演练：在 Windows 窗体应用程序中使用数据流

项目
06/05/2023

本文演示如何创建在 Windows 窗体应用程序中执行图像处理的数据流块网络。

此示例从指定的文件夹加载图像文件、创建复合图像，并显示结果。本示例使用数据流模型通过网络路由图像。在数据流模型中，程序的独立组件之间通过发送消息进行通信。某个组件收到一条消息时，它会执行某项操作，然后将结果传递给另一个组件。相比之下，在控制流模型中，应用程序使用控制结构（例如条件语句和循环等等）控制程序中操作的顺序。

先决条件

开始本演练之前，请阅读数据流。

注意

TPL 数据流库（System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow 命名空间）不随 .NET 一起分发。若要在 Visual Studio 中安装 System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow 命名空间，请打开项目，选择“项目”菜单中的“管理 NuGet 包”，再在线搜索 System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow 包。或者，若要使用 .NET Core CLI 进行安装，请运行 dotnet add package System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow。

部分

本演练包含以下各节：

创建 Windows 窗体应用程序
创建数据流网络
将数据流网络连接到用户界面
完整示例

创建 Windows 窗体应用程序

本节介绍如何创建基本 Windows 窗体应用程序并将控件添加到主窗体。

创建 Windows 窗体应用程序

在 Visual Studio 中，创建 Visual C# 或 Visual Basic“Windows 窗体应用程序”项目。在本文档中，该项目名为 CompositeImages。
在主窗体的窗体设计器中，Form1.cs（对于 Visual Basic，则为 Form1.vb）添加了 ToolStrip 控件。
向 ToolStrip 控件添加 ToolStripButton 控件。将 DisplayStyle 属性设置为 Text，并将 Text 属性设置为“Choose Folder”DisplayStyle。
向 ToolStrip 控件再添加一个 ToolStripButton 控件。将 DisplayStyle 属性设置为 Text，将 Text 属性设置为“Cancel”DisplayStyle，并将 Enabled 属性设置为 False。
向主窗体添加 PictureBox 对象。将 Dock 属性设置为 Fill。

创建数据流网络

本节介绍如何创建执行图像处理的数据流网络。

创建数据流网络

向项目中添加对 System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow.dll 的引用。

确保 Form1.cs（对于 Visual Basic，则为 Form1.vb）包含以下 using（Visual Basic 中为 Using）语句：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow;
using System.Windows.Forms;

将以下数据成员添加到 Form1 类：

// The head of the dataflow network.
ITargetBlock<string> headBlock = null;

// Enables the user interface to signal cancellation to the network.
CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource;

将下面的 CreateImageProcessingNetwork 方法添加到 Form1 类。此方法创建图像处理网络。

// Creates the image processing dataflow network and returns the
// head node of the network.
ITargetBlock<string> CreateImageProcessingNetwork()
{
   //
   // Create the dataflow blocks that form the network.
   //

   // Create a dataflow block that takes a folder path as input
   // and returns a collection of Bitmap objects.
   var loadBitmaps = new TransformBlock<string, IEnumerable<Bitmap>>(path =>
      {
         try
         {
            return LoadBitmaps(path);
         }
         catch (OperationCanceledException)
         {
            // Handle cancellation by passing the empty collection
            // to the next stage of the network.
            return Enumerable.Empty<Bitmap>();
         }
      });

   // Create a dataflow block that takes a collection of Bitmap objects
   // and returns a single composite bitmap.
   var createCompositeBitmap = new TransformBlock<IEnumerable<Bitmap>, Bitmap>(bitmaps =>
      {
         try
         {
            return CreateCompositeBitmap(bitmaps);
         }
         catch (OperationCanceledException)
         {
            // Handle cancellation by passing null to the next stage
            // of the network.
            return null;
         }
      });

   // Create a dataflow block that displays the provided bitmap on the form.
   var displayCompositeBitmap = new ActionBlock<Bitmap>(bitmap =>
      {
         // Display the bitmap.
         pictureBox1.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.StretchImage;
         pictureBox1.Image = bitmap;

