使用 Jupyter 笔记本和 Azure SDK for Python 中的azure-search-documents库以了解语义排名。
或者,可以下载并运行一个已完成的笔记本。
设置你的环境
使用带有 Python 扩展的 Visual Studio Code(或等效的 IDE),Python 版本为 3.10 或更高。
建议针对本快速入门使用虚拟环境:
启动 Visual Studio Code。
新建 ipynb 文件。
通过使用 Ctrl+Shift+P 打开命令面板。
搜索“Python: 创建环境”。
选择 Venv.
选择 Python 解释器。 选择 3.10 或更高版本。
设置可能需要 1 分钟。 如果遇到问题,请参阅 VS Code 中的 Python 环境。
安装包并设置变量
安装包,包括 azure-search-documents。
! pip install azure-search-documents==11.6.0b1 --quiet
! pip install azure-identity --quiet
! pip install python-dotenv --quiet
提供终结点和 API 密钥:
search_endpoint: str = "PUT-YOUR-SEARCH-SERVICE-ENDPOINT-HERE"
search_api_key: str = "PUT-YOUR-SEARCH-SERVICE-ADMIN-API-KEY-HERE"
index_name: str = "hotels-quickstart"
创建索引
创建或更新索引架构以包含 SemanticConfiguration
。 如果要更新现有索引,此修改无需重新编制索引,因为文档的结构保持不变。
from azure.search.documents.indexes import SearchIndexClient
from azure.search.documents import SearchClient
from azure.search.documents.indexes.models import (
ComplexField,
SimpleField,
SearchFieldDataType,
SearchableField,
SearchIndex,
SemanticConfiguration,
SemanticField,
SemanticPrioritizedFields,
SemanticSearch
)
# Create a search schema
index_client = SearchIndexClient(
endpoint=search_endpoint, credential=credential)
fields = [
SimpleField(name="HotelId", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, key=True),
SearchableField(name="HotelName", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, sortable=True),
SearchableField(name="Description", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, analyzer_name="en.lucene"),
SearchableField(name="Description_fr", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, analyzer_name="fr.lucene"),
SearchableField(name="Category", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
SearchableField(name="Tags", collection=True, type=SearchFieldDataType.String, facetable=True, filterable=True),
SimpleField(name="ParkingIncluded", type=SearchFieldDataType.Boolean, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
SimpleField(name="LastRenovationDate", type=SearchFieldDataType.DateTimeOffset, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
SimpleField(name="Rating", type=SearchFieldDataType.Double, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
ComplexField(name="Address", fields=[
SearchableField(name="StreetAddress", type=SearchFieldDataType.String),
SearchableField(name="City", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
SearchableField(name="StateProvince", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
SearchableField(name="PostalCode", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
SearchableField(name="Country", type=SearchFieldDataType.String, facetable=True, filterable=True, sortable=True),
])
]
semantic_config = SemanticConfiguration(
name="my-semantic-config",
prioritized_fields=SemanticPrioritizedFields(
title_field=SemanticField(field_name="HotelName"),
keywords_fields=[SemanticField(field_name="Category")],
content_fields=[SemanticField(field_name="Description")]
)
)
# Create the semantic settings with the configuration
semantic_search = SemanticSearch(configurations=[semantic_config])
semantic_settings = SemanticSearch(configurations=[semantic_config])
scoring_profiles = []
suggester = [{'name': 'sg', 'source_fields': ['Tags', 'Address/City', 'Address/Country']}]
# Create the search index with the semantic settings
index = SearchIndex(name=index_name, fields=fields, suggesters=suggester, scoring_profiles=scoring_profiles, semantic_search=semantic_search)
result = index_client.create_or_update_index(index)
print(f' {result.name} created')
创建文档有效负载
可以将 JSON 文档推送到搜索索引。 文档必须与索引架构匹配。
