快速入門：使用 ARM 範本來建立 Ubuntu 資料科學虛擬機器

發行項
10/31/2024

本快速入門說明如何使用 Azure Resource Manager 範本 (ARM 範本) 來建立 Ubuntu 資料科學虛擬機器 (DSVM)。資料科學虛擬機器是雲端式資源，預先載入了一套數據科學和機器學習架構和工具。當部署了支援 GPU 的計算資源之後，所有工具與程式庫將會設定為使用該 GPU。

Azure Resource Manager 範本是一個 JavaScript 物件標記法 (JSON) 檔案，會定義專案的基礎結構和設定。範本使用宣告式語法。您可以描述預期的部署，而不需要撰寫程式設計命令順序來建立部署。

如果您的環境符合必要條件，而且您知道如何使用 ARM 範本，請選取 [部署至 Azure] 按鈕。此動作會在 Azure 入口網站中開啟範本。

必要條件

Azure 訂用帳戶。如果您沒有 Azure 訂用帳戶，請在開始前建立免費帳戶。
您需要 Azure CLI，才能從本機環境使用本檔中的 CLI 命令。

檢閱範本

您可以在 Azure 快速入門範本資源中找到本快速入門所使用的範本。

{
  "$schema": "https://schema.management.azure.com/schemas/2019-04-01/deploymentTemplate.json#",
  "contentVersion": "1.0.0.0",
  "metadata": {
    "_generator": {
      "name": "bicep",
      "version": "0.8.9.13224",
      "templateHash": "4895680407304578048"
    }
  },
  "parameters": {
    "adminUsername": {
      "type": "string",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Username for Administrator Account"
      }
    },
    "vmName": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "vmName",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "The name of you Virtual Machine."
      }
    },
    "location": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "[resourceGroup().location]",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Location for all resources."
      }
    },
    "cpu_gpu": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "CPU-4GB",
      "allowedValues": [
        "CPU-4GB",
        "CPU-7GB",
        "CPU-8GB",
        "CPU-14GB",
        "CPU-16GB",
        "GPU-56GB"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Choose between CPU or GPU processing"
      }
    },
    "virtualNetworkName": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "vNet",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Name of the VNET"
      }
    },
    "subnetName": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "subnet",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Name of the subnet in the virtual network"
      }
    },
    "networkSecurityGroupName": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "SecGroupNet",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Name of the Network Security Group"
      }
    },
    "authenticationType": {
      "type": "string",
      "defaultValue": "sshPublicKey",
      "allowedValues": [
        "sshPublicKey",
        "password"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "description": "Type of authentication to use on the Virtual Machine. SSH key is recommended."
      }
    },
    "adminPasswordOrKey": {
      "type": "secureString",
      "metadata": {
        "description": "SSH Key or password for the Virtual Machine. SSH key is recommended."
      }
    }
  },
  "variables": {
    "networkInterfaceName": "[format('{0}NetInt', parameters('vmName'))]",
    "virtualMachineName": "[parameters('vmName')]",
    "publicIpAddressName": "[format('{0}PublicIP', parameters('vmName'))]",
    "subnetRef": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets', parameters('virtualNetworkName'), parameters('subnetName'))]",
    "nsgId": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', parameters('networkSecurityGroupName'))]",
    "osDiskType": "StandardSSD_LRS",
    "storageAccountName": "[format('storage{0}', uniqueString(resourceGroup().id))]",
    "storageAccountType": "Standard_LRS",
    "storageAccountKind": "Storage",
    "vmSize": {
      "CPU-4GB": "Standard_B2s",
      "CPU-7GB": "Standard_D2s_v3",
      "CPU-8GB": "Standard_D2s_v3",
      "CPU-14GB": "Standard_D4s_v3",
      "CPU-16GB": "Standard_D4s_v3",
      "GPU-56GB": "Standard_NC6_Promo"
    },
    "linuxConfiguration": {
      "disablePasswordAuthentication": true,
      "ssh": {
        "publicKeys": [
          {
            "path": "[format('/home/{0}/.ssh/authorized_keys', parameters('adminUsername'))]",
            "keyData": "[parameters('adminPasswordOrKey')]"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  },
  "resources": [
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces",
      "apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
      "name": "[variables('networkInterfaceName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "ipConfigurations": [
          {
            "name": "ipconfig1",
            "properties": {
              "subnet": {
                "id": "[variables('subnetRef')]"
              },
              "privateIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic",
              "publicIPAddress": {
                "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', variables('publicIpAddressName'))]"
              }
            }
          }
        ],
        "networkSecurityGroup": {
          "id": "[variables('nsgId')]"
        }
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups', parameters('networkSecurityGroupName'))]",
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses', variables('publicIpAddressName'))]",
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks', parameters('virtualNetworkName'))]"
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups",
      "apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
      "name": "[parameters('networkSecurityGroupName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "securityRules": [
          {
            "name": "JupyterHub",
            "properties": {
              "priority": 1010,
              "protocol": "Tcp",
              "access": "Allow",
              "direction": "Inbound",
              "sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
              "sourcePortRange": "*",
              "destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
              "destinationPortRange": "8000"
            }
          },
          {
            "name": "RStudioServer",
            "properties": {
              "priority": 1020,
              "protocol": "Tcp",
              "access": "Allow",
              "direction": "Inbound",
              "sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
              "sourcePortRange": "*",
              "destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
              "destinationPortRange": "8787"
            }
          },
          {
            "name": "SSH",
            "properties": {
              "priority": 1030,
              "protocol": "Tcp",
              "access": "Allow",
              "direction": "Inbound",
              "sourceAddressPrefix": "*",
              "sourcePortRange": "*",
              "destinationAddressPrefix": "*",
              "destinationPortRange": "22"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks",
      "apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
      "name": "[parameters('virtualNetworkName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "addressSpace": {
          "addressPrefixes": [
            "10.0.0.0/24"
          ]
        },
        "subnets": [
          {
            "name": "[parameters('subnetName')]",
            "properties": {
              "addressPrefix": "10.0.0.0/24",
              "privateEndpointNetworkPolicies": "Enabled",
              "privateLinkServiceNetworkPolicies": "Enabled"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses",
      "apiVersion": "2021-05-01",
      "name": "[variables('publicIpAddressName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "sku": {
        "name": "Basic",
        "tier": "Regional"
      },
      "properties": {
        "publicIPAllocationMethod": "Dynamic"
      }
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts",
      "apiVersion": "2021-08-01",
      "name": "[variables('storageAccountName')]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "sku": {
        "name": "[variables('storageAccountType')]"
      },
      "kind": "[variables('storageAccountKind')]"
    },
    {
      "type": "Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines",
      "apiVersion": "2021-11-01",
      "name": "[format('{0}-{1}', variables('virtualMachineName'), parameters('cpu_gpu'))]",
      "location": "[parameters('location')]",
      "properties": {
        "hardwareProfile": {
          "vmSize": "[variables('vmSize')[parameters('cpu_gpu')]]"
        },
        "storageProfile": {
          "osDisk": {
            "createOption": "FromImage",
            "managedDisk": {
              "storageAccountType": "[variables('osDiskType')]"
            }
          },
          "imageReference": {
            "publisher": "microsoft-dsvm",
            "offer": "ubuntu-1804",
            "sku": "1804-gen2",
            "version": "latest"
          }
        },
        "networkProfile": {
          "networkInterfaces": [
            {
              "id": "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', variables('networkInterfaceName'))]"
            }
          ]
        },
        "osProfile": {
          "computerName": "[variables('virtualMachineName')]",
          "adminUsername": "[parameters('adminUsername')]",
          "adminPassword": "[parameters('adminPasswordOrKey')]",
          "linuxConfiguration": "[if(equals(parameters('authenticationType'), 'password'), json('null'), variables('linuxConfiguration'))]"
        }
      },
      "dependsOn": [
        "[resourceId('Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces', variables('networkInterfaceName'))]"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "outputs": {
    "adminUsername": {
      "type": "string",
      "value": "[parameters('adminUsername')]"
    }
  }
}