         // Enable the user to select another folder.
         toolStripButton1.Enabled = true;
         toolStripButton2.Enabled = false;
         Cursor = DefaultCursor;
      },
      // Specify a task scheduler from the current synchronization context
      // so that the action runs on the UI thread.
      new ExecutionDataflowBlockOptions
      {
          TaskScheduler = TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext()
      });

   // Create a dataflow block that responds to a cancellation request by
   // displaying an image to indicate that the operation is cancelled and
   // enables the user to select another folder.
   var operationCancelled = new ActionBlock<object>(delegate
      {
         // Display the error image to indicate that the operation
         // was cancelled.
         pictureBox1.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.CenterImage;
         pictureBox1.Image = pictureBox1.ErrorImage;

         // Enable the user to select another folder.
         toolStripButton1.Enabled = true;
         toolStripButton2.Enabled = false;
         Cursor = DefaultCursor;
      },
      // Specify a task scheduler from the current synchronization context
      // so that the action runs on the UI thread.
      new ExecutionDataflowBlockOptions
      {
         TaskScheduler = TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext()
      });

   //
   // Connect the network.
   //

   // Link loadBitmaps to createCompositeBitmap.
   // The provided predicate ensures that createCompositeBitmap accepts the
   // collection of bitmaps only if that collection has at least one member.
   loadBitmaps.LinkTo(createCompositeBitmap, bitmaps => bitmaps.Count() > 0);

   // Also link loadBitmaps to operationCancelled.
   // When createCompositeBitmap rejects the message, loadBitmaps
   // offers the message to operationCancelled.
   // operationCancelled accepts all messages because we do not provide a
   // predicate.
   loadBitmaps.LinkTo(operationCancelled);

   // Link createCompositeBitmap to displayCompositeBitmap.
   // The provided predicate ensures that displayCompositeBitmap accepts the
   // bitmap only if it is non-null.
   createCompositeBitmap.LinkTo(displayCompositeBitmap, bitmap => bitmap != null);

   // Also link createCompositeBitmap to operationCancelled.
   // When displayCompositeBitmap rejects the message, createCompositeBitmap
   // offers the message to operationCancelled.
   // operationCancelled accepts all messages because we do not provide a
   // predicate.
   createCompositeBitmap.LinkTo(operationCancelled);

   // Return the head of the network.
   return loadBitmaps;
}

实现 LoadBitmaps 方法。

// Loads all bitmap files that exist at the provided path.
IEnumerable<Bitmap> LoadBitmaps(string path)
{
   List<Bitmap> bitmaps = new List<Bitmap>();

   // Load a variety of image types.
   foreach (string bitmapType in
      new string[] { "*.bmp", "*.gif", "*.jpg", "*.png", "*.tif" })
   {
      // Load each bitmap for the current extension.
      foreach (string fileName in Directory.GetFiles(path, bitmapType))
      {
         // Throw OperationCanceledException if cancellation is requested.
         cancellationTokenSource.Token.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();

         try
         {
            // Add the Bitmap object to the collection.
            bitmaps.Add(new Bitmap(fileName));
         }
         catch (Exception)
         {
            // TODO: A complete application might handle the error.
         }
      }
   }
   return bitmaps;
}

实现 CreateCompositeBitmap 方法。

// Creates a composite bitmap from the provided collection of Bitmap objects.
// This method computes the average color of each pixel among all bitmaps
// to create the composite image.
Bitmap CreateCompositeBitmap(IEnumerable<Bitmap> bitmaps)
{
   Bitmap[] bitmapArray = bitmaps.ToArray();

   // Compute the maximum width and height components of all
   // bitmaps in the collection.
   Rectangle largest = new Rectangle();
   foreach (var bitmap in bitmapArray)
   {
      if (bitmap.Width > largest.Width)
         largest.Width = bitmap.Width;
      if (bitmap.Height > largest.Height)
         largest.Height = bitmap.Height;
   }

   // Create a 32-bit Bitmap object with the greatest dimensions.
   Bitmap result = new Bitmap(largest.Width, largest.Height,
      PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

   // Lock the result Bitmap.
   var resultBitmapData = result.LockBits(
      new Rectangle(new Point(), result.Size), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly,
      result.PixelFormat);

   // Lock each source bitmap to create a parallel list of BitmapData objects.
   var bitmapDataList = (from bitmap in bitmapArray
                         select bitmap.LockBits(
                           new Rectangle(new Point(), bitmap.Size),
                           ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb))
                        .ToList();

