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將線條圖層新增至地圖 (Android SDK)

注意

Azure 地圖服務 Android SDK 淘汰

適用於 Android 的 Azure 地圖服務原生 SDK 現已被取代,將於 3/31/25 淘汰。 若要避免服務中斷,請在 3/31/25 之前遷移至 Azure 地圖服務 Web SDK。 如需詳細資訊,請參閱 Azure 地圖服務 Android SDK 移轉指南 (部分機器翻譯)。

線條圖層可用來將 LineStringMultiLineString 功能轉譯為地圖上的路徑或路線。 線條圖層也可用來呈現 PolygonMultiPolygon 功能的外框。 資料來源會連線到線條圖層,以為其提供要呈現的資料。

提示

根據預設,線條圖層會轉譯資料來源中的多邊形座標及線條。 若要限制圖層只呈現 LineString 幾何特徵,請將圖層的 filter 選項設定為 eq(geometryType(), "LineString")。 如果還要加上 MultiLineString 特徵,請將圖層的 filter 選項設定為 any(eq(geometryType(), "LineString"), eq(geometryType(), "MultiLineString"))

必要條件

務必完成快速入門:建立 Android 應用程式文件中的步驟。 本文中的程式碼區塊可以插入地圖 onReady 事件處理常式中。

新增線條圖層

下列程式碼示範如何建立線條。 將這行程式碼新增至資料來源,然後使用 LineLayer 類別,以線條圖層呈現。

//Create a data source and add it to the map.
DataSource source = new DataSource();
map.sources.add(source);

//Create a list of points.
List<Point> points = Arrays.asList(
    Point.fromLngLat(-73.97234, 40.74327),
    Point.fromLngLat(-74.00442, 40.75680));

//Create a LineString geometry and add it to the data source.
source.add(LineString.fromLngLats(points));

//Create a line layer and add it to the map.
LineLayer layer = new LineLayer(source,
    strokeColor("blue"),
    strokeWidth(5f)
);

map.layers.add(layer);
//Create a data source and add it to the map.
val source = DataSource()
map.sources.add(source)

//Create a list of points.
val points = asList(
    Point.fromLngLat(-73.97234, 40.74327),
    Point.fromLngLat(-74.00442, 40.75680)
)

//Create a LineString geometry and add it to the data source.
source.add(LineString.fromLngLats(points))

//Create a line layer and add it to the map.
val layer = LineLayer(
    source,
    strokeColor("blue"),
    strokeWidth(5f)
)

map.layers.add(layer)

下列螢幕擷取畫面顯示上述程式碼在線條圖層中呈現一條線。

使用線條圖層呈現一條線的地圖

資料驅動的線條樣式

下列程式碼建立兩個線條特徵,並將速度限制值當作屬性新增至每一條線。 線條圖層使用資料驅動的樣式表達式,根據速度限制值將線條著色。 由於線條資料重疊在道路上,因此下列程式碼在標籤圖層下方新增線條圖層,所以仍然可以清楚看見道路標籤。

//Create a data source and add it to the map.
DataSource source = new DataSource();
map.sources.add(source);

//Create a line feature.
Feature feature = Feature.fromGeometry(
    LineString.fromLngLats(Arrays.asList(
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.131821, 47.704033),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.099919, 47.703678))));

//Add a property to the feature.
feature.addNumberProperty("speedLimitMph", 35);

//Add the feature to the data source.
source.add(feature);

//Create a second line feature.
Feature feature2 = Feature.fromGeometry(
    LineString.fromLngLats(Arrays.asList(
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.126662, 47.708265),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.126877, 47.703980))));

//Add a property to the second feature.
feature2.addNumberProperty("speedLimitMph", 15);

//Add the second feature to the data source.
source.add(feature2);

//Create a line layer and add it to the map.
LineLayer layer = new LineLayer(source,
    strokeColor(
        interpolate(
            linear(),
            get("speedLimitMph"),
            stop(0, color(Color.GREEN)),
            stop(30, color(Color.YELLOW)),
            stop(60, color(Color.RED))
        )
    ),
    strokeWidth(5f)
);

map.layers.add(layer, "labels");
//Create a data source and add it to the map.
val source = DataSource()
map.sources.add(source)

//Create a line feature.
val feature = Feature.fromGeometry(
    LineString.fromLngLats(
        Arrays.asList(
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.131821, 47.704033),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.099919, 47.703678)
        )
    )
)

