快速入门：向存储设备发送一个文件 (HTML)
[ 本文适用于编写 Windows 运行时应用的 Windows 8.x 和 Windows Phone 8.x 开发人员。如果你要针对 Windows 10 进行开发，请参阅 最新文档 ]
本教程介绍如何通过使用 Windows.Devices.Portable.Storage.FromId 实例化一个存储对象将文件复制到可移动存储设备。
目标: 你将了解如何使用 Windows.Devices.Enumeration API 来枚举可移动存储设备，并选择其中一个设备用于实例化存储对象，此存储对象可用作 copyAsync 操作的目标。
先决条件
你应该熟悉 JavaScript 和 HTML。
你需要有一个可移动的存储设备。
完成所需时间: 20 分钟.
说明
1. 打开 Microsoft Visual Studio
打开 Visual Studio 的一个实例。
2. 创建一个新项目
在“新建项目”对话框中，从 JavaScript 项目类型中选择一个空白应用程序。
3. 声明可移动存储功能
在解决方案资源管理器中，双击“package.appxmanifest”。选择“功能”选项卡。在“功能”列表中选中“可移动存储”。
4. 插入应用程序 JavaScript 和 HTML
打开 Default.html，将以下 HTML 复制到此文件中，并替换掉原来的内容。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Removable Storage Devices</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/winjs/css/ui-dark.css" />
<script type = "text/javascript" >
Enum = Windows.Devices.Enumeration;
// Enumerate removable storage devices.
// The success callback selects the removable storage to use.
function pickStorage(){
Enum.DeviceInformation.findAllAsync(
Windows.Devices.Portable.StorageDevice.getDeviceSelector(),
null).then(
successCallback,
errorCallback);
}
// Handler that's called when removable storages are found.
// The storageDevices parameter is of type
// Windows.Devices.Enumeration.DeviceInformationCollection
function successCallback(storageDevices){
var removableStorage;
if (storageDevices.length) {
try {
// Create an IStorageItem from the first removable storage device
removableStorage = Windows.Devices.Portable.StorageDevice.fromId(
storageDevices.getAt(0).id);
} catch (e) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML =
"Error creating storage item: " + e.message;
}
if (removableStorage != null) {
PickAndSend(removableStorage, removableStorage.name);
}
}
}
function errorCallback(e) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML = "Error: " + e.message;
}
// Pick a file, and send it to the removable storage device
// removableStorage: The IStorageItem representing the storage device
// removableStorageName: The name of the storage device
function PickAndSend(removableStorage, removableStorageName) {
// Create the picker for selecting an image file
var picker = new Windows.Storage.Pickers.FileOpenPicker();
// Set the collection of types that the file open picker displays.
picker.fileTypeFilter.replaceAll([".jpg", ".png", ".gif"]);
// Set the initial location where the file picker looks
picker.suggestedStartLocation =
Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerLocationId.picturesLibrary;
picker.pickSingleFileAsync().then(
function (sourceFile) {
// sourceFile is null if the user
// clicked cancel from the picker
if (sourceFile == null) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML =
"No file was picked.";
}
else {
// Copy the file to the storage device
// using StorageFile.copyAsync
sourceFile.copyAsync(removableStorage).then(
function (newFile) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML =
"Created file: " + newFile.name + " on " +
removableStorageName + "<br/>";
},
function (e) {
// A failure here could mean that the removable storage
// does not allow file creation on its root.
// We try to find a folder to copy the file to.
copyToFirstAvailableFolder(
removableStorage, sourceFile);
}); // end sourceFile.copyAsync
} // end if (sourceFile)
}); // end pickSingleFileAsync.then
}
function copyToFirstAvailableFolder(removableStorage, sourceFile) {
// Construct a recursive folder search
var queryOptions = new Windows.Storage.Search.QueryOptions(
Windows.Storage.Search.CommonFolderQuery.defaultQuery);
queryOptions.folderDepth = Windows.Storage.Search.FolderDepth.deep;
var deepFolderQuery =
removableStorage.createFolderQueryWithOptions(queryOptions);
deepFolderQuery.getFoldersAsync().then(
function (folders) {
copyToFolder(folders, 0, sourceFile);
},
function (e) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML =
"Failed to find any folders to copy to: " + e.message;
});
}
function copyToFolder(folderList, currentIndex, sourceFile) {
if (currentIndex === folderList.length) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML =
"Failed to find a writable folder to copy to";
return;
}
var destinationFolder = folderList[currentIndex];
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML =
"Trying folder: " + destinationFolder.name + "...";
performCopyToDevice(
destinationFolder,
sourceFile,
function (newFile) {
document.getElementById("output").innerHTML += "Created file: " +
newFile.name + " in folder: " + destinationFolder.name + "<br/>";
},
function (e) {
copyToFolder(folderList, currentIndex + 1, sourceFile);
});
}
function performCopyToDevice(
destinationFolder, sourceFile, completedHandler, errorHandler) {
if (itemInFileSystemStorage(destinationFolder)) {
sourceFile.copyAsync(destinationFolder).then(
completedHandler, errorHandler);
} else {
// Use createFile/stream copy for non-file-system-based storages
var destOutputStream = null;
var newFile = null;
return destinationFolder.createFileAsync(sourceFile.fileName).
then(
function (file) {
newFile = file;
return newFile.openAsync(
Windows.Storage.FileAccessMode.readWrite);
},
errorHandler).
then(
function (destStream) {
destOutputStream = destStream.getOutputStreamAt(0);
return sourceFile.openForReadAsync();
},
errorHandler).
then(
function (sourceInputStream) {
Windows.Storage.Streams.RandomAccessStream.copy(
sourceInputStream, destOutputStream);
return destOutputStream.flushAsync();
},
errorHandler).
then(
function () {
completedHandler(newFile);
},
errorHandler);
}
}
function itemInFileSystemStorage(item) {
// Items in file-system-backed storages have a non-zero-length path
return (item.path.length > 0);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<p>
Click "Send File" <br /> </p>
<input type="button" onclick="pickStorage()"
value="Pick and Send File to Storage" /><br />
<div id=output></div>
</body>
</html>
5. 测试应用程序
- 如果你的可移动存储设备未连接，请将其插入。
- 在“调试”****菜单上，单击“启动调试”测试该解决方案。
- 单击“选取文件并发送到存储”****按钮以使用文件选取器选取文件，然后将文件复制到可移动存储设备。
注意 如果出错，请检查以下内容：
- 确保已启用对可移动存储的访问权限，方法是在解决方案资源管理器中打开 package.appxmanifest 并在“功能”****选项卡中选中“可移动存储”。
摘要
你已经了解了如何将本地文件复制到可移动存储设备。 在下一教程中，你将了解如何从可移动存储设备获取图像文件并显示它。