inplace_merge

项目
03/27/2013

将两个连续的排序范围的元素到单个排序的大小，该排序的标准可以由二进制谓词指定。

template<class BidirectionalIterator>
   void inplace_merge(
      BidirectionalIterator _First, 
      BidirectionalIterator _Middle,
      BidirectionalIterator _Last
   );
template<class BidirectionalIterator, class Predicate>
   void inplace_merge(
      BidirectionalIterator _First, 
      BidirectionalIterator _Middle,
      BidirectionalIterator _Last,
      Predicate _Comp
   );

参数

_First
解析一双向的迭代器第一个元素的位置在第一个后续排序的大小将合并和排序到一个范围。
_Middle
解析一双向的迭代器第一个元素的位置在第二两个连续的排序范围内将合并和排序到一个范围。
_Last
解析一双向的迭代器通过最后一个元素的位置一在第二两个连续的排序范围内将合并和排序到一个范围。
_Comp
定义含义的用户定义的谓词函数对象哪个元素比另一个大。二进制谓词采用两个参数，并应返回 true ，当第一个元素比否则第二个元素和 false 小于时。

备注

引用的排序顺序的范围必须是有效的;所有指针必须dereferenceable，因此，在每个序列中，最后位置必须是可访问的从开始按增量。

必须每个位置排序的连续的范围，则为 inplace_merge 算法的应用程序的前提条件与排序的相同与与将算法使用排序合并的大小。因为组件相对顺序在每个范围内的保留，操作是否稳定。当在两个源范围中的等效的元素，该元素是第一个范围位于第二个的元素在组合的大小。

在算法将内存分配到临时缓冲区，复杂取决于可用内存。如果足够的内存可用，最好的情况是线性使用(_Last – _First) – 1次比较;如果系统内存不可用，最糟糕的情况是 N logN ()，N = (_Last – _First)。

示例

// alg_inplace_merge.cpp
// compile with: /EHsc
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>      //For greater<int>( )
#include <iostream>

// Return whether modulus of elem1 is less than modulus of elem2
bool mod_lesser ( int elem1, int elem2 )
{
   if ( elem1 < 0 ) 
      elem1 = - elem1;
   if ( elem2 < 0 ) 
      elem2 = - elem2;
   return elem1 < elem2;
}

int main( )
{
   using namespace std;
   vector <int> v1;
   vector <int>::iterator Iter1, Iter2, Iter3;

   // Constructing vector v1 with default less-than ordering
   int i;
   for ( i = 0 ; i <= 5 ; i++ )
   {
      v1.push_back( i );
   }

   int ii;
   for ( ii =-5 ; ii <= 0 ; ii++ )
   {
      v1.push_back(  ii  );
   }

   cout << "Original vector v1 with subranges sorted by the\n "
        <<  "binary predicate less than is  v1 = ( " ;
   for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
      cout << *Iter1 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;
   
   // Constructing vector v2 with ranges sorted by greater
   vector <int> v2 ( v1 );
   vector <int>::iterator break2;
   break2 = find ( v2.begin ( ) , v2.end ( ) , -5 );
   sort ( v2.begin ( ) , break2 , greater<int> ( ) );
   sort ( break2 , v2.end ( ) , greater<int> ( ) );
   cout << "Original vector v2 with subranges sorted by the\n "
        << "binary predicate greater is v2 = ( " ;
   for ( Iter2 = v2.begin( ) ; Iter2 != v2.end( ) ; Iter2++ )
      cout << *Iter2 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   // Constructing vector v3 with ranges sorted by mod_lesser
   vector <int> v3 ( v1 );
   vector <int>::iterator break3;
   break3 = find ( v3.begin ( ) , v3.end ( ) , -5 );
   sort ( v3.begin ( ) , break3 , mod_lesser );
   sort ( break3 , v3.end ( ) , mod_lesser );
   cout << "Original vector v3 with subranges sorted by the\n "
        << "binary predicate mod_lesser is v3 = ( " ;
   for ( Iter3 = v3.begin( ) ; Iter3 != v3.end( ) ; Iter3++ )
      cout << *Iter3 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   vector <int>::iterator break1;
   break1 = find (v1.begin ( ) , v1.end ( ) , -5 );
   inplace_merge ( v1.begin( ), break1, v1.end( ) );
   cout << "Merged inplace with default order,\n vector v1mod = ( " ;
   for ( Iter1 = v1.begin( ) ; Iter1 != v1.end( ) ; Iter1++ )
      cout << *Iter1 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   // To merge inplace in descending order, specify binary 
   // predicate greater<int>( )
   inplace_merge ( v2.begin( ), break2 , v2.end( ) , greater<int>( ) );
   cout << "Merged inplace with binary predicate greater specified,\n "
        << "vector v2mod = ( " ;
   for ( Iter2 = v2.begin( ) ; Iter2 != v2.end( ) ; Iter2++ )
      cout << *Iter2 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;

   // Applying a user defined (UD) binary predicate mod_lesser
   inplace_merge ( v3.begin( ), break3, v3.end( ), mod_lesser );
   cout << "Merged inplace with binary predicate mod_lesser specified,\n "
        << "vector v3mod = ( " ; ;
   for ( Iter3 = v3.begin( ) ; Iter3 != v3.end( ) ; Iter3++ )
      cout << *Iter3 << " ";
   cout << ")" << endl;
}