使用相互证书的消息安全

项目
04/06/2023

下面的方案演示使用消息安全模式保护的 Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) 服务和客户端。使用证书对客户端和服务进行身份验证。

本方案是可互操作的，因为它使用具有 X.509 证书令牌配置文件的 WS-Security。

备注

本方案不对服务证书执行协商。在进行任何通信之前，必须先向客户端提供服务证书。服务器证书可以随应用程序一起分发，也可以通过带外通信来提供。

使用相互证书的消息安全

特征	说明
安全模式	消息
互操作性	是，使用 WS-Security 和 X.509 证书令牌配置文件兼容的客户端和服务。
Authentication	服务器和客户端的相互身份验证。
完整性	是
机密性	是
Transport	HTTP
绑定	WSHttpBinding

服务

下面的代码和配置应独立运行。执行下列操作之一：

使用代码（而不使用配置）创建独立服务。
使用提供的配置创建服务，但不定义任何终结点。

代码

下面的代码演示如何创建使用消息安全的服务终结点。服务请求一个证书来使自己通过身份验证。

// Create the binding.
WSHttpBinding binding = new WSHttpBinding();
binding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message;
binding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType =
    MessageCredentialType.Certificate;
binding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = false;
binding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = false;

// Create the URI for the endpoint.
Uri httpUri = new Uri("http://localhost/Calculator");

// Create the service host.
ServiceHost myServiceHost =
    new ServiceHost(typeof(Calculator), httpUri);

// Specify a certificate to authenticate the service.
myServiceHost.Credentials.ServiceCertificate.SetCertificate(
    StoreLocation.LocalMachine,
    StoreName.My,
    X509FindType.FindBySubjectName,
    "contoso.com");

// Add an endpoint to the service.
myServiceHost.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculator), binding, "");

// Open the service.
myServiceHost.Open();
Console.WriteLine("Listening...");
Console.ReadLine();

// Close the service.
myServiceHost.Close();

' Create the binding.
Dim binding As New WSHttpBinding()
binding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message
binding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = _
MessageCredentialType.Certificate
binding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = False
binding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = False

' Create the URI for the endpoint.
Dim httpUri As New Uri("http://localhost/Calculator")

' Create the service host.
Dim myServiceHost As New ServiceHost(GetType(ServiceModel.Calculator), httpUri)

' Specify a certificate to authenticate the service.
myServiceHost.Credentials.ServiceCertificate.SetCertificate(StoreLocation.LocalMachine, _
StoreName.My, X509FindType.FindBySubjectName, "contoso.com")

' Add an endpoint to the service.
myServiceHost.AddServiceEndpoint(GetType(ICalculator), binding, "")

' Open the service.
myServiceHost.Open()
Console.WriteLine("Listening...")
Console.ReadLine()

' Close the service.
myServiceHost.Close()

配置

可以使用下面的配置，而不使用代码来创建同样的服务。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="serviceCredentialBehavior">
          <serviceCredentials>
            <serviceCertificate findValue="Contoso.com"
                                storeLocation="LocalMachine"
                                storeName="My"
                                x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" />
          </serviceCredentials>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <services>
      <service behaviorConfiguration="serviceCredentialBehavior"
               name="ServiceModel.Calculator">
        <endpoint address="http://localhost/Calculator"
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  bindingConfiguration="InteropCertificateBinding"
                  name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator"
                  contract="ServiceModel.ICalculator" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <bindings>
      <wsHttpBinding>
        <binding name="InteropCertificateBinding">
          <security mode="Message">
            <message clientCredentialType="Certificate"
                     negotiateServiceCredential="false"
                     establishSecurityContext="false" />
          </security>
        </binding>
      </wsHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client />
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

客户端

下面的代码和配置应独立运行。执行下列操作之一：

使用代码（和客户端代码）创建独立客户端。

创建不定义任何终结点地址的客户端。而使用将配置名称作为自变量的客户端构造函数。例如：

CalculatorClient cc = new CalculatorClient("EndpointConfigurationName");

Dim cc As New CalculatorClient("EndpointConfigurationName")

