ASP.NET Core Blazor 屬性展開和任意參數
注意
這不是這篇文章的最新版本。 如需目前的版本,請參閱 本文的 .NET 9 版本。
警告
不再支援此版本的 ASP.NET Core。 如需詳細資訊,請參閱 .NET 和 .NET Core 支持原則。 如需目前的版本,請參閱 本文的 .NET 9 版本。
除了元件所宣告的參數之外,元件還可以擷取和轉譯其他屬性。 當元件使用Razor @attributes
指示詞屬性轉譯時,可以在字典中擷取其他屬性,然後套用至名為splatting的專案。 此案例適用於定義元件來產生支援各種自訂的標記元素。 例如,若要針對支援許多參數的 <input>
來個別定義屬性可能會很繁瑣。
屬性展開
在下列 Splat
元件中:
- 第一個
<input>
元素 (id="useIndividualParams"
) 會使用個別的元件參數。 - 第二個
<input>
元素 (id="useAttributesDict"
) 會使用屬性展開。
Splat.razor
:
@page "/splat"
<PageTitle>SPLAT!</PageTitle>
<h1>Splat Parameters Example</h1>
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="@maxlength"
placeholder="@placeholder"
required="@required"
size="@size" />
<input id="useAttributesDict"
@attributes="InputAttributes" />
@code {
private string maxlength = "10";
private string placeholder = "Input placeholder text";
private string required = "required";
private string size = "50";
private Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } =
new()
{
{ "maxlength", "10" },
{ "placeholder", "Input placeholder text" },
{ "required", "required" },
{ "size", "50" }
};
}
@page "/splat"
<PageTitle>SPLAT!</PageTitle>
<h1>Splat Parameters Example</h1>
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="@maxlength"
placeholder="@placeholder"
required="@required"
size="@size" />
<input id="useAttributesDict"
@attributes="InputAttributes" />
@code {
private string maxlength = "10";
private string placeholder = "Input placeholder text";
private string required = "required";
private string size = "50";
private Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } =
new()
{
{ "maxlength", "10" },
{ "placeholder", "Input placeholder text" },
{ "required", "required" },
{ "size", "50" }
};
}
@page "/splat"
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="@maxlength"
placeholder="@placeholder"
required="@required"
size="@size" />
<input id="useAttributesDict"
@attributes="InputAttributes" />
@code {
private string maxlength = "10";
private string placeholder = "Input placeholder text";
private string required = "required";
private string size = "50";
private Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } =
new()
{
{ "maxlength", "10" },
{ "placeholder", "Input placeholder text" },
{ "required", "required" },
{ "size", "50" }
};
}
@page "/splat"
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="@maxlength"
placeholder="@placeholder"
required="@required"
size="@size" />
<input id="useAttributesDict"
@attributes="InputAttributes" />
@code {
private string maxlength = "10";
private string placeholder = "Input placeholder text";
private string required = "required";
private string size = "50";
private Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } =
new()
{
{ "maxlength", "10" },
{ "placeholder", "Input placeholder text" },
{ "required", "required" },
{ "size", "50" }
};
}
@page "/splat"
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="@maxlength"
placeholder="@placeholder"
required="@required"
size="@size" />
<input id="useAttributesDict"
@attributes="InputAttributes" />
@code {
private string maxlength = "10";
private string placeholder = "Input placeholder text";
private string required = "required";
private string size = "50";
private Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } =
new()
{
{ "maxlength", "10" },
{ "placeholder", "Input placeholder text" },
{ "required", "required" },
{ "size", "50" }
};
}
@page "/splat"
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="@maxlength"
placeholder="@placeholder"
required="@required"
size="@size" />
<input id="useAttributesDict"
@attributes="InputAttributes" />
@code {
private string maxlength = "10";
private string placeholder = "Input placeholder text";
private string required = "required";
private string size = "50";
private Dictionary<string, object> InputAttributes { get; set; } =
new Dictionary<string, object>()
{
{ "maxlength", "10" },
{ "placeholder", "Input placeholder text" },
{ "required", "required" },
{ "size", "50" }
};
}
在網頁中轉譯的 <input>
元素完全相同:
<input id="useIndividualParams"
maxlength="10"
placeholder="Input placeholder text"
required="required"
size="50">
<input id="useAttributesDict"
maxlength="10"
placeholder="Input placeholder text"
required="required"
size="50">
任意屬性
若要接受任意屬性,請定義元件參數, 並將 CaptureUnmatchedValues 屬性設定為 true
:
