Predicate Versions of heap

在 Visual C++ 演示如何使用 堆 STL 功能的特性版本。

template<class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare> inline
   void make_heap(
      RandomAccessIterator First, 
      RandomAccessIterator Last, 
      Compare Compare
   )
template<class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare> inline
   void sort_heap(
      RandomAccessIterator First, 
      RandomAccessIterator Last, 
      Compare Compare
   )
template<class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare> inline
   void push_heap(
      RandomAccessIterator First, 
      RandomAccessIterator Last, 
      Compare Compare
   )
template<class RandomAccessIterator, class Compare> inline
   void pop_heap(
      RandomAccessIterator First, 
      RandomAccessIterator Last, 
      Compare Compare
   )

备注

说明
类/参数名在原型不匹配版本在头文件。修改某些提高可读性。

堆是元素顺序组织方式与二叉树。每个堆元素都对应于树节点。在序列 [First的第一个值。Last) 是根和谓词所排序。例如，因此，如果谓词会更大，在堆中的每个元素满足以下语句:每个元素大于或等于其父级。最小元素在根存储区，因此，所有子级表示进度较大的值。make_heap 功能将范围 [First。Last) 到堆。sort_heap 功能排序使用 make_heap 功能，创建的序列。push_heap 功能插入一个新值赋给堆。pop_heap 功能交换堆中的第一个和最后一个元素指定的 [First， Last)，然后减少序列的长度按一个在回收堆属性。堆函数的谓词版本用于比较比较函数。

示例

// heap_PVfunctions.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
// Illustrates how to use the predicate versions
// of the make_heap, sort_heap, push_heap
// and pop_heap functions.
//
// Functions:
//
//    make_heap : Convert a sequence to a heap.
//    sort_heap : Sort a heap.
//    push_heap : Insert an element in a heap.
//    pop_heap  : Remove the top element from a heap.
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// disable warning C4786: symbol greater than 255 character,
// okay to ignore
#pragma warning(disable: 4786)

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;


int main()
{
   const int VECTOR_SIZE = 8 ;

   // Define a template class vector of int
   typedef vector<int > IntVector ;

   //Define an iterator for template class vector of strings
   typedef IntVector::iterator IntVectorIt ;

   IntVector Numbers(VECTOR_SIZE) ;
   IntVectorIt it ;

   // Initialize vector Numbers
   Numbers[0] = 4 ;
   Numbers[1] = 10;
   Numbers[2] = 70 ;
   Numbers[3] = 10 ;
   Numbers[4] = 30 ;
   Numbers[5] = 69 ;
   Numbers[6] = 96 ;
   Numbers[7] = 100;

   // print content of Numbers
   cout << "Numbers { " ;
   for(it = Numbers.begin(); it != Numbers.end(); it++)
      cout << *it << " " ;
   cout << " }\n" << endl ;

   // convert Numbers into a heap
   make_heap(Numbers.begin(), Numbers.end(), greater<int>()) ;
   cout << "After calling make_heap\n" << endl ;

   // print content of Numbers
   cout << "Numbers { " ;
   for(it = Numbers.begin(); it != Numbers.end(); it++)
      cout << *it << " " ;
   cout << " }\n" << endl ;

   // sort the heapified sequence Numbers
   sort_heap(Numbers.begin(), Numbers.end(), greater<int>()) ;
   cout << "After calling sort_heap\n" << endl ;

   // print content of Numbers
   cout << "Numbers { " ;
   for(it = Numbers.begin(); it != Numbers.end(); it++)
      cout << *it << " " ;
   cout << " }\n" << endl ;

   make_heap(Numbers.begin(), Numbers.end(), greater<int>()) ;
   //insert an element in the heap
   Numbers.push_back(7) ;
   push_heap(Numbers.begin(), Numbers.end(), greater<int>()) ;
   cout << "After calling push_heap()\n" << endl;

   // print content of Numbers
   cout << "Numbers { " ;
   for(it = Numbers.begin(); it != Numbers.end(); it++)
      cout << *it << " " ;
   cout << " }\n" << endl ;

   //remove the root element from the heap Numbers
   pop_heap(Numbers.begin(), Numbers.end(), greater<int>()) ;
   cout << "After calling pop_heap\n" << endl ;

   // print content of Numbers
   cout << "Numbers { " ;
   for(it = Numbers.begin(); it != Numbers.end(); it++)
      cout << *it << " " ;
   cout << " }\n" << endl ;
}

要求

标题: algorithm

请参见

概念

标准模板库示例