如何：提高 TreeView 的性能

如果 TreeView 包含许多项，则加载所需的时间可能会导致用户界面出现相当长的延迟。 可以通过将 VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing 附加属性设置为 true 来缩短加载时间。 当用户使用鼠标滚轮或拖动滚动条的拇指滚动 TreeView 时，UI 的反应也可能很慢。 可以通过将 VirtualizingStackPanel.VirtualizationMode 附加属性设置为 VirtualizationMode.Recycling 来提高用户滚动时 TreeView 的性能。

示例

说明

以下示例创建一个 TreeView，它将 VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing 附加属性设置为 true，将 VirtualizingStackPanel.VirtualizationMode 附加属性设置为 VirtualizationMode.Recycling，以便优化其性能。

代码

<StackPanel>
  <StackPanel.Resources>
    <src:TreeViewData x:Key="dataItems"/>


    <HierarchicalDataTemplate DataType="{x:Type src:ItemsForTreeView}"
                              ItemsSource="{Binding Path=SecondLevelItems}">

      <!--Display the TopLevelName property in the first level.-->
      <TextBlock Text="{Binding Path=TopLevelName}"/>
      
      <!--Display each string in the SecondLevelItems property in
          the second level.-->
      <HierarchicalDataTemplate.ItemTemplate>
          <DataTemplate>
              <TextBlock Text="{Binding}"/>
          </DataTemplate>
      </HierarchicalDataTemplate.ItemTemplate>
      
      <!--Set the foreground of the items in the second level
          to Navy.-->
      <HierarchicalDataTemplate.ItemContainerStyle>
        <Style TargetType="TreeViewItem">
          <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Navy"/>
        </Style>
      </HierarchicalDataTemplate.ItemContainerStyle>  
    </HierarchicalDataTemplate>
  </StackPanel.Resources>

  <TreeView Height="200" 
            ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource dataItems}}"
            VirtualizingStackPanel.IsVirtualizing="True"
            VirtualizingStackPanel.VirtualizationMode="Recycling">
    <TreeView.ItemContainerStyle>
      
      <!--Expand each TreeViewItem in the first level and 
          set its foreground to Green.-->
      <Style TargetType="TreeViewItem">
        <Setter Property="IsExpanded" Value="True"/>
        <Setter Property="Foreground" Value="Green"/>
      </Style>
    </TreeView.ItemContainerStyle>
  </TreeView>
</StackPanel>

以下示例显示了上一个示例所使用的数据。

public class TreeViewData : ObservableCollection<ItemsForTreeView>
{

    public TreeViewData()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 100; ++i)
        {
            ItemsForTreeView item = new ItemsForTreeView();
            item.TopLevelName = "item " + i.ToString();
            Add(item);
        }
    }
}

public class ItemsForTreeView
{
    public string TopLevelName { get; set; }
    private ObservableCollection<string> level2Items;

    public ObservableCollection<string> SecondLevelItems
    {
        get
        {
            level2Items ??= new ObservableCollection<string>();
            return level2Items;
        }
    }

    public ItemsForTreeView()
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
        {
            SecondLevelItems.Add("Second Level " + i.ToString());
        }
    }
}

Public Class TreeViewData
    Inherits ObservableCollection(Of ItemsForTreeView)

    Public Sub New()
        For i As Integer = 0 To 99
            Dim item As New ItemsForTreeView()
            item.TopLevelName = "item " & i.ToString()
            Add(item)
        Next
    End Sub
End Class


Public Class ItemsForTreeView
    Private _TopLevelName As String
    Public Property TopLevelName() As String
        Get
            Return _TopLevelName
        End Get
        Set(ByVal value As String)
            _TopLevelName = value
        End Set
    End Property
    Private level2Items As ObservableCollection(Of String)

    Public ReadOnly Property SecondLevelItems() As ObservableCollection(Of String)
        Get
            If level2Items Is Nothing Then
                level2Items = New ObservableCollection(Of String)()
            End If
            Return level2Items
        End Get
    End Property

    Public Sub New()
        For i As Integer = 0 To 9
            SecondLevelItems.Add("Second Level " & i.ToString())
        Next
    End Sub
End Class

另请参阅

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