代码

下面的代码创建客户端。安全模式设置为“消息”，客户端凭据类型设置为“证书”。

// Create the binding.
WSHttpBinding myBinding = new WSHttpBinding();
myBinding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message;
myBinding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType =
    MessageCredentialType.Certificate;

// Disable credential negotiation and the establishment of
// a security context.
myBinding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = false;
myBinding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = false;

// Create the endpoint address.
EndpointAddress ea = new
    EndpointAddress("http://machineName/Calculator");

// Create the client.
CalculatorClient cc =
    new CalculatorClient(myBinding, ea);

// Specify a certificate to use for authenticating the client.
cc.ClientCredentials.ClientCertificate.SetCertificate(
    StoreLocation.CurrentUser,
    StoreName.My,
    X509FindType.FindBySubjectName,
    "Cohowinery.com");

// Specify a default certificate for the service.
cc.ClientCredentials.ServiceCertificate.SetDefaultCertificate(
    StoreLocation.CurrentUser,
    StoreName.TrustedPeople,
    X509FindType.FindBySubjectName,
    "Contoso.com");

// Begin using the client.
try
{
    cc.Open();
    Console.WriteLine(cc.Add(200, 1111));
    Console.ReadLine();

    // Close the client.
    cc.Close();
}

' Create the binding.
Dim myBinding As New WSHttpBinding()
myBinding.Security.Mode = SecurityMode.Message
myBinding.Security.Message.ClientCredentialType = MessageCredentialType.Certificate

' Disable credential negotiation and the establishment of
' a security context.
myBinding.Security.Message.NegotiateServiceCredential = False
myBinding.Security.Message.EstablishSecurityContext = False

' Create the endpoint address.
Dim ea As New EndpointAddress("http://localhost/Calculator")

' Create the client.
Dim cc As New CalculatorClient(myBinding, ea)

' Specify a certificate to use for authenticating the client.
cc.ClientCredentials.ClientCertificate.SetCertificate( _
    StoreLocation.CurrentUser, StoreName.My, _
    X509FindType.FindBySubjectName, "Cohowinery.com")

' Specify a default certificate for the service.
cc.ClientCredentials.ServiceCertificate.SetDefaultCertificate( _
    StoreLocation.CurrentUser, StoreName.TrustedPeople, _
    X509FindType.FindBySubjectName, "Contoso.com")

' Begin using the client.
Try
    cc.Open()

    Console.WriteLine(cc.Add(100, 11))
    Console.ReadLine()

    ' Close the client.
    cc.Close()
Catch tex As TimeoutException
    Console.WriteLine(tex.Message)
    cc.Abort()
Catch cex As CommunicationException
    Console.WriteLine(cex.Message)
    cc.Abort()
Finally
    Console.WriteLine("Closed the client")
    Console.ReadLine()
End Try

配置

下面配置客户端。必须使用 <clientCertificate> 指定客户端证书。同样，必须使用 <defaultCertificate> 指定服务证书。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <endpointBehaviors>
        <behavior name="ClientCredentialsBehavior">
          <clientCredentials>
            <clientCertificate findValue="Cohowinery.com"
                 storeLocation="CurrentUser"
                 storeName="My"
                 x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" />
            <serviceCertificate>
              <defaultCertificate findValue="Contoso.com"
                                  storeLocation="CurrentUser"
                                  storeName="TrustedPeople"
                                  x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" />
            </serviceCertificate>
          </clientCredentials>
        </behavior>
      </endpointBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <bindings>
      <wsHttpBinding>
        <binding name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator" >
          <security mode="Message">
            <message clientCredentialType="Certificate"
                     negotiateServiceCredential="false"
                     establishSecurityContext="false" />
          </security>
        </binding>
      </wsHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="http://machineName/Calculator"
                behaviorConfiguration="ClientCredentialsBehavior"
                binding="wsHttpBinding"
                bindingConfiguration="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator"
                contract="ICalculator"
                name="WSHttpBinding_ICalculator">
        <identity>
          <certificate encodedValue="Encoded_Value_Not_Shown" />
        </identity>
      </endpoint>
    </client>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

通过

使用相互证书的消息安全

服务

代码

配置

客户端

代码

配置

请参阅

其他资源