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public Dictionary<string, object>? InputAttributes { get; set; }
}
[Parameter]
上的 CaptureUnmatchedValues 屬性可讓參數比對不符合任何其他參數的所有屬性。 元件只能使用 CaptureUnmatchedValues 來定義單一參數。 搭配 CaptureUnmatchedValues 使用的屬性類型必須可透過 Dictionary<string, object>
使用字串索引鍵來指派。 在此案例中,也可以選擇使用 IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<string, object>>
或 IReadOnlyDictionary<string, object>
。
@attributes
的位置相對於元素屬性的位置有其重要性。 在元素上展開 @attributes
時,會從右到左 (最後一個到第一個) 處理屬性。 請考慮下列會取用子元件的父元件範例:
AttributeOrderChild1.razor
:
<div @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" extra="5" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" extra="5" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" extra="5" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" extra="5" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" extra="5" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object> AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" extra="5" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object> AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
AttributeOrder1.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-1"
<PageTitle>Attribute Order 1</PageTitle>
<h1>Attribute Order Example 1</h1>
<AttributeOrderChild1 extra="10" />
<p>
View the HTML markup in your browser to inspect the attributes on
the AttributeOrderChild1 component.
</p>
AttributeOrder1.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-1"
<PageTitle>Attribute Order 1</PageTitle>
<h1>Attribute Order Example 1</h1>
<AttributeOrderChild1 extra="10" />
<p>
View the HTML markup in your browser to inspect the attributes on
the AttributeOrderChild1 component.
</p>
AttributeOrderParent1.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-1"
<AttributeOrderChild1 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderParent1.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-1"
<AttributeOrderChild1 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderParent1.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-1"
<AttributeOrderChild1 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderParent1.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-1"
<AttributeOrderChild1 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderChild1
元件的 extra
屬性會設定到 @attributes
的右邊。 AttributeOrderParent1
元件所轉譯的 <div>
在傳遞其他屬性時會包含 extra="5"
,因為屬性會從右到左 (最後一個到第一個) 進行處理:
<div extra="5" />
在下列範例中,extra
和 @attributes
在子元件的 <div>
中的順序會顛倒:
AttributeOrderChild2.razor
:
<div extra="5" @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div extra="5" @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div extra="5" @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div extra="5" @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object>? AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div extra="5" @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object> AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
<div extra="5" @attributes="AdditionalAttributes" />
@code {
[Parameter(CaptureUnmatchedValues = true)]
public IDictionary<string, object> AdditionalAttributes { get; set; }
}
AttributeOrder2.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-2"
<PageTitle>Attribute Order 2</PageTitle>
<h1>Attribute Order Example 2</h1>
<AttributeOrderChild2 extra="10" />
<p>
View the HTML markup in your browser to inspect the attributes on
the AttributeOrderChild2 component.
</p>
AttributeOrder2.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-2"
<PageTitle>Attribute Order 2</PageTitle>
<h1>Attribute Order Example 2</h1>
<AttributeOrderChild2 extra="10" />
<p>
View the HTML markup in your browser to inspect the attributes on
the AttributeOrderChild2 component.
</p>
AttributeOrderParent2.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-2"
<AttributeOrderChild2 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderParent2.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-2"
<AttributeOrderChild2 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderParent2.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-2"
<AttributeOrderChild2 extra="10" />
AttributeOrderParent2.razor
:
@page "/attribute-order-parent-2"
<AttributeOrderChild2 extra="10" />
父元件所轉譯網頁中的 <div>
在傳遞其他屬性時會包含 extra="10"
:
<div extra="10" />