documents = [
{
"@search.action": "upload",
"HotelId": "1",
"HotelName": "Stay-Kay City Hotel",
"Description": "The hotel is ideally located on the main commercial artery of the city in the heart of New York. A few minutes away is Time's Square and the historic centre of the city, as well as other places of interest that make New York one of America's most attractive and cosmopolitan cities.",
"Description_fr": "L'hôtel est idéalement situé sur la principale artère commerciale de la ville en plein cœur de New York. A quelques minutes se trouve la place du temps et le centre historique de la ville, ainsi que d'autres lieux d'intérêt qui font de New York l'une des villes les plus attractives et cosmopolites de l'Amérique.",
"Category": "Boutique",
"Tags": [ "pool", "air conditioning", "concierge" ],
"ParkingIncluded": "false",
"LastRenovationDate": "1970-01-18T00:00:00Z",
"Rating": 3.60,
"Address": {
"StreetAddress": "677 5th Ave",
"City": "New York",
"StateProvince": "NY",
"PostalCode": "10022",
"Country": "USA"
}
},
{
"@search.action": "upload",
"HotelId": "2",
"HotelName": "Old Century Hotel",
"Description": "The hotel is situated in a nineteenth century plaza, which has been expanded and renovated to the highest architectural standards to create a modern, functional and first-class hotel in which art and unique historical elements coexist with the most modern comforts.",
"Description_fr": "L'hôtel est situé dans une place du XIXe siècle, qui a été agrandie et rénovée aux plus hautes normes architecturales pour créer un hôtel moderne, fonctionnel et de première classe dans lequel l'art et les éléments historiques uniques coexistent avec le confort le plus moderne.",
"Category": "Boutique",
"Tags": [ "pool", "free wifi", "concierge" ],
"ParkingIncluded": "false",
"LastRenovationDate": "1979-02-18T00:00:00Z",
"Rating": 3.60,
"Address": {
"StreetAddress": "140 University Town Center Dr",
"City": "Sarasota",
"StateProvince": "FL",
"PostalCode": "34243",
"Country": "USA"
}
},
{
"@search.action": "upload",
"HotelId": "3",
"HotelName": "Gastronomic Landscape Hotel",
"Description": "The Hotel stands out for its gastronomic excellence under the management of William Dough, who advises on and oversees all of the Hotel's restaurant services.",
"Description_fr": "L'hôtel est situé dans une place du XIXe siècle, qui a été agrandie et rénovée aux plus hautes normes architecturales pour créer un hôtel moderne, fonctionnel et de première classe dans lequel l'art et les éléments historiques uniques coexistent avec le confort le plus moderne.",
"Category": "Resort and Spa",
"Tags": [ "air conditioning", "bar", "continental breakfast" ],
"ParkingIncluded": "true",
"LastRenovationDate": "2015-09-20T00:00:00Z",
"Rating": 4.80,
"Address": {
"StreetAddress": "3393 Peachtree Rd",
"City": "Atlanta",
"StateProvince": "GA",
"PostalCode": "30326",
"Country": "USA"
}
},
{
"@search.action": "upload",
"HotelId": "4",
"HotelName": "Sublime Palace Hotel",
"Description": "Sublime Palace Hotel is located in the heart of the historic center of Sublime in an extremely vibrant and lively area within short walking distance to the sites and landmarks of the city and is surrounded by the extraordinary beauty of churches, buildings, shops and monuments. Sublime Palace is part of a lovingly restored 1800 palace.",
"Description_fr": "Le Sublime Palace Hotel est situé au coeur du centre historique de sublime dans un quartier extrêmement animé et vivant, à courte distance de marche des sites et monuments de la ville et est entouré par l'extraordinaire beauté des églises, des bâtiments, des commerces et Monuments. Sublime Palace fait partie d'un Palace 1800 restauré avec amour.",
