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Assign custom roles with resource scope using PowerShell in Microsoft Entra ID

  • บทความ

This article describes how to create a role assignment at organization-wide scope in Microsoft Entra ID. Assigning a role at organization-wide scope grants access across the Microsoft Entra organization. To create a role assignment with a scope of a single Microsoft Entra resource, see Create and assign a custom role in Microsoft Entra ID. This article uses the Microsoft Graph PowerShell SDK module.

For more information about Microsoft Entra roles, see Microsoft Entra built-in roles.

Prerequisites

  • Microsoft Entra ID P1 or P2 license
  • Privileged Role Administrator
  • Microsoft Graph PowerShell module when using PowerShell

For more information, see Prerequisites to use PowerShell or Graph Explorer.

Assign a directory role to a user or service principal with resource scope

  1. Load the Microsoft Graph PowerShell module.

  2. Sign in by executing the command Connect-MgGraph.

  3. Create a new role using the following PowerShell script.

    ## Assign a role to a user or service principal with resource scope
# Get the user and role definition you want to link
$user = Get-MgUser -Filter "UserPrincipalName eq 'cburl@f128.info'"
$roleDefinition = Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -Filter "DisplayName eq 'Application Support Administrator'"

# Get app registration and construct resource scope for assignment.
$appRegistration = Get-MgApplication -Filter "displayName eq 'f/128 Filter Photos'"
$directoryScope = '/' + $appRegistration.Id

# Create a scoped role assignment
$roleAssignment = New-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleAssignment -DirectoryScopeId $directoryScope `
   -RoleDefinitionId $roleDefinition.Id -PrincipalId $user.Id

To assign the role to a service principal instead of a user, use the Get-MgServicePrincipal cmdlet.

Role definitions

Role definition objects contain the definition of the built-in or custom role, along with the permissions that are granted by that role assignment. This resource displays both custom role definitions and built-in directory roles (which are displayed in roleDefinition equivalent form). For information about the maximum number of custom roles that can be created in a Microsoft Entra organization, see Microsoft Entra service limits and restrictions.

Create a role definition

# Basic information
$description = "Can manage credentials of application registrations"
$displayName = "Application Registration Credential Administrator"
$templateId = (New-Guid).Guid

# Set of actions to include
$rolePermissions = @{
    "allowedResourceActions" = @(
        "microsoft.directory/applications/standard/read",
        "microsoft.directory/applications/credentials/update"
    )
}

# Create new custom directory role
$customAdmin = New-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -RolePermissions $rolePermissions `
   -DisplayName $displayName -Description $description -TemplateId $templateId -IsEnabled:$true

Read and list role definitions

# Get all role definitions
Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition

# Get single role definition by ID
Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -UnifiedRoleDefinitionId 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000

# Get single role definition by templateId
Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -Filter "TemplateId eq 'c4e39bd9-1100-46d3-8c65-fb160da0071f'"

Update a role definition

# Update role definition
# This works for any writable property on role definition. You can replace display name with other
# valid properties.
Update-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -UnifiedRoleDefinitionId c4e39bd9-1100-46d3-8c65-fb160da0071f `
   -DisplayName "Updated DisplayName"

Delete a role definition

# Delete role definition
Remove-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -UnifiedRoleDefinitionId c4e39bd9-1100-46d3-8c65-fb160da0071f

Role assignments

Role assignments contain information linking a given security principal (a user or application service principal) to a role definition. If required, you can add a scope of a single Microsoft Entra resource for the assigned permissions. Restricting the scope of a role assignment is supported for built-in and custom roles.

Create a role assignment

# Get the user and role definition you want to link
$user = Get-MgUser -Filter "userPrincipalName eq 'cburl@f128.info'"
$roleDefinition = Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleDefinition -Filter "DisplayName eq 'Application Support Administrator'"

# Get app registration and construct resource scope for assignment.
$appRegistration = Get-MgApplication -Filter "displayName eq 'f/128 Filter Photos'"
$directoryScope = '/' + $appRegistration.Id

# Create a scoped role assignment
$roleAssignment = New-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleAssignment -DirectoryScopeId $directoryScope `
   -RoleDefinitionId $roleDefinition.Id -PrincipalId $user.Id

Read and list role assignments

# Get role assignments for a given principal
Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleAssignment -Filter "PrincipalId eq 'aaaaaaaa-bbbb-cccc-1111-222222222222'"

# Get role assignments for a given role definition 
Get-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleAssignment -Filter "RoleDefinitionId eq '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000'"

Remove a role assignment

# Remove role assignment
Remove-MgRoleManagementDirectoryRoleAssignment -UnifiedRoleAssignmentId 'aB1cD2eF3gH4iJ5kL6-mN7oP8qR-1'

Next steps