//Add a property to the feature.
feature.addNumberProperty("speedLimitMph", 35)

//Add the feature to the data source.
source.add(feature)

//Create a second line feature.
val feature2 = Feature.fromGeometry(
    LineString.fromLngLats(
        Arrays.asList(
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.126662, 47.708265),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.126877, 47.703980)
        )
    )
)

//Add a property to the second feature.
feature2.addNumberProperty("speedLimitMph", 15)

//Add the second feature to the data source.
source.add(feature2)

//Create a line layer and add it to the map.
val layer = LineLayer(
    source,
    strokeColor(
        interpolate(
            linear(),
            get("speedLimitMph"),
            stop(0, color(Color.GREEN)),
            stop(30, color(Color.YELLOW)),
            stop(60, color(Color.RED))
        )
    ),
    strokeWidth(5f)
)

map.layers.add(layer, "labels")

下列螢幕擷取畫面顯示上述程式碼在線條圖層中呈現兩條線,並根據線條特徵中的屬性,從資料導向的樣式運算式中擷取色彩。

在線條圖層中呈現資料驅動樣式線條的地圖

將筆觸漸層新增至線條

您可為線條套用單一筆觸色彩。 您也可使用色彩漸層填滿線條來顯示從一個線段轉換到下一個線段。 例如,您可使用線條漸層表示經過一段時間和距離的變更,或連接線上物件的不同溫度。 為了將此特徵套用至線條,資料來源必須將 lineMetrics 選項設定為 true,這樣色彩漸層運算式就可以傳遞至線條的 strokeColor 選項。 筆觸漸層運算式必須參考向運算式公開計算結果行計量的 lineProgress 日期運算式。

//Create a data source and add it to the map.
DataSource source = new DataSource(
    //Enable line metrics on the data source. This is needed to enable support for strokeGradient.
    withLineMetrics(true)
);
map.sources.add(source);

//Create a line and add it to the data source.
source.add(LineString.fromLngLats(
    Arrays.asList(
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.18822, 47.63208),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.18204, 47.63196),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.17243, 47.62976),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.16419, 47.63023),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.15852, 47.62942),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.15183, 47.62988),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.14256, 47.63451),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.13483, 47.64041),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.13466, 47.64422),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.13844, 47.65440),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.13277, 47.66515),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.12779, 47.66712),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.11595, 47.66712),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.11063, 47.66735),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.10668, 47.67035),
        Point.fromLngLat(-122.10565, 47.67498)
    )
));

//Create a line layer and pass in a gradient expression for the strokeGradient property.
map.layers.add(new LineLayer(source,
    strokeWidth(6f),

    //Pass an interpolate or step expression that represents a gradient.
    strokeGradient(
        interpolate(
            linear(),
            lineProgress(),
            stop(0, color(Color.BLUE)),
            stop(0.1, color(Color.argb(255, 65, 105, 225))), //Royal Blue
            stop(0.3, color(Color.CYAN)),
            stop(0.5, color(Color.argb(255,0, 255, 0))), //Lime
            stop(0.7, color(Color.YELLOW)),
            stop(1, color(Color.RED))
        )
    )
));
//Create a data source and add it to the map.
val source = DataSource(
    //Enable line metrics on the data source. This is needed to enable support for strokeGradient.
    withLineMetrics(true)
)
map.sources.add(source)

//Create a line and add it to the data source.
source.add(
    LineString.fromLngLats(
        Arrays.asList(
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.18822, 47.63208),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.18204, 47.63196),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.17243, 47.62976),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.16419, 47.63023),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.15852, 47.62942),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.15183, 47.62988),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.14256, 47.63451),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13483, 47.64041),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13466, 47.64422),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13844, 47.65440),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13277, 47.66515),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.12779, 47.66712),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.11595, 47.66712),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.11063, 47.66735),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.10668, 47.67035),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.10565, 47.67498)
        )
    )
)

//Create a line layer and pass in a gradient expression for the strokeGradient property.
map.layers.add(
    LineLayer(
        source,
        strokeWidth(6f),  

