如何：编译着色器

项目
06/12/2023

通常在生成过程中使用 fxc.exe HLSL 代码编译器来编译着色器代码。有关此内容的详细信息，请参阅编译着色器。本主题演示如何在运行时使用 D3DCompileFromFile 函数编译着色器代码。

编译着色器：

通过调用 D3DCompileFromFile 编译 HLSL 着色器代码。

    UINT flags = D3DCOMPILE_ENABLE_STRICTNESS;
#if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG )
    flags |= D3DCOMPILE_DEBUG;
#endif
    // Prefer higher CS shader profile when possible as CS 5.0 provides better performance on 11-class hardware.
    LPCSTR profile = ( device->GetFeatureLevel() >= D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0 ) ? "cs_5_0" : "cs_4_0";
    const D3D_SHADER_MACRO defines[] = 
    {
        "EXAMPLE_DEFINE", "1",
        NULL, NULL
    };
    ID3DBlob* shaderBlob = nullptr;
    ID3DBlob* errorBlob = nullptr;
    HRESULT hr = D3DCompileFromFile( srcFile, defines, D3D_COMPILE_STANDARD_FILE_INCLUDE,
                                     entryPoint, profile,
                                     flags, 0, &shaderBlob, &errorBlob );

下面的代码示例演示如何编译各种着色器。

注意

对于此示例代码，需要路径中 %PROGRAM_FILE%\Windows Kits\8.0\Redist\D3D\arch> 文件夹中的 Windows SDK 8.0 和< d3dcompiler_44.dll 文件。 Windows 应用商店应用支持用于开发的运行时编译，但不支持用于部署。

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x600
#include <stdio.h>

#include <d3dcompiler.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"d3dcompiler.lib")

HRESULT CompileShader( _In_ LPCWSTR srcFile, _In_ LPCSTR entryPoint, _In_ LPCSTR profile, _Outptr_ ID3DBlob** blob )
{
    if ( !srcFile || !entryPoint || !profile || !blob )
       return E_INVALIDARG;

    *blob = nullptr;

    UINT flags = D3DCOMPILE_ENABLE_STRICTNESS;
#if defined( DEBUG ) || defined( _DEBUG )
    flags |= D3DCOMPILE_DEBUG;
#endif

    const D3D_SHADER_MACRO defines[] = 
    {
        "EXAMPLE_DEFINE", "1",
        NULL, NULL
    };

    ID3DBlob* shaderBlob = nullptr;
    ID3DBlob* errorBlob = nullptr;
    HRESULT hr = D3DCompileFromFile( srcFile, defines, D3D_COMPILE_STANDARD_FILE_INCLUDE,
                                     entryPoint, profile,
                                     flags, 0, &shaderBlob, &errorBlob );
    if ( FAILED(hr) )
    {
        if ( errorBlob )
        {
            OutputDebugStringA( (char*)errorBlob->GetBufferPointer() );
            errorBlob->Release();
        }

        if ( shaderBlob )
           shaderBlob->Release();

        return hr;
    }    

    *blob = shaderBlob;

    return hr;
}

int main()
{
    // Compile vertex shader
    ID3DBlob *vsBlob = nullptr;
    HRESULT hr = CompileShader( L"BasicHLSL11_VS.hlsl", "VSMain", "vs_4_0_level_9_1", &vsBlob );
    if ( FAILED(hr) )
    {
        printf("Failed compiling vertex shader %08X\n", hr );
        return -1;
    }

    // Compile pixel shader
    ID3DBlob *psBlob = nullptr;
    hr = CompileShader( L"BasicHLSL11_PS.hlsl", "PSMain", "ps_4_0_level_9_1", &psBlob );
    if ( FAILED(hr) )
    {
        vsBlob->Release();
        printf("Failed compiling pixel shader %08X\n", hr );
        return -1;
    }

    printf("Success\n");

    // Clean up
    vsBlob->Release();
    psBlob->Release();

    return 0;
}

前面的代码示例编译 BasicHLSL11_PS.hlsl 和 BasicHLSL11_VS.hlsl 文件中的像素和顶点着色器代码块。下面是 BasicHLSL11_PS.hlsl 中的代码：

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// File: BasicHLSL11_PS.hlsl
//
// The pixel shader file for the BasicHLSL11 sample.  
// 
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Globals
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cbuffer cbPerObject : register( b0 )
{
    float4        g_vObjectColor            : packoffset( c0 );
};

cbuffer cbPerFrame : register( b1 )
{
    float3        g_vLightDir                : packoffset( c0 );
    float        g_fAmbient                : packoffset( c0.w );
};

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Textures and Samplers
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Texture2D    g_txDiffuse : register( t0 );
SamplerState g_samLinear : register( s0 );

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Input / Output structures
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct PS_INPUT
{
    float3 vNormal        : NORMAL;
    float2 vTexcoord    : TEXCOORD0;
};

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Pixel Shader
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
float4 PSMain( PS_INPUT Input ) : SV_TARGET
{
    float4 vDiffuse = g_txDiffuse.Sample( g_samLinear, Input.vTexcoord );
    
    float fLighting = saturate( dot( g_vLightDir, Input.vNormal ) );
    fLighting = max( fLighting, g_fAmbient );
    
    return vDiffuse * fLighting;
}

下面是 BasicHLSL11_VS.hlsl 中的代码：

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// File: BasicHLSL11_VS.hlsl
//
// The vertex shader file for the BasicHLSL11 sample.  
// 
// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Globals
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
cbuffer cbPerObject : register( b0 )
{
    matrix        g_mWorldViewProjection    : packoffset( c0 );
    matrix        g_mWorld                : packoffset( c4 );
};

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Input / Output structures
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
struct VS_INPUT
{
    float4 vPosition    : POSITION;
    float3 vNormal        : NORMAL;
    float2 vTexcoord    : TEXCOORD0;
};

struct VS_OUTPUT
{
    float3 vNormal        : NORMAL;
    float2 vTexcoord    : TEXCOORD0;
    float4 vPosition    : SV_POSITION;
};

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Vertex Shader
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VS_OUTPUT VSMain( VS_INPUT Input )
{
    VS_OUTPUT Output;
    
    Output.vPosition = mul( Input.vPosition, g_mWorldViewProjection );
    Output.vNormal = mul( Input.vNormal, (float3x3)g_mWorld );
    Output.vTexcoord = Input.vTexcoord;
    
    return Output;
}

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