"Category": "Boutique",
"Tags": [ "concierge", "view", "24-hour front desk service" ],
"ParkingIncluded": "true",
"LastRenovationDate": "1960-02-06T00:00:00Z",
"Rating": 4.60,
"Address": {
"StreetAddress": "7400 San Pedro Ave",
"City": "San Antonio",
"StateProvince": "TX",
"PostalCode": "78216",
"Country": "USA"
}
}
]
将文档上传到索引
search_client = SearchClient(endpoint=search_endpoint,
index_name=index_name,
credential=credential)
try:
result = search_client.upload_documents(documents=documents)
print("Upload of new document succeeded: {}".format(result[0].succeeded))
except Exception as ex:
print (ex.message)
index_client = SearchIndexClient(
endpoint=search_endpoint, credential=credential)
运行自己的第一个查询
从空查询开始(作为验证步骤),证明索引可操作。 应获得酒店名称和说明的无序列表,计数为 4,表示索引中有四个文档。
# Run an empty query (returns selected fields, all documents)
results = search_client.search(query_type='simple',
search_text="*" ,
select='HotelName,Description',
include_total_count=True)
print ('Total Documents Matching Query:', results.get_count())
for result in results:
print(result["@search.score"])
print(result["HotelName"])
print(f"Description: {result['Description']}")
运行文本查询
出于比较目的,请使用 BM25 相关性评分运行文本查询。 提供查询字符串时,会调用全文搜索。 响应包括排名结果,其中较高的分数会授予具有更多匹配字词实例或更重要字词的文档。
在“哪家酒店的当地特色餐厅不错”这一查询中,Sublime Palace Hotel 第一个跳出,因为它的描述中包含“当地特色”。 不经常出现的字词会提高文档的搜索分数。
# Run a text query (returns a BM25-scored result set)
results = search_client.search(query_type='simple',
search_text="what hotel has a good restaurant on site" ,
select='HotelName,HotelId,Description',
include_total_count=True)
for result in results:
print(result["@search.score"])
print(result["HotelName"])
print(f"Description: {result['Description']}")
运行语义查询
现在添加语义排名。 新参数包括 query_type
和 semantic_configuration_name
。
这是同一个查询,但请注意,语义排序器将 Gastronomic Landscape Hotel 正确识别为与给定的初始查询关系更密切的酒店。 此查询还会返回模型生成的标题。 此示例中的输入太少,无法创建有趣标题,但该示例成功演示了语法。
# Runs a semantic query (runs a BM25-ranked query and promotes the most relevant matches to the top)
results = search_client.search(query_type='semantic', semantic_configuration_name='my-semantic-config',
search_text="what hotel has a good restaurant on site",
select='HotelName,Description,Category', query_caption='extractive')
for result in results:
print(result["@search.reranker_score"])
print(result["HotelName"])
print(f"Description: {result['Description']}")
captions = result["@search.captions"]
if captions:
caption = captions[0]
if caption.highlights:
print(f"Caption: {caption.highlights}\n")
else:
print(f"Caption: {caption.text}\n")
返回语义答案
在此最终查询中,会返回语义答案。
语义排序器可以生成具有问题特征的查询字符串的答案。 生成的答案从内容中逐字提取。 要获取语义答案,问题和答案必须密切一致,并且模型必须找到明确回答问题的内容。 如果可能的答案无法满足置信度阈值,模型不会返回答案。 出于演示目的,此示例中的问题旨在获取响应,以便你可以看到语法。
# Run a semantic query that returns semantic answers
results = search_client.search(query_type='semantic', semantic_configuration_name='my-semantic-config',
search_text="what hotel is in a historic building",
select='HotelName,Description,Category', query_caption='extractive', query_answer="extractive",)
semantic_answers = results.get_answers()
for answer in semantic_answers:
if answer.highlights:
print(f"Semantic Answer: {answer.highlights}")
else:
print(f"Semantic Answer: {answer.text}")
print(f"Semantic Answer Score: {answer.score}\n")
for result in results:
print(result["@search.reranker_score"])
print(result["HotelName"])
print(f"Description: {result['Description']}")
captions = result["@search.captions"]
if captions:
caption = captions[0]
if caption.highlights:
print(f"Caption: {caption.highlights}\n")
else:
print(f"Caption: {caption.text}\n")