        //Pass an interpolate or step expression that represents a gradient.
        strokeGradient(
            interpolate(
                linear(),
                lineProgress(),
                stop(0, color(Color.BLUE)),
                stop(0.1, color(Color.argb(255, 65, 105, 225))),  //Royal Blue
                stop(0.3, color(Color.CYAN)),
                stop(0.5, color(Color.argb(255, 0, 255, 0))),  //Lime
                stop(0.7, color(Color.YELLOW)),
                stop(1, color(Color.RED))
            )
        )
    )
)

下列螢幕擷取畫面顯示上述程式碼以漸層筆觸色彩呈現一條線。

在線條圖層中以漸層路徑呈現一條線的地圖

沿著線條新增符號

這個範例會示範如何沿著地圖上的線條新增箭號圖示。 使用符號圖層時,請將 symbolPlacement 選項設定為 SymbolPlacement.LINE。 這會沿著線條呈現符號,並旋轉圖示 (0 度 = 右方)。

//Create a data source and add it to the map.
DataSource source = new DataSource();
map.sources.add(source);

//Load a image of an arrow into the map image sprite and call it "arrow-icon".
map.images.add("arrow-icon", R.drawable.purple_arrow_right);

//Create and add a line to the data source.
source.add(LineString.fromLngLats(Arrays.asList(
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.18822, 47.63208),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.18204, 47.63196),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.17243, 47.62976),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.16419, 47.63023),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.15852, 47.62942),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.15183, 47.62988),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.14256, 47.63451),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.13483, 47.64041),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.13466, 47.64422),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.13844, 47.65440),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.13277, 47.66515),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.12779, 47.66712),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.11595, 47.66712),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.11063, 47.66735),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.10668, 47.67035),
    Point.fromLngLat(-122.10565, 47.67498)))
);

//Create a line layer and add it to the map.
map.layers.add(new LineLayer(source,
    strokeColor("DarkOrchid"),
    strokeWidth(5f)
));

//Create a symbol layer and add it to the map.
map.layers.add(new SymbolLayer(source,
    //Space symbols out along line.
    symbolPlacement(SymbolPlacement.LINE),

    //Spread the symbols out 100 pixels apart.
    symbolSpacing(100f),

    //Use the arrow icon as the symbol.
    iconImage("arrow-icon"),

    //Allow icons to overlap so that they aren't hidden if they collide with other map elements.
    iconAllowOverlap(true),

    //Center the symbol icon.
    iconAnchor(AnchorType.CENTER),

    //Scale the icon size.
    iconSize(0.8f)
));
//Create a data source and add it to the map.
val source = DataSource()
map.sources.add(source)

//Load a image of an arrow into the map image sprite and call it "arrow-icon".
map.images.add("arrow-icon", R.drawable.purple_arrow_right)

//Create and add a line to the data source.
//Create and add a line to the data source.
source.add(
    LineString.fromLngLats(
        Arrays.asList(
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.18822, 47.63208),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.18204, 47.63196),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.17243, 47.62976),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.16419, 47.63023),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.15852, 47.62942),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.15183, 47.62988),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.14256, 47.63451),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13483, 47.64041),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13466, 47.64422),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13844, 47.65440),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.13277, 47.66515),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.12779, 47.66712),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.11595, 47.66712),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.11063, 47.66735),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.10668, 47.67035),
            Point.fromLngLat(-122.10565, 47.67498)
        )
    )
)

//Create a line layer and add it to the map.
map.layers.add(
    LineLayer(
        source,
        strokeColor("DarkOrchid"),
        strokeWidth(5f)
    )
)

//Create a symbol layer and add it to the map.
map.layers.add(
    SymbolLayer(
        source,  //Space symbols out along line.
        symbolPlacement(SymbolPlacement.LINE),  //Spread the symbols out 100 pixels apart.
        symbolSpacing(100f),  //Use the arrow icon as the symbol.
        iconImage("arrow-icon"),  //Allow icons to overlap so that they aren't hidden if they collide with other map elements.
        iconAllowOverlap(true),  //Center the symbol icon.
        iconAnchor(AnchorType.CENTER),  //Scale the icon size.
        iconSize(0.8f)
    )
)

在此範例中,下列影像會載入至應用程式的可繪製資源資料夾。

紫色箭號圖示影像
purple-arrow-right.png

下列螢幕擷取畫面顯示上述程式碼在一條線上沿途出現箭號圖示。

在線條圖層中呈現資料驅動樣式線條與箭號的地圖

下一步

請參閱下列文章,以取得更多可新增至地圖的程式碼範例: