orderby 子句（C# 参考）
更新：2007 年 11 月
在查询表达式中，orderby 子句可使返回的序列或子序列（组）按升序或降序排序。可以指定多个键，以便执行一个或多个次要排序操作。排序是由针对元素类型的默认比较器执行的。默认排序顺序为升序。您还可以指定自定义比较器。但是，只能通过基于方法的语法使用它。有关更多信息，请参见对数据进行排序。
示例
在下面的示例中，第一个查询按从 A 开始的字母顺序对单词进行排序，第二个查询按降序对相同的单词进行排序。（ascending 关键字是默认排序值，可以省略。）
class OrderbySample1
{
static void Main()
{
// Create a delicious data source.
string[] fruits = { "cherry", "apple", "blueberry" };
// Query for ascending sort.
IEnumerable<string> sortAscendingQuery =
from fruit in fruits
orderby fruit //"ascending" is default
select fruit;
// Query for descending sort.
IEnumerable<string> sortDescendingQuery =
from w in fruits
orderby w descending
select w;
// Execute the query.
Console.WriteLine("Ascending:");
foreach (string s in sortAscendingQuery)
{
Console.WriteLine(s);
}
// Execute the query.
Console.WriteLine(Environment.NewLine + "Descending:");
foreach (string s in sortDescendingQuery)
{
Console.WriteLine(s);
}
// Keep the console window open in debug mode.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
/* Output:
Ascending:
apple
blueberry
cherry
Descending:
cherry
blueberry
apple
*/
下面的示例对学生的姓氏执行主要排序，然后对他们的名字执行次要排序。
class OrderbySample2
{
// The element type of the data source.
public class Student
{
public string First { get; set; }
public string Last { get; set; }
public int ID { get; set; }
}
public static List<Student> GetStudents()
{
// Use a collection initializer to create the data source. Note that each element
// in the list contains an inner sequence of scores.
List<Student> students = new List<Student>
{
new Student {First="Svetlana", Last="Omelchenko", ID=111},
new Student {First="Claire", Last="O'Donnell", ID=112},
new Student {First="Sven", Last="Mortensen", ID=113},
new Student {First="Cesar", Last="Garcia", ID=114},
new Student {First="Debra", Last="Garcia", ID=115}
};
return students;
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the data source.
List<Student> students = GetStudents();
// Create the query.
IEnumerable<Student> sortedStudents =
from student in students
orderby student.Last ascending, student.First ascending
select student;
// Execute the query.
Console.WriteLine("sortedStudents:");
foreach (Student student in sortedStudents)
Console.WriteLine(student.Last + " " + student.First);
// Now create groups and sort the groups. The query first sorts the names
// of all students so that they will be in alphabetical order after they are
// grouped. The second orderby sorts the group keys in alpha order.
var sortedGroups =
from student in students
orderby student.Last, student.First
group student by student.Last[0] into newGroup
orderby newGroup.Key
select newGroup;
// Execute the query.
Console.WriteLine(Environment.NewLine + "sortedGroups:");
foreach (var studentGroup in sortedGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine(studentGroup.Key);
foreach (var student in studentGroup)
{
Console.WriteLine(" {0}, {1}", student.Last, student.First);
}
}
// Keep the console window open in debug mode
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to exit.");
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
/* Output:
sortedStudents:
Garcia Cesar
Garcia Debra
Mortensen Sven
O'Donnell Claire
Omelchenko Svetlana
sortedGroups:
G
Garcia, Cesar
Garcia, Debra
M
Mortensen, Sven
O
O'Donnell, Claire
Omelchenko, Svetlana
*/
备注
编译时，orderby 子句被转换为对 OrderBy 方法的调用。orderby 子句中的多个键转换为 ThenBy 方法调用。