範例

另請參閱

意見反應

其他資源

`<locale>` 函式