如何：实现动态分区
下面的示例展示了如何实现自定义 System.Collections.Concurrent.OrderablePartitioner<TSource>，以实现动态分区，并可以通过特定重载 ForEach 和 PLINQ 进行使用。
示例
每当分区对枚举器调用 MoveNext，枚举器都会为此分区提供一个列表元素。 如果是 PLINQ 和 ForEach，分区是 Task 实例。 由于请求在多个线程上并发，因此对当前索引的访问是同步的。
//
// An orderable dynamic partitioner for lists
//
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System.Numerics;
class OrderableListPartitioner<TSource> : OrderablePartitioner<TSource>
{
private readonly IList<TSource> m_input;
// Must override to return true.
public override bool SupportsDynamicPartitions => true;
public OrderableListPartitioner(IList<TSource> input) : base(true, false, true) =>
m_input = input;
public override IList<IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<long, TSource>>> GetOrderablePartitions(int partitionCount)
{
var dynamicPartitions = GetOrderableDynamicPartitions();
var partitions =
new IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<long, TSource>>[partitionCount];
for (int i = 0; i < partitionCount; i++)
{
partitions[i] = dynamicPartitions.GetEnumerator();
}
return partitions;
}
public override IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<long, TSource>> GetOrderableDynamicPartitions() =>
new ListDynamicPartitions(m_input);
private class ListDynamicPartitions : IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<long, TSource>>
{
private IList<TSource> m_input;
private int m_pos = 0;
internal ListDynamicPartitions(IList<TSource> input) =>
m_input = input;
public IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<long, TSource>> GetEnumerator()
{
while (true)
{
// Each task gets the next item in the list. The index is
// incremented in a thread-safe manner to avoid races.
int elemIndex = Interlocked.Increment(ref m_pos) - 1;
if (elemIndex >= m_input.Count)
{
yield break;
}
yield return new KeyValuePair<long, TSource>(
elemIndex, m_input[elemIndex]);
}
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() =>
((IEnumerable<KeyValuePair<long, TSource>>)this).GetEnumerator();
}
}
class ConsumerClass
{
static void Main()
{
var nums = Enumerable.Range(0, 10000).ToArray();
OrderableListPartitioner<int> partitioner = new OrderableListPartitioner<int>(nums);
// Use with Parallel.ForEach
Parallel.ForEach(partitioner, (i) => Console.WriteLine(i));
// Use with PLINQ
var query = from num in partitioner.AsParallel()
where num % 2 == 0
select num;
foreach (var v in query)
Console.WriteLine(v);
}
}
Imports System.Threading
Imports System.Threading.Tasks
Imports System.Collections.Concurrent
Module Module1
Public Class OrderableListPartitioner(Of TSource)
Inherits OrderablePartitioner(Of TSource)
Private ReadOnly m_input As IList(Of TSource)
Public Sub New(ByVal input As IList(Of TSource))
MyBase.New(True, False, True)
m_input = input
End Sub
' Must override to return true.
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property SupportsDynamicPartitions As Boolean
Get
Return True
End Get
End Property
Public Overrides Function GetOrderablePartitions(ByVal partitionCount As Integer) As IList(Of IEnumerator(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource)))
Dim dynamicPartitions = GetOrderableDynamicPartitions()
Dim partitions(partitionCount - 1) As IEnumerator(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource))
For i = 0 To partitionCount - 1
partitions(i) = dynamicPartitions.GetEnumerator()
Next
Return partitions
End Function
Public Overrides Function GetOrderableDynamicPartitions() As IEnumerable(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource))
Return New ListDynamicPartitions(m_input)
End Function
Private Class ListDynamicPartitions
Implements IEnumerable(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource))
Private m_input As IList(Of TSource)
Friend Sub New(ByVal input As IList(Of TSource))
m_input = input
End Sub
Public Function GetEnumerator() As IEnumerator(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource)) Implements IEnumerable(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource)).GetEnumerator
Return New ListDynamicPartitionsEnumerator(m_input)
End Function
Public Function GetEnumerator1() As IEnumerator Implements IEnumerable.GetEnumerator
Return CType(Me, IEnumerable).GetEnumerator()
End Function
End Class
Private Class ListDynamicPartitionsEnumerator
Implements IEnumerator(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource))
Private m_input As IList(Of TSource)
Shared m_pos As Integer = 0
Private m_current As KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource)
Public Sub New(ByVal input As IList(Of TSource))
m_input = input
m_pos = 0
Me.disposedValue = False
End Sub
Public ReadOnly Property Current As KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource) Implements IEnumerator(Of KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource)).Current
Get
Return m_current
End Get
End Property
Public ReadOnly Property Current1 As Object Implements IEnumerator.Current
Get
Return Me.Current
End Get
End Property
Public Function MoveNext() As Boolean Implements IEnumerator.MoveNext
Dim elemIndex = Interlocked.Increment(m_pos) - 1
If elemIndex >= m_input.Count Then
Return False
End If
m_current = New KeyValuePair(Of Long, TSource)(elemIndex, m_input(elemIndex))
Return True
End Function
Public Sub Reset() Implements IEnumerator.Reset
m_pos = 0
End Sub
Private disposedValue As Boolean ' To detect redundant calls
Protected Overridable Sub Dispose(ByVal disposing As Boolean)
If Not Me.disposedValue Then
m_input = Nothing
m_current = Nothing
End If
Me.disposedValue = True
End Sub
Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
Dispose(True)
GC.SuppressFinalize(Me)
End Sub
End Class
End Class
Class ConsumerClass
Shared Sub Main()
Console.BufferHeight = 20000
Dim nums = Enumerable.Range(0, 2000).ToArray()
Dim partitioner = New OrderableListPartitioner(Of Integer)(nums)
' Use with Parallel.ForEach
Parallel.ForEach(partitioner, Sub(i) Console.Write("{0}:{1} ", i, Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId))
Console.WriteLine("PLINQ -----------------------------------")
' create a new partitioner, since Enumerators are not reusable.
Dim partitioner2 = New OrderableListPartitioner(Of Integer)(nums)
' Use with PLINQ
Dim query = From num In partitioner2.AsParallel()
Where num Mod 8 = 0
Select num
For Each v In query
Console.Write("{0} ", v)
Next
Console.WriteLine("press any key")
Console.ReadKey()
End Sub
End Class
End Module
例如，每个区块包含一个元素的区块分区。 通过一次提供更多元素，可以减少对锁的争用，并（从理论上说）实现更快的性能。 不过，在某个时间点，较大的区块可能需要额外的负载均衡逻辑，才能确保所有线程在全部工作完成前一直处于忙碌状态。
