使用 PowerShell 將資料庫新增至容錯移轉群組

發行項
11/25/2024

此 PowerShell 指令碼範例會在 Azure SQL 資料庫中建立資料庫、建立容錯移轉群組、在其中新增資料庫，以及測試容錯移轉。

注意

本文使用 Azure Az PowerShell 模組，這是與 Azure 互動時建議使用的 PowerShell 模組。若要開始使用 Az PowerShell 模組，請參閱安裝 Azure PowerShell。若要瞭解如何移轉至 Az PowerShell 模組，請參閱將 Azure PowerShell 從 AzureRM 移轉至 Az。

使用 Azure Cloud Shell

Azure Cloud Shell 是裝載於 Azure 中的互動式殼層環境，可在瀏覽器中使用。您可以使用 Bash 或 PowerShell 搭配 Cloud Shell，與 Azure 服務共同使用。您可以使用 Cloud Shell 預先安裝的命令，執行本文提到的程式碼，而不必在本機環境上安裝任何工具。

要啟動 Azure Cloud Shell：

選項	範例/連結
選取程式碼區塊右上角的 [試用]。選取 [試用] 並不會自動將程式碼複製到 Cloud Shell 中。
請前往 https://shell.azure.com，或選取 [啟動 Cloud Shell] 按鈕，在瀏覽器中開啟 Cloud Shell。
選取 Azure 入口網站右上方功能表列上的 [Cloud Shell] 按鈕。

若要在 Azure Cloud Shell 中執行本文中的程式碼：

啟動 Cloud Shell。
選取程式碼區塊上的 [複製] 按鈕，複製程式碼。
透過在 Windows 和 Linux 上選取 Ctrl+Shift+V；或在 macOS 上選取 Cmd+Shift+V，將程式碼貼到 Cloud Shell 工作階段中。
選取 Enter 鍵執行程式碼。

如果選擇在本機安裝並使用 PowerShell，此教學課程需要 Az PowerShell 1.4.0 或更新版本。如果您需要升級，請參閱安裝 Azure PowerShell 模組。如果正在本機執行 PowerShell，也需要執行 Connect-AzAccount，以建立與 Azure 的連線。

範例指令碼

# Add a single Azure SQL Database to a failover group

# Set variables for your server and database
$subscriptionId = '<SubscriptionID>'
$randomIdentifier = $(Get-Random)
$resourceGroupName = "myResourceGroup-$randomIdentifier"
$location = "West US 2"
$adminLogin = "azureuser"
$password = "PWD27!"+(New-Guid).Guid
$serverName = "mysqlserver-$randomIdentifier"
$databaseName = "mySampleDatabase"
$drLocation = "East US 2"
$drServerName = "mysqlsecondary-$randomIdentifier"
$failoverGroupName = "failovergrouptutorial-$randomIdentifier"


# The ip address range that you want to allow to access your server 
# Leaving at 0.0.0.0 will prevent outside-of-azure connections
$startIp = "0.0.0.0"
$endIp = "0.0.0.0"

# Show randomized variables
Write-host "Resource group name is" $resourceGroupName 
Write-host "Password is" $password  
Write-host "Server name is" $serverName 
Write-host "DR Server name is" $drServerName 
Write-host "Failover group name is" $failoverGroupName



# Set subscription ID
Set-AzContext -SubscriptionId $subscriptionId

# Create a resource group
Write-host "Creating resource group..."
$resourceGroup = New-AzResourceGroup -Name $resourceGroupName -Location $location -Tag @{Owner="SQLDB-Samples"}
$resourceGroup



# Create a server with a system wide unique server name
Write-host "Creating primary logical server..."
$server = New-AzSqlServer -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -Location $location `
   -SqlAdministratorCredentials $(New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential `
   -ArgumentList $adminLogin, $(ConvertTo-SecureString -String $password -AsPlainText -Force))
$server

# Create a server firewall rule that allows access from the specified IP range
Write-host "Configuring firewall for primary logical server..."
$serverFirewallRule = New-AzSqlServerFirewallRule -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -FirewallRuleName "AllowedIPs" -StartIpAddress $startIp -EndIpAddress $endIp
$serverFirewallRule

