WMI 任务：计算机硬件

项目
03/11/2025

计算机硬件的 WMI 任务获取有关硬件组件的状态、状态或属性的信息。例如，你可以确定计算机是台式机还是笔记本电脑。有关其他示例，请参阅 techNet ScriptCenter at https://www.microsoft.com/technet。

本主题中显示的脚本示例仅从本地计算机获取数据。有关如何使用脚本从远程计算机获取数据的详细信息，请参阅连接到远程计算机上的 WMI。

运行脚本

以下过程介绍如何运行脚本。

复制代码并将其保存在扩展名为 .vbs 的文件中，例如 filename.vbs。确保文本编辑器不会向文件添加 .txt 扩展名。
打开命令提示符窗口并导航到保存文件的目录。
在命令提示符下键入 cscript filename.vbs。
如果无法访问事件日志，请检查是否正在从提升的命令提示符运行。某些事件日志（如安全事件日志）可能受用户访问控制（UAC）保护。

注意

默认情况下，cscript 会在命令提示符窗口中显示脚本的输出。由于 WMI 脚本可以生成大量输出，因此可能需要将输出重定向到文件。在命令提示符下键入 cscript filename.vbs > outfile.txt，将 filename.vbs 脚本的输出重定向到 outfile.txt。

下表列出了可用于从本地计算机获取各种类型的数据的脚本示例。

如何... WMI 类或方法

...确定计算机有多少可用内存？

使用类 Win32_OperatingSystem 和 FreePhysicalMemory 属性。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colSettings = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_OperatingSystem")
For Each objOperatingSystem in colSettings 
    Wscript.Echo "Available Physical Memory: " & objOperatingSystem.FreePhysicalMemory
Next

PowerShell
`$mem = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem "System : {0}" -f $mem.csname "Free Memory: {0}" -f $mem.FreePhysicalMemory`

...确定计算机是否具有 DVD 驱动器？

使用 Win32_CDROMDrive 类，并在名称或 DeviceID 属性中检查首字母缩略词 DVD。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject( "winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_CDROMDrive")
For Each objItem in colItems
    Wscript.Echo "Device ID: " & objItem.DeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "Description: " & objItem.Description
    Wscript.Echo "Name: " & objItem.Name 
Next

PowerShell
`$drives = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_CDROMDrives $drives \| Format-Table DeviceID, Description, Name -autosize`

...确定计算机上安装了多少 RAM？

使用 Win32_ComputerSystem 类并检查 TotalPhysicalMemory 属性的值。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colSettings = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_ComputerSystem")
For Each objComputer in colSettings 
    Wscript.Echo "System Name: " & objComputer.Name
    Wscript.Echo "Total Physical Memory: " & objComputer.TotalPhysicalMemory
Next

PowerShell
`$mem = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem`

...确定计算机是否有多个处理器？

使用 Win32_ComputerSystem 类和属性 NumberOfProcessors。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colSettings = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_ComputerSystem")
For Each objComputer in colSettings 
    Wscript.Echo "System Name: " & objComputer.Name
    Wscript.Echo "Number of Processors: " & objComputer.NumberOfProcessors
Next

PowerShell
`"System Name : {0}" -f $system.Name "Number of Processors: {0}" -f $system.NumberOfProcessors`

...确定计算机是否具有 PCMCIA 槽？

使用 Win32_PCMCIAController 类并检查 Count 属性的值。如果计数为 0，则计算机没有 PCMCIA 槽。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PCMCIAController")
Wscript.Echo "Number of PCMCIA slots: " & colItems.Count

PowerShell
`$Pcmcia = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PCMCIAController` `if (!$pcmcia.count) { "Number of PCMCIA Slots: {0}" -f 1 }else { "Number of PCMCIA Slots: {0}" -f $pcmcia.count }`

