如何:使用 Windows 窗体计时器组件以设置的间隔运行过程
更新:2007 年 11 月
有时您可能想创建一个过程,使其以特定时间间隔运行直至一个循环完成,或者使其在经过所设置的时间间隔后运行。Timer 组件使这种过程成为可能。
该组件是为 Windows 窗体环境设计的。如果您需要适合服务器环境的计时器,请参见 基于服务器的计时器介绍。
说明: |
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使用 Timer 组件时会受到某些限制。有关更多信息,请参见 Windows 窗体 Timer 组件的 Interval 属性的限制。 |
使用计时器组件以设置的间隔运行过程
在窗体中添加 Timer。有关如何以编程方式执行此操作的说明,请参见以下示例部分。此外,Visual Studio 还支持在窗体中添加组件。如何:向 Windows 窗体添加无用户界面的控件
如何:向 Windows 窗体添加无用户界面的控件
如何:向 Windows 窗体添加无用户界面的控件
如何:向 Windows 窗体添加无用户界面的控件为计时器设置 Interval 属性(以毫秒为单位)。该属性决定在再次运行该过程之前所经过的时间。
说明: 计时器事件发生越频繁,用于响应该事件的处理器时间就越长。这会降低整体性能。请勿将间隔设置得比所需值小。
合适的时候,将 Enabled 属性设置为 false,以使过程停止再次运行。将间隔设置为 0,并不会导致计时器停止。
示例
第一个代码示例以一秒为增量单位跟踪每天的时间。它在窗体中使用了 Button、Label 和 Timer 组件。将 Interval 属性设置为 1000(等于一秒钟)。在 Tick 事件中,将标签的标题设置为当前时间。当单击按钮时,Enabled 属性将设置为 false,以使计时器停止更新标签的标题。下面的代码示例要求您拥有一个窗体,该窗体具有一个名为 Button1 的 Button 控件、一个名为 Timer1 的 Timer 控件和一个名为 Label1 的 Label 控件。
Private Sub InitializeTimer()
' Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
' Set to 1 second.
Timer1.Interval = 1000
' Enable timer.
Timer1.Enabled = True
Button1.Text = "Enabled"
End Sub
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Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal Sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
' Set the caption to the current time.
Label1.Text = DateTime.Now
End Sub
Private Sub Button1_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button1.Click
If Button1.Text = "Stop" Then
Button1.Text = "Start"
Timer1.Enabled = False
Else
Button1.Text = "Stop"
Timer1.Enabled = True
End If
End Sub
private void InitializeTimer()
{
//' Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
// Set to 1 second.
Timer1.Interval = 1000;
// Enable timer.
Timer1.Enabled = true;
Button1.Text = "Stop";
}
private void Timer1_Tick(object Sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Set the caption to the current time.
Label1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
private void Button1_Click()
{
if ( Button1.Text == "Stop" )
{
Button1.Text = "Start";
Timer1.Enabled = false;
}
else
{
Button1.Text = "Stop";
Timer1.Enabled = true;
}
}
private void InitializeTimer()
{
// Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
// Set to 1 second.
Timer1.set_Interval(1000);
// Enable timer.
Timer1.set_Enabled(true);
Button1.set_Text("Stop");
}
private void Timer1_Tick(System.Object Sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Set the caption to the current time.
Label1.set_Text(DateTime.get_Now().ToString());
}
private void Button1_Click()
{
if ( Button1.get_Text() == "Stop" )
{
Button1.set_Text("Start");
Timer1.set_Enabled(false);
}
else
{
Button1.set_Text("Stop");
Timer1.set_Enabled(true);
}
}
private:
void InitializeTimer()
{
// Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
// Set to 1 second.
timer1->Interval = 1000;
// Enable timer.
timer1->Enabled = true;
button1->Text = S"Stop";
}
void timer1_Tick(System::Object ^ sender,
System::EventArgs ^ e)
{
// Set the caption to the current time.
label1->Text = DateTime::Now.ToString();
}
void button1_Click(System::Object ^ sender,
System::EventArgs ^ e)
{
if ( button1->Text == "Stop" )
{
button1->Text = "Start";
timer1->Enabled = false;
}
else
{
button1->Text = "Stop";
timer1->Enabled = true;
}
}
第二个代码示例每隔 600 毫秒运行一次过程,直到循环完成时为止。下面的代码示例要求您拥有一个窗体,该窗体具有一个名为 Button1 的 Button 控件、一个名为 Timer1 的 Timer 控件和一个名为 Label1 的 Label 控件。
' This variable will be the loop counter.
Private counter As Integer
Private Sub InitializeTimer()
' Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
counter = 0
Timer1.Interval = 600
Timer1.Enabled = True
End Sub
Private Sub Timer1_Tick(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Timer1.Tick
If counter => 10 Then
' Exit loop code.
Timer1.Enabled = False
counter = 0
Else
' Run your procedure here.
' Increment counter.
counter = counter + 1
Label1.Text = "Procedures Run: " & counter.ToString
End If
End Sub
// This variable will be the loop counter.
private int counter;
private void InitializeTimer()
{
// Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
counter = 0;
timer1.Interval = 600;
timer1.Enabled = true;
// Hook up timer's tick event handler.
this.timer1.Tick += new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick);
}
private void timer1_Tick(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
if (counter >= 10)
{
// Exit loop code.
timer1.Enabled = false;
counter = 0;
}
else
{
// Run your procedure here.
// Increment counter.
counter = counter + 1;
label1.Text = "Procedures Run: " + counter.ToString();
}
}
// Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
counter = 0;
timer1.set_Interval(600);
timer1.set_Enabled(true);
// Wire up timer's tick event handler.
this.timer1.add_Tick(new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick));
private void timer1_Tick(System.Object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
if ( counter >= 10 )
{
// Exit loop code.
timer1.set_Enabled(false);
counter = 0;
}
else
{
// Run your procedure here.
// Increment counter.
counter = counter + 1;
this.timer1.add_Tick(new System.EventHandler(this.timer1_Tick));
}
}
private:
int counter;
void InitializeTimer()
{
// Run this procedure in an appropriate event.
counter = 0;
timer1->Interval = 600;
timer1->Enabled = true;
// Hook up timer's tick event handler.
this->timer1->Tick += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::timer1_Tick);
}
void timer1_Tick(System::Object ^ sender,
System::EventArgs ^ e)
{
if (counter >= 10)
{
// Exit loop code.
timer1->Enabled = false;
counter = 0;
}
else
{
// Run your procedure here.
// Increment counter.
counter = counter + 1;
label1->Text = String::Concat("Procedures Run: ",
counter.ToString());
}
}