# Create General Purpose Gen5 database with 2 vCore
Write-host "Creating a gen5 2 vCore database..."
$database = New-AzSqlDatabase  -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -DatabaseName $databaseName `
   -Edition GeneralPurpose `
   -VCore 2 `
   -ComputeGeneration Gen5 `
   -MinimumCapacity 2 `
   -SampleName "AdventureWorksLT"
$database



# Create a secondary server in the failover region
Write-host "Creating a secondary logical server in the failover region..."
$drServer = New-AzSqlServer -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $drServerName `
   -Location $drLocation `
   -SqlAdministratorCredentials $(New-Object -TypeName System.Management.Automation.PSCredential `
      -ArgumentList $adminlogin, $(ConvertTo-SecureString -String $password -AsPlainText -Force))
$drServer



# Create a failover group between the servers
$failovergroup = Write-host "Creating a failover group between the primary and secondary server..."
New-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup `
   –ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -PartnerServerName $drServerName  `
   –FailoverGroupName $failoverGroupName `
   –FailoverPolicy Manual
$failovergroup


# Add the database to the failover group
Write-host "Adding the database to the failover group..." 
Get-AzSqlDatabase `
   -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -DatabaseName $databaseName | `
Add-AzSqlDatabaseToFailoverGroup `
   -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -FailoverGroupName $failoverGroupName
Write-host "Successfully added the database to the failover group..." 



# Check role of secondary replica
Write-host "Confirming the secondary replica is secondary...." 
(Get-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup `
   -FailoverGroupName $failoverGroupName `
   -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $drServerName).ReplicationRole




# Failover to secondary server
Write-host "Failing over failover group to the secondary..." 
Switch-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup `
   -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $drServerName `
   -FailoverGroupName $failoverGroupName
Write-host "Failed failover group successfully to" $drServerName 

Write-host "Confirming the secondary server is now primary...." 
(Get-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup `
   -FailoverGroupName $failoverGroupName `
   -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $drServerName).ReplicationRole



# Revert failover to primary server
Write-host "Failing over failover group to the primary...." 
Switch-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup `
   -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName `
   -ServerName $serverName `
   -FailoverGroupName $failoverGroupName
Write-host "Failed failover group successfully back to" $serverName


# Show randomized variables
Write-host "Resource group name is" $resourceGroupName 
Write-host "Password is" $password  
Write-host "Server name is" $serverName 
Write-host "DR Server name is" $drServerName 
Write-host "Failover group name is" $failoverGroupName

# Clean up resources by removing the resource group
# Write-host "Removing resource group..."
# Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName
# Write-host "Resource group removed =" $resourceGroupName

清除部署

使用下列命令來移除資源群組及其所有相關聯的資源。

Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName

指令碼說明

此指令碼會使用下列命令。下表中的每個命令都會連結至命令特定的文件。

Command	注意
New-AzResourceGroup	建立用來存放所有資源的資源群組。
New-AzSqlServer	建立伺服器。
New-AzSqlServerFirewallRule	為伺服器建立伺服器層級的防火牆規則。
New-AzSqlDatabase	建立新資料庫。
New-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup	建立新的容錯移轉群組。
Get-AzSqlDatabase	取得一或多個資料庫。
Add-AzSqlDatabaseToFailoverGroup	將一或多個資料庫新增至容錯移轉群組。
Get-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup	取得或列出容錯移轉群組。
Switch-AzSqlDatabaseFailoverGroup	執行容錯移轉群組的容錯移轉。
Remove-AzResourceGroup	移除資源群組

下一步

如需有關 Azure PowerShell 的詳細資訊，請參閱 Azure PowerShell 文件。

其他的 SQL Database PowerShell 指令碼範例可於 Azure SQL Database PowerShell 指令碼中找到。

共用方式為

使用 PowerShell 將資料庫新增至容錯移轉群組

使用 Azure Cloud Shell

範例指令碼

清除部署

指令碼說明

下一步

意見反應

其他資源