...识别未正常工作的设备（在 Device Manager中使用感叹号图标标记的设备？

使用 Win32_PnPEntity 类，并在 WQL 查询中使用以下子句。 WHERE ConfigManagerErrorCode <> 0 请注意，此代码可能无法检测缺少驱动程序的 USB 设备。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PnPEntity WHERE ConfigManagerErrorCode <> 0")
For Each objItem in colItems
    Wscript.Echo "Class GUID: " & objItem.ClassGuid
    Wscript.Echo "Description: " & objItem.Description
    Wscript.Echo "Device ID: " & objItem.DeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "Manufacturer: " & objItem.Manufacturer
    Wscript.Echo "Name: " & objItem.Name
    Wscript.Echo "PNP Device ID: " & objItem.PNPDeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "Service: " & objItem.Service
Next

PowerShell

$baddevices = Get-WmiObject Win32_PNPEntity | where {$_.ConfigManagerErrorcode -ne 0}
" Total Bad devices: {0}" -f $baddevices.count
foreach ($device in $baddevices) {
    "Name : {0}" -f $device.name
    "Class Guid : {0}" -f $device.Classguid
    "Description : {0}" -f $device.Description
    "Device ID : {0}" -f $device.deviceid
    "Manufacturer : {0}" -f $device.manufactuer
    "PNP Devcice Id : {0}" -f $device.PNPDeviceID
    "Service Name : {0}" -f $device.service
    ""
}

...确定计算机上使用的鼠标的属性？

使用 Win32_PointingDevice 类。这会返回所有指向设备的属性，而不仅仅是鼠标设备。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PointingDevice")
For Each objItem in colItems
    Wscript.Echo "Description: " & objItem.Description
    Wscript.Echo "Device ID: " & objItem.DeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "Device Interface: " & objItem.DeviceInterface
    Wscript.Echo "Double Speed Threshold: " & objItem.DoubleSpeedThreshold
    Wscript.Echo "Handedness: " & objItem.Handedness
    Wscript.Echo "Hardware Type: " & objItem.HardwareType
    Wscript.Echo "INF File Name: " & objItem.InfFileName
    Wscript.Echo "INF Section: " & objItem.InfSection
    Wscript.Echo "Manufacturer: " & objItem.Manufacturer
    Wscript.Echo "Name: " & objItem.Name
    Wscript.Echo "Number Of Buttons: " & objItem.NumberOfButtons
    Wscript.Echo "PNP Device ID: " & objItem.PNPDeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "Pointing Type: " & objItem.PointingType
    Wscript.Echo "Quad Speed Threshold: " & objItem.QuadSpeedThreshold
    Wscript.Echo "Resolution: " & objItem.Resolution
    Wscript.Echo "Sample Rate: " & objItem.SampleRate
    Wscript.Echo "Synch: " & objItem.Synch
Next

PowerShell

              
              # 获取鼠标信息$mouse = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PointingDevice

              <# 解码解码 #>
function Deviceinterface { param （$value） switch （$value） { 0 {“Other”} 1 {“Unknown”} 3 {“Serial”} 4 {“PS/2”} 5 {“Infrared”} 6 {“HP-HIL”} 7 {“Bus Mouse”} 8 {“ADP （Apple Desktop Bus）”} 160 {“Bus Mouse DB-9”} 161 {“Bus Mouse Micro-DIN”} 162 {“USB”} }
function Handedness { param （$value） switch （$value） { 0 {“Unknown”} 1 {“Not Applicable”} 2 {“Right-Handed Operation”} 3 {“Left-Handed Operation”} } }
function Pointingtype {
param （$value） 开关 （$value） { 1 {“Other”} 2 {“Unknown”} 3 {“Mouse”} 4 {“Track Ball”} 5 {“Track Point”} 6 {“Glide Point”} 7 {“Touch Pad”} 8 {“Touch Screen”} 9 {“Mouse - 光学传感器”} } } }