   // Compute each column in parallel.
   Parallel.For(0, largest.Width, new ParallelOptions
   {
      CancellationToken = cancellationTokenSource.Token
   },
   i =>
   {
      // Compute each row.
      for (int j = 0; j < largest.Height; j++)
      {
         // Counts the number of bitmaps whose dimensions
         // contain the current location.
         int count = 0;

         // The sum of all alpha, red, green, and blue components.
         int a = 0, r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;

         // For each bitmap, compute the sum of all color components.
         foreach (var bitmapData in bitmapDataList)
         {
            // Ensure that we stay within the bounds of the image.
            if (bitmapData.Width > i && bitmapData.Height > j)
            {
               unsafe
               {
                  byte* row = (byte*)(bitmapData.Scan0 + (j * bitmapData.Stride));
                  byte* pix = (byte*)(row + (4 * i));
                  a += *pix; pix++;
                  r += *pix; pix++;
                  g += *pix; pix++;
                  b += *pix;
               }
               count++;
            }
         }

         //prevent divide by zero in bottom right pixelless corner
         if (count == 0)
             break;

         unsafe
         {
            // Compute the average of each color component.
            a /= count;
            r /= count;
            g /= count;
            b /= count;

            // Set the result pixel.
            byte* row = (byte*)(resultBitmapData.Scan0 + (j * resultBitmapData.Stride));
            byte* pix = (byte*)(row + (4 * i));
            *pix = (byte)a; pix++;
            *pix = (byte)r; pix++;
            *pix = (byte)g; pix++;
            *pix = (byte)b;
         }
      }
   });

   // Unlock the source bitmaps.
   for (int i = 0; i < bitmapArray.Length; i++)
   {
      bitmapArray[i].UnlockBits(bitmapDataList[i]);
   }

   // Unlock the result bitmap.
   result.UnlockBits(resultBitmapData);

   // Return the result.
   return result;
}

注意

C# 版本的 CreateCompositeBitmap 方法使用指针启用高效处理 System.Drawing.Bitmap 对象。因此，若要使用 unsafe 关键字，必须在项目中启用“允许不安全代码”选项。有关如何在 Visual C# 项目中启用不安全代码的详细信息，请参阅“项目设计器”->“生成”页 (C#)。

下表描述了网络的成员。

成员	类型	描述
`loadBitmaps`	TransformBlock<TInput,TOutput>	将文件夹路径用作输入，并生成一组 Bitmap 对象作为输出。
`createCompositeBitmap`	TransformBlock<TInput,TOutput>	将一组 Bitmap 对象用作输入，并生成复合位图作为输出。
`displayCompositeBitmap`	ActionBlock<TInput>	在窗体上显示复合位图。
`operationCancelled`	ActionBlock<TInput>	显示图像以表示操作取消并使用户能够选择其他文件夹。

为了连接数据流块以形成网络，此示例使用 LinkTo 方法。 LinkTo 方法包含重载版本，需要使用 Predicate<T> 对象确定目标数据流块是接受还是拒绝消息。此筛选机制使消息块只接收特定值。在此示例中，网络能以两种方式进行分支。主分支从磁盘加载图像，创建复合图像并在窗体上显示该图像。备用分支取消当前操作。借助 Predicate<T> 对象，主分支的数据流块可以拒绝特定消息，从而切换到替换分支。例如，如果用户取消了操作，数据流块 createCompositeBitmap 将生成 null（在 Visual Basic 中为 Nothing）作为其输出。数据流块 displayCompositeBitmap 拒绝 null 输入值，因此该消息将传递到 operationCancelled。数据流块 operationCancelled 接受所有消息，并因此显示图像以表示操作取消。

下图显示图像处理网络：

显示图像处理网络的插图。

因为 displayCompositeBitmap 和 operationCancelled 数据流块是在用户界面上操作，所以这些操作要在用户界面线程上执行，这一点很重要。为此，在构造期间，每个对象都提供将 TaskScheduler 属性设置为 TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext 的 ExecutionDataflowBlockOptions 对象。 TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext 方法会创建一个在当前同步上下文中执行工作的 TaskScheduler 对象。因为 CreateImageProcessingNetwork 方法是通过“选择文件夹”CreateImageProcessingNetwork按钮的处理程序调用的，而该处理程序在用户界面线程上运行，所以 displayCompositeBitmap 和 operationCancelled 数据流块的操作也在用户界面线程上运行。