範本會定義這些資源：

Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines：建立雲端式虛擬機器。在此範本中，已將虛擬機器設定為執行 Ubuntu 的資料科學虛擬機器。

部署範本

若要使用 Azure CLI 中的範本，請登入並選擇您的訂用帳戶。如需詳細資訊，請流覽使用 Azure CLI 登入。然後執行：

read -p "Enter the name of the resource group to create:" resourceGroupName &&
read -p "Enter the Azure location (e.g., centralus):" location &&
read -p "Enter the authentication type (must be 'password' or 'sshPublicKey') :" authenticationType &&
read -p "Enter the login name for the administrator account (may not be 'admin'):" adminUsername &&
read -p "Enter administrator account secure string (value of password or ssh public key):" adminPasswordOrKey &&
templateUri="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Azure/azure-quickstart-templates/master/application-workloads/datascience/vm-ubuntu-DSVM-GPU-or-CPU/azuredeploy.json" &&
az group create --name $resourceGroupName --location "$location" &&
az deployment group create --resource-group $resourceGroupName --template-uri $templateUri --parameters adminUsername=$adminUsername authenticationType=$authenticationType adminPasswordOrKey=$adminPasswordOrKey &&
echo "Press [ENTER] to continue ..." &&
read

當您執行此程式碼時，請輸入：

資源群組名稱，此資源群組將用來包含您要建立的 DSVM 與相關資源
您要進行部署的 Azure 位置
您要使用的驗證類型 (輸入字串 password 或 sshPublicKey)
系統管理員帳戶的登入名稱 (此值不得為 admin)
帳戶密碼或 SSH 公開金鑰的值

檢閱已部署的資源

若要顯示您的資料科學虛擬機器：

移至 Azure 入口網站
登入
選擇您剛才所建立的資源群組

這會顯示資源群組資訊：

此螢幕擷取畫面顯示內含 DSVM 的基本資源群組

選取虛擬機器資源，移至其資訊頁面。您可以在這裡找到 VM 的相關信息，包括連線詳細數據。

清除資源

若不想使用此虛擬機器，應加以刪除。因為 DSVM 會與其他資源 (例如儲存體帳戶) 相關聯，您可以刪除先前建立的整個資源群組。使用入口網站時，您可以刪除資源群組。選取 [刪除] 按鈕，然後確認您的選擇。您也可以從 CLI 刪除資源群組，如下所示：

echo "Enter the Resource Group name:" &&
read resourceGroupName &&
az group delete --name $resourceGroupName &&
echo "Press [ENTER] to continue ..."

下一步

在此快速入門中，您使用了 ARM 範本，建立資料科學虛擬機器。

範例程式 & ML 逐步解說

共用方式為