              <# 显示详细信息 #>
"Mouse Information on System: {0}" -f $mouse.systemname
"Description : {0}" -f $mouse.Description
"Device ID : {0}" -f $mouse.DeviceID
"Device Interface : {0}" -f (Deviceinterface($mouse.DeviceInterface))
"Double Speed Threshold : {0}" -f $mouse.DoubleSpeedThreshold
"Handedness : {0}" -f (Handedness($mouse.handedness))
"Hardware Type : {0}" -f $mouse.Hardwaretype
"INF FIle Name : {0}" -f $mouse.InfFileName
"Inf Section : {0}" -f $mouse.InfSection
"Manufacturer : {0}" -f $mouse.Manufacturer
"Name : {0}" -f $mouse.Name
"Number of buttons : {0}" -f $mouse.NumberOfButtons
"PNP Device ID : {0}" -f $mouse.PNPDeviceID
"Pointing Type : {0}" -f (Pointingtype ($mouse.PointingType))
"Quad Speed Threshold : {0}" -f $mouse.QuadSpeedThreshold
"Resolution : {0}" -f $mouse.Resolution
"Sample Rate : {0}" -f $mouse.SampleRate
"Synch : {0}" -f $mouse.Synch

...确定计算机中安装的处理器的速度？

使用 Win32_Processor 类并检查 MaxClockSpeed 属性的值。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_Processor")
For Each objItem in colItems
    Wscript.Echo "Processor Id: " & objItem.ProcessorId
    Wscript.Echo "Maximum Clock Speed: " & objItem.MaxClockSpeed
Next

...确定计算机是否是塔、迷你塔、笔记本电脑等？

使用 Win32_SystemEnclosure 类并检查 ChassisType 属性的值。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colChassis = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_SystemEnclosure")
For Each objChassis in colChassis
    For Each objItem in objChassis.ChassisTypes
        Wscript.Echo "Chassis Type: " & objItem
    Next
Next

PowerShell
`$processors = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Processor foreach ($proc in $processors) { "Processor ID: " + $proc.ProcessorID "Maximum Clock Speed: " + $proc.MaxClockSpeed }`

...获取计算机的序列号和资产标记？

使用 Win32_SystemEnclosure 类，以及 SerialNumber 和 SMBIOSAssetTag的属性。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colSMBIOS = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_SystemEnclosure")
For Each objSMBIOS in colSMBIOS
    Wscript.Echo "Part Number: " & objSMBIOS.PartNumber
    Wscript.Echo "Serial Number: " & objSMBIOS.SerialNumber
    Wscript.Echo "Asset Tag: " & objSMBIOS.SMBIOSAssetTag
Next

PowerShell

$colSMBIOS = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_SystemEnclosure

foreach ($objSMBIOS in $colSMBIOS) { "Part Number: " + $objSMBIOS.PartNumber "Serial Number: " + $objSMBIOS.SerialNumber "Asset Tag: " + $objSMBIOS.SMBIOSAssetTag }

...确定插入 USB 端口的设备类型？

使用 Win32_USBHub 类并检查 Description 属性。此属性可能具有“大容量存储设备”或“打印支持”等值。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_USBHub")
For Each objItem in colItems
    Wscript.Echo "Device ID: " & objItem.DeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "PNP Device ID: " & objItem.PNPDeviceID
    Wscript.Echo "Description: " & objItem.Description
    Wscript.Echo
Next

PowerShell
`$colItems = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_USBHub` `foreach ($objItem in $colItems) { "Device ID: " + $objItem.DeviceID "PNP Device ID: " + $objItem.PNPDeviceID "Description: " + $objItem.Description }`

...确定计算机上安装了多少个磁带机？

使用类 Win32_TapeDrive 类，然后使用 SWbemObjectSet.Count 方法。如果 Count = 0，则计算机上未安装磁带驱动器。

strComputer = "."
Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
Set colItems = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_TapeDrive")
Wscript.Echo "Number of tape drives: " & colItems.Count

PowerShell
`$colItems = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_TapeDrive` `foreach ($objItem in $colItems) { "Number of Drives: " + $colItems.Count }`

例子

“使用 PowerShell 进行多线程系统资产收集”PowerShell 示例通过 WMI 收集大量有用的系统信息，并使用 powershell 进行多线程处理。

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WMI 任务：计算机硬件

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通过

WMI 任务：计算机硬件

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