此示例使用共享的取消令牌，而不是设置 CancellationToken 属性，因为 CancellationToken 属性永久取消数据流块执行。利用取消标记，此示例可多次重复使用同一数据流网络，即使用户取消一个或多个操作也是如此。有关展示了如何使用 CancellationToken 永久取消数据流块执行的示例，请参阅CancellationToken。

将数据流网络连接到用户界面

本节介绍如何将数据流网络连接到用户界面。复合图像创建和操作取消都是从“选择文件夹”和“取消”按钮启动的。用户选择以上任一按钮时，都会以异步方式启动相应操作。

将数据流网络连接到用户界面

在主窗体的窗体设计器中，创建“选择文件夹”Click按钮的 Click 事件的事件处理程序。

实现“选择文件夹”Click按钮的 Click 事件。

// Event handler for the Choose Folder button.
private void toolStripButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
   // Create a FolderBrowserDialog object to enable the user to
   // select a folder.
   FolderBrowserDialog dlg = new FolderBrowserDialog
   {
      ShowNewFolderButton = false
   };

   // Set the selected path to the common Sample Pictures folder
   // if it exists.
   string initialDirectory = Path.Combine(
      Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonPictures),
      "Sample Pictures");
   if (Directory.Exists(initialDirectory))
   {
      dlg.SelectedPath = initialDirectory;
   }

   // Show the dialog and process the dataflow network.
   if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
   {
      // Create a new CancellationTokenSource object to enable
      // cancellation.
      cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();

      // Create the image processing network if needed.
      headBlock ??= CreateImageProcessingNetwork();

      // Post the selected path to the network.
      headBlock.Post(dlg.SelectedPath);

      // Enable the Cancel button and disable the Choose Folder button.
      toolStripButton1.Enabled = false;
      toolStripButton2.Enabled = true;

      // Show a wait cursor.
      Cursor = Cursors.WaitCursor;
   }
}

在主窗体的窗体设计器中，创建“取消”Click按钮的 Click 事件的事件处理程序。

实现“取消”Click按钮的 Click 事件。

// Event handler for the Cancel button.
private void toolStripButton2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
   // Signal the request for cancellation. The current component of
   // the dataflow network will respond to the cancellation request.
   cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
}

完整示例

下面的示例显示此演练的完整代码。

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Threading.Tasks.Dataflow;
using System.Windows.Forms;

namespace CompositeImages
{
   public partial class Form1 : Form
   {
      // The head of the dataflow network.
      ITargetBlock<string> headBlock = null;

      // Enables the user interface to signal cancellation to the network.
      CancellationTokenSource cancellationTokenSource;

      public Form1()
      {
         InitializeComponent();
      }

      // Creates the image processing dataflow network and returns the
      // head node of the network.
      ITargetBlock<string> CreateImageProcessingNetwork()
      {
         //
         // Create the dataflow blocks that form the network.
         //

         // Create a dataflow block that takes a folder path as input
         // and returns a collection of Bitmap objects.
         var loadBitmaps = new TransformBlock<string, IEnumerable<Bitmap>>(path =>
            {
               try
               {
                  return LoadBitmaps(path);
               }
               catch (OperationCanceledException)
               {
                  // Handle cancellation by passing the empty collection
                  // to the next stage of the network.
                  return Enumerable.Empty<Bitmap>();
               }
            });

         // Create a dataflow block that takes a collection of Bitmap objects
         // and returns a single composite bitmap.
         var createCompositeBitmap = new TransformBlock<IEnumerable<Bitmap>, Bitmap>(bitmaps =>
            {
               try
               {
                  return CreateCompositeBitmap(bitmaps);
               }
               catch (OperationCanceledException)
               {
                  // Handle cancellation by passing null to the next stage
                  // of the network.
                  return null;
               }
            });

         // Create a dataflow block that displays the provided bitmap on the form.
         var displayCompositeBitmap = new ActionBlock<Bitmap>(bitmap =>
            {
               // Display the bitmap.
               pictureBox1.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.StretchImage;
               pictureBox1.Image = bitmap;

