如何：以编程方式创建 Office 菜单

更新：2007 年 11 月

适用对象
本主题中的信息仅适用于指定的 Visual Studio Tools for Office 项目和 Microsoft Office 版本。 项目类型 文档级项目 应用程序级项目 Microsoft Office 版本 Microsoft Office 2003 有关更多信息，请参见按应用程序和项目类型提供的功能。

此示例在 Microsoft Office Excel 2003 中的菜单栏上创建一个称为 New Menu 的菜单。这个新菜单位于“帮助”菜单的前面。它包含一个菜单命令。单击此菜单命令时，文本将被插入到 Sheet1 上的单元格中。

有关如何在 Microsoft Office Word 2003 中自定义用户界面的示例，请参见如何：以编程方式创建 Office 工具栏和演练：创建书签的快捷菜单。

向 ThisWorkbook 类中添加下面的代码。

说明：
添加事件处理程序时，必须在控件上设置 Tag 属性。Office 使用 Tag 属性跟踪特定 CommandBarControl 的事件处理程序。如果 Tag 属性为空，则没有正确地处理事件。

说明：
在类级别声明菜单变量，而不要在调用这些变量的方法内进行声明。这样可以确保只要应用程序在运行，这些菜单变量就会保持在范围内。否则，此项便会被垃圾回收移除，而事件处理程序代码也将停止工作。

示例

' Declare the menu variable at the class level.
Private WithEvents menuCommand As Office.CommandBarButton
Private menuTag As String = "A unique tag"


' Call AddMenu from the Startup event of ThisWorkbook.
Private Sub ThisWorkbook_Startup(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) _
    Handles Me.Startup

    CheckIfMenuBarExists()
    AddMenuBar()
End Sub


' If the menu already exists, remove it.
Private Sub CheckIfMenuBarExists()
    Try
        Dim foundMenu As Office.CommandBarPopup = _
            Me.Application.CommandBars.ActiveMenuBar.FindControl( _
                Office.MsoControlType.msoControlPopup, System.Type.Missing, menuTag, True, True)

        If foundMenu IsNot Nothing Then
            foundMenu.Delete(True)
        End If

    Catch ex As Exception
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
    End Try
End Sub


' Create the menu, if it does not exist.
Private Sub AddMenuBar()

    Try
        Dim menuBar As Office.CommandBar = Application.comm.CommandBars.ActiveMenuBar
        Dim menuCaption As String = "Ne&w Menu"

        If menuBar IsNot Nothing Then
            Dim cmdBarControl As Office.CommandBarPopup = Nothing
            Dim controlCount As Integer = menuBar.Controls.Count

            ' Add the new menu.
            cmdBarControl = CType(menuBar.Controls.Add( _
                Type:=Office.MsoControlType.msoControlPopup, Before:=controlCount, Temporary:=True),  _
                Office.CommandBarPopup)

            cmdBarControl.Caption = menuCaption

            ' Add the menu command.
            menuCommand = CType(cmdBarControl.Controls.Add( _
                Type:=Office.MsoControlType.msoControlButton, Temporary:=True),  _
                Office.CommandBarButton)

            With menuCommand
                .Caption = "&New Menu Command"
                .Tag = "NewMenuCommand"
                .FaceId = 65
            End With
        End If

    Catch ex As Exception
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message)
    End Try
End Sub


' Add text to cell A1 when the menu is clicked.
Private Sub menuCommand_Click(ByVal Ctrl As Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBarButton, _
    ByRef CancelDefault As Boolean) Handles menuCommand.Click

    Globals.Sheet1.Range("A1").Value2 = "The menu command was clicked."
End Sub

// Declare the menu variable at the class level.
private Office.CommandBarButton menuCommand;
private string menuTag = "A unique tag";


// Call AddMenu from the Startup event of ThisWorkbook.
private void ThisWorkbook_Startup(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
    CheckIfMenuBarExists();
    AddMenuBar();
}


// If the menu already exists, remove it.
private void CheckIfMenuBarExists()
{
    try 
    {
        Office.CommandBarPopup foundMenu = (Office.CommandBarPopup)
            this.Application.CommandBars.ActiveMenuBar.FindControl(
            Office.MsoControlType.msoControlPopup, System.Type.Missing, menuTag, true, true);

        if (foundMenu != null)
        {
            foundMenu.Delete(true);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
    }
}


// Create the menu, if it does not exist.
private void AddMenuBar()
{
    try
    {
        Office.CommandBarPopup cmdBarControl = null;
        Office.CommandBar menubar = (Office.CommandBar)Application.CommandBars.ActiveMenuBar;
        int controlCount = menubar.Controls.Count;
        string menuCaption = "&New Menu";

        // Add the menu.
        cmdBarControl = (Office.CommandBarPopup)menubar.Controls.Add(
            Office.MsoControlType.msoControlPopup, missing, missing, controlCount, true);

        if (cmdBarControl != null)
        {
            cmdBarControl.Caption = menuCaption;

            // Add the menu command.
            menuCommand = (Office.CommandBarButton)cmdBarControl.Controls.Add(
                Office.MsoControlType.msoControlButton, missing, missing, missing, true);

            menuCommand.Caption = "&New Menu Command";
            menuCommand.Tag = "NewMenuCommand";
            menuCommand.FaceId = 65;

            menuCommand.Click += new Microsoft.Office.Core._CommandBarButtonEvents_ClickEventHandler(
                menuCommand_Click);
        }
    }
    catch (Exception e)
    {
        MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
    }
}


// Add text to cell A1 when the menu is clicked.
private void menuCommand_Click(Microsoft.Office.Core.CommandBarButton Ctrl, ref bool CancelDefault)
{
    Globals.Sheet1.Range["A1", missing].Value2 = "The menu command was clicked.";
}

请参见

任务

如何：以编程方式创建 Office 工具栏

演练：创建书签的快捷菜单

概念

Office UI 自定义

了解 Office 解决方案中的可选参数