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Collect Windows events with Azure Monitor Agent

  • บทความ

Windows events is one of the data sources used in a data collection rule (DCR). Details for the creation of the DCR are provided in Collect data with Azure Monitor Agent. This article provides additional details for the Windows events data source type.

Windows event logs are one of the most common data sources for Windows machines with Azure Monitor Agent since it's a common source of health and information for the Windows operating system and applications running on it. You can collect events from standard logs, such as System and Application, and any custom logs created by applications you need to monitor.

Prerequisites

Configure Windows event data source

In the Collect and deliver step of the DCR, select Windows Event Logs from the Data source type dropdown. Select from a set of logs and severity levels to collect.

Screenshot that shows configuration of a Windows event data source in a data collection rule.

Select Custom to filter events by using XPath queries. You can then specify an XPath to collect any specific values.

Screenshot that shows custom configuration of a Windows event data source in a data collection rule.

Security events

There are two methods you can use to collect security events with Azure Monitor agent:

  • Select the security event log in your DCR just like the System and Application logs. These events are sent to the Event table in your Log Analytics workspace with other events.
  • Enable