               // Enable the user to select another folder.
               toolStripButton1.Enabled = true;
               toolStripButton2.Enabled = false;
               Cursor = DefaultCursor;
            },
            // Specify a task scheduler from the current synchronization context
            // so that the action runs on the UI thread.
            new ExecutionDataflowBlockOptions
            {
                TaskScheduler = TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext()
            });

         // Create a dataflow block that responds to a cancellation request by
         // displaying an image to indicate that the operation is cancelled and
         // enables the user to select another folder.
         var operationCancelled = new ActionBlock<object>(delegate
            {
               // Display the error image to indicate that the operation
               // was cancelled.
               pictureBox1.SizeMode = PictureBoxSizeMode.CenterImage;
               pictureBox1.Image = pictureBox1.ErrorImage;

               // Enable the user to select another folder.
               toolStripButton1.Enabled = true;
               toolStripButton2.Enabled = false;
               Cursor = DefaultCursor;
            },
            // Specify a task scheduler from the current synchronization context
            // so that the action runs on the UI thread.
            new ExecutionDataflowBlockOptions
            {
               TaskScheduler = TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext()
            });

         //
         // Connect the network.
         //

         // Link loadBitmaps to createCompositeBitmap.
         // The provided predicate ensures that createCompositeBitmap accepts the
         // collection of bitmaps only if that collection has at least one member.
         loadBitmaps.LinkTo(createCompositeBitmap, bitmaps => bitmaps.Count() > 0);

         // Also link loadBitmaps to operationCancelled.
         // When createCompositeBitmap rejects the message, loadBitmaps
         // offers the message to operationCancelled.
         // operationCancelled accepts all messages because we do not provide a
         // predicate.
         loadBitmaps.LinkTo(operationCancelled);

         // Link createCompositeBitmap to displayCompositeBitmap.
         // The provided predicate ensures that displayCompositeBitmap accepts the
         // bitmap only if it is non-null.
         createCompositeBitmap.LinkTo(displayCompositeBitmap, bitmap => bitmap != null);

         // Also link createCompositeBitmap to operationCancelled.
         // When displayCompositeBitmap rejects the message, createCompositeBitmap
         // offers the message to operationCancelled.
         // operationCancelled accepts all messages because we do not provide a
         // predicate.
         createCompositeBitmap.LinkTo(operationCancelled);

         // Return the head of the network.
         return loadBitmaps;
      }

      // Loads all bitmap files that exist at the provided path.
      IEnumerable<Bitmap> LoadBitmaps(string path)
      {
         List<Bitmap> bitmaps = new List<Bitmap>();

         // Load a variety of image types.
         foreach (string bitmapType in
            new string[] { "*.bmp", "*.gif", "*.jpg", "*.png", "*.tif" })
         {
            // Load each bitmap for the current extension.
            foreach (string fileName in Directory.GetFiles(path, bitmapType))
            {
               // Throw OperationCanceledException if cancellation is requested.
               cancellationTokenSource.Token.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();

               try
               {
                  // Add the Bitmap object to the collection.
                  bitmaps.Add(new Bitmap(fileName));
               }
               catch (Exception)
               {
                  // TODO: A complete application might handle the error.
               }
            }
         }
         return bitmaps;
      }

      // Creates a composite bitmap from the provided collection of Bitmap objects.
      // This method computes the average color of each pixel among all bitmaps
      // to create the composite image.
      Bitmap CreateCompositeBitmap(IEnumerable<Bitmap> bitmaps)
      {
         Bitmap[] bitmapArray = bitmaps.ToArray();

         // Compute the maximum width and height components of all
         // bitmaps in the collection.
         Rectangle largest = new Rectangle();
         foreach (var bitmap in bitmapArray)
         {
            if (bitmap.Width > largest.Width)
               largest.Width = bitmap.Width;
            if (bitmap.Height > largest.Height)
               largest.Height = bitmap.Height;
         }

         // Create a 32-bit Bitmap object with the greatest dimensions.
         Bitmap result = new Bitmap(largest.Width, largest.Height,
            PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

         // Lock the result Bitmap.
         var resultBitmapData = result.LockBits(
            new Rectangle(new Point(), result.Size), ImageLockMode.WriteOnly,
            result.PixelFormat);

