WMI 任务:进程

进程的 WMI 任务会获取信息,例如运行进程的帐户。 可以执行创建进程之类的操作。 有关其他示例,请通过 https://www.microsoft.com/technet 访问 TechNet ScriptCenter。

本主题中所示的脚本示例仅从本地计算机获取数据。 有关如何使用脚本从远程计算机获取数据的详细信息,请参阅连接到远程计算机上的 WMI

以下过程介绍了如何运行脚本。

运行脚本

  1. 复制代码并将其保存在扩展名为 .vbs 的文件中,例如 filename.vbs。 确保文本编辑器不会向该文件添加 .txt 扩展名。
  2. 打开命令提示符窗口并导航到保存该文件的目录。
  3. 在命令提示符下键入 cscript filename.vbs。
  4. 如果无法访问事件日志,请进行检查以查看是否正从提升的命令提示符运行。 某些事件日志(例如安全事件日志)可能受用户访问控制 (UAC) 的保护。

注意

默认情况下,cscript 会在命令提示符窗口中显示脚本的输出。 由于 WMI 脚本可以生成大量输出,因此可能需要将输出重定向到文件。 在命令提示符下键入 cscript filename.vbs > outfile.txt 以将 filename.vbs 脚本的输出重定向到 outfile.txt。

下表列出了可用于从本地计算机获取各种类型的数据的脚本示例。

如何实现... WMI 类或方法
...在隐藏的窗口中运行应用程序? 从使用 Win32_ProcessWin32_ProcessStartup 类的脚本调用应用程序。
VB
Const HIDDEN_WINDOW = 0
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set objStartup = objWMIService.Get("Win32_ProcessStartup")
Set objConfig = objStartup.SpawnInstance_
objConfig.ShowWindow = HIDDEN_WINDOW
Set objProcess = GetObject("winmgmts:root\cimv2:Win32_Process")
errReturn = objProcess.Create( "Notepad.exe", null, objConfig, intProcessID)
PowerShell
$startup=[wmiclass]"Win32_ProcessStartup"
$startup.Properties['ShowWindow'].value=$False
([wmiclass]"win32_Process").create('notepad.exe','C:\',$Startup)
...确定在本地计算机上运行的脚本?

使用 Win32_Process 类,返回名为 Cscript.exe 或 Wscript.exe 的所有进程。 若要确定在这些进程中运行的各个脚本,请检查 CommandLine 属性的值。

VB
strComputer = "." 
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\CIMV2") 
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_Process" & _
           " WHERE Name = 'cscript.exe'" & " OR Name = 'wscript.exe'",,48) 
For Each objItem in colItems 
    Wscript.Echo "-------------------------------------------"
    Wscript.Echo "CommandLine: " & objItem.CommandLine
    Wscript.Echo "Name: " & objItem.Name
Next
PowerShell
$strComputer = "."
Get-WmiObject -Class "Win32_Process" -ComputerName "." | `
     where {($_.name -eq 'cscript.exe') -or ($_.name -eq 'wscript.exe') } | `
     Format-List -Property CommandLine, Name
...找出运行进程的帐户名称?

使用 Win32_Process 类和 GetOwner 方法。

VB
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colProcessList = objWMIService.ExecQuery ("Select * from Win32_Process")
For Each objProcess in colProcessList
    colProperties = objProcess.GetOwner( strNameOfUser,strUserDomain)
    Wscript.Echo "Process " & objProcess.Name & " is owned by " & strUserDomain & "\" & strNameOfUser & "."
Next
PowerShell
Get-WmiObject -class win32_process -ComputerName "." | ForEach-Object { $_.GetOwner() | Select -Property domain, user }
...更改正在运行的进程的优先级?

使用 Win32_Process 类和 SetPriority 方法。

VB
Const ABOVE_NORMAL = 32768
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colProcesses = objWMIService.ExecQuery ("Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = 'Notepad.exe'")
For Each objProcess in colProcesses
    objProcess.SetPriority(ABOVE_NORMAL) 
Next
PowerShell
$ABOVE_NORMAL = 32768
$strComputer = "."
$colProcesses = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Process -ComputerName $strComputer | Where-Object { $_.name -eq 'Notepad.exe' }
foreach ($objProcess in $colProcesses) { $objProcess.SetPriority($ABOVE_NORMAL) }
...使用脚本终止进程?

使用 Win32_Process 类和 Terminate 方法。

VB
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colProcessList = objWMIService.ExecQuery ("Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = 'Notepad.exe'")
For Each objProcess in colProcessList
    objProcess.Terminate()
Next
PowerShell
$strComputer = "."
$colProcesses = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Process -ComputerName $strComputer | Where-Object { $_.name -eq 'Notepad.exe' }
foreach ($objProcess in $colProcesses) { $objProcess.Terminate() }
...确定每个进程使用的处理器时间和内存量?

使用 Win32_Process 类和属性,例如 KernelModeTime、WorkingSetSize、PageFileUsage 和 PageFaults。

VB
strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colProcesses = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_Process")
For Each objProcess in colProcesses
    Wscript.Echo "Process: " & objProcess.Name
    sngProcessTime = (CSng(objProcess.KernelModeTime) + CSng(objProcess.UserModeTime)) / 10000000
    Wscript.Echo "Processor Time: " & sngProcessTime
    Wscript.Echo "Process ID: " & objProcess.ProcessID
    Wscript.Echo "Working Set Size: " & objProcess.WorkingSetSize
    Wscript.Echo "Page File Size: " & objProcess.PageFileUsage
    Wscript.Echo "Page Faults: " & objProcess.PageFaults
Next
PowerShell
$strComputer = "."
Get-WmiObject -Class "Win32s_Process" -ComputerName $strComputer | `
     Format-List -Property Name, KernelModeTime, UserModeTime, ProcessID, WorkingSetSize, PageFileUsage, PageFaults
...告知远程计算机上正在运行哪些应用程序?

使用 Win32_Process 类。

VB
strComputer = "atl-dc-01"
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colProcessList = objWMIService.ExecQuery ("Select * from Win32_Process")
For Each objProcess in colProcessList
    Wscript.Echo "Process: " & objProcess.Name 
    Wscript.Echo "Process ID: " & objProcess.ProcessID 
    Wscript.Echo "Thread Count: " & objProcess.ThreadCount 
    Wscript.Echo "Page File Size: " & objProcess.PageFileUsage 
    Wscript.Echo "Page Faults: " & objProcess.PageFaults 
    Wscript.Echo "Working Set Size: " & objProcess.WorkingSetSize 
Next
PowerShell
strComputer = "atl-dc-01"
get-wmiObject -class Win32_Process -Namespace "root\cimv2" -ComputerName $strComputer | `
   Format-list Name, ProcessID, ThreadCount, PageFileUsage, PageFaults, WorkingSetSize

脚本和应用程序的 WMI 任务

WMI C++ 应用程序示例

TechNet ScriptCenter