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SYSLIB0051: Legacy serialization support APIs are obsolete

  • บทความ

The following kinds of APIs are obsolete, starting in .NET 8. Calling them in code generates warning SYSLIB0051 at compile time.

For a complete list of affected APIs, see Obsolete APIs - SYSLIB0051.

Workaround

  • If you created a custom type derived from System.Exception, consider whether you really need it to be serializable. It's likely that you don't need it to be serializable, as exception serialization is primarily intended to support remoting, and support for remoting was dropped in .NET Core 1.0.

    If your custom exception type is defined like the one shown in the following code snippet, simply remove the [Serializable] attribute, the serialization constructor, and the GetObjectData(SerializationInfo, StreamingContext) method override.

    [Serializable] // Remove this attribute.
public class MyException : Exception
{
    public MyException() { }
    public MyException(string message) : base(message) { }
    public MyException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }

    // Remove this constructor.
    protected MyException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context)
    {
        // ...
    }

    // Remove this method.
    public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        // ...

        base.GetObjectData(info, context);
    }
}

    There might be cases where you can't remove these APIs from your custom exception type, for example, if you produce a library constrained by API compatibility requirements. In this case, the recommendation is to obsolete your own serialization constructor and GetObjectData methods using the SYSLIB0051 diagnostic code, as shown in the following code. Since ideally nobody outside the serialization infrastructure itself should be calling these APIs, obsoletion should only impact other types that subclass your custom exception type. It should not virally impact anybody catching, constructing, or otherwise using your custom exception type.

    [Serializable]
public class MyException : Exception
{
    public MyException() { }
    public MyException(string message) : base(message) { }
    public MyException(string message, Exception inner) : base(message, inner) { }

    [Obsolete(DiagnosticId = "SYSLIB0051")] // Add this attribute to the serialization ctor.
    protected MyException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context)
    {
        // ...
    }

    [Obsolete(DiagnosticId = "SYSLIB0051")] // Add this attribute to GetObjectData.
    public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        // ...

        base.GetObjectData(info, context);
    }
}

    If you cross-target for .NET Framework and .NET 8+, you can use an #if statement to apply the obsoletion conditionally. This is the same strategy that the .NET team uses within the .NET libraries code base when cross-targeting runtimes.

    [Serializable]
public class MyException : Exception
{
    // ...

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
    [Obsolete(DiagnosticId = "SYSLIB0051")] // add this attribute to the serialization ctor
#endif
    protected MyException(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
        : base(info, context)
    {
        // ...
    }

#if NET8_0_OR_GREATER
    [Obsolete(DiagnosticId = "SYSLIB0051")] // add this attribute to GetObjectData
#endif
    public override void GetObjectData(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context)
    {
        // ...

        base.GetObjectData(info, context);
    }
}

  • If you've declared a type that subclasses a .NET type that's attributed with [Serializable] and you're getting SYSLIB0051 warnings, follow the guidance for custom exception types in the previous bullet point.

Tip

If your [Serializable] custom type doesn't subclass a .NET type, you won't see SYSLIB0051 warnings. However, we recommend against annotating your type in this manner, as modern serialization libraries like System.Text.Json don't require them. Consider removing the [Serializable] attribute and the ISerializable interface. Instead, rely on your serialization library to access objects of the type through its public properties rather than its private fields.

Suppress a warning

If you must use the obsolete APIs, you can suppress the warning in code or in your project file.

To suppress only a single violation, add preprocessor directives to your source file to disable and then re-enable the warning.

// Disable the warning.
#pragma warning disable SYSLIB0051

// Code that uses obsolete API.
// ...

// Re-enable the warning.
#pragma warning restore SYSLIB0051

To suppress all the SYSLIB0051 warnings in your project, add a <NoWarn> property to your project file.

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
   ...
   <NoWarn>$(NoWarn);SYSLIB0051</NoWarn>
  </PropertyGroup>
</Project>

For more information, see Suppress warnings.

See also