         // Lock each source bitmap to create a parallel list of BitmapData objects.
         var bitmapDataList = (from bitmap in bitmapArray
                               select bitmap.LockBits(
                                 new Rectangle(new Point(), bitmap.Size),
                                 ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb))
                              .ToList();

         // Compute each column in parallel.
         Parallel.For(0, largest.Width, new ParallelOptions
         {
            CancellationToken = cancellationTokenSource.Token
         },
         i =>
         {
            // Compute each row.
            for (int j = 0; j < largest.Height; j++)
            {
               // Counts the number of bitmaps whose dimensions
               // contain the current location.
               int count = 0;

               // The sum of all alpha, red, green, and blue components.
               int a = 0, r = 0, g = 0, b = 0;

               // For each bitmap, compute the sum of all color components.
               foreach (var bitmapData in bitmapDataList)
               {
                  // Ensure that we stay within the bounds of the image.
                  if (bitmapData.Width > i && bitmapData.Height > j)
                  {
                     unsafe
                     {
                        byte* row = (byte*)(bitmapData.Scan0 + (j * bitmapData.Stride));
                        byte* pix = (byte*)(row + (4 * i));
                        a += *pix; pix++;
                        r += *pix; pix++;
                        g += *pix; pix++;
                        b += *pix;
                     }
                     count++;
                  }
               }

               //prevent divide by zero in bottom right pixelless corner
               if (count == 0)
                   break;

               unsafe
               {
                  // Compute the average of each color component.
                  a /= count;
                  r /= count;
                  g /= count;
                  b /= count;

                  // Set the result pixel.
                  byte* row = (byte*)(resultBitmapData.Scan0 + (j * resultBitmapData.Stride));
                  byte* pix = (byte*)(row + (4 * i));
                  *pix = (byte)a; pix++;
                  *pix = (byte)r; pix++;
                  *pix = (byte)g; pix++;
                  *pix = (byte)b;
               }
            }
         });

         // Unlock the source bitmaps.
         for (int i = 0; i < bitmapArray.Length; i++)
         {
            bitmapArray[i].UnlockBits(bitmapDataList[i]);
         }

         // Unlock the result bitmap.
         result.UnlockBits(resultBitmapData);

         // Return the result.
         return result;
      }

      // Event handler for the Choose Folder button.
      private void toolStripButton1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
      {
         // Create a FolderBrowserDialog object to enable the user to
         // select a folder.
         FolderBrowserDialog dlg = new FolderBrowserDialog
         {
            ShowNewFolderButton = false
         };

         // Set the selected path to the common Sample Pictures folder
         // if it exists.
         string initialDirectory = Path.Combine(
            Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.CommonPictures),
            "Sample Pictures");
         if (Directory.Exists(initialDirectory))
         {
            dlg.SelectedPath = initialDirectory;
         }

         // Show the dialog and process the dataflow network.
         if (dlg.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
         {
            // Create a new CancellationTokenSource object to enable
            // cancellation.
            cancellationTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();

            // Create the image processing network if needed.
            headBlock ??= CreateImageProcessingNetwork();

            // Post the selected path to the network.
            headBlock.Post(dlg.SelectedPath);

            // Enable the Cancel button and disable the Choose Folder button.
            toolStripButton1.Enabled = false;
            toolStripButton2.Enabled = true;

            // Show a wait cursor.
            Cursor = Cursors.WaitCursor;
         }
      }

      // Event handler for the Cancel button.
      private void toolStripButton2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
      {
         // Signal the request for cancellation. The current component of
         // the dataflow network will respond to the cancellation request.
         cancellationTokenSource.Cancel();
      }

      ~Form1()
      {
         cancellationTokenSource.Dispose();
      }
   }
}

下图显示公共 \Sample Pictures\ 文件夹的典型输出。

Windows 窗体应用程序

请参阅

数据流

通过

演练：在 Windows 窗体应用程序中使用数据流

先决条件

部分

创建 Windows 窗体应用程序

创建 Windows 窗体应用程序

创建数据流网络

创建数据流网络

将数据流网络连接到用户界面

将数据流网络连接到用户界面

完整示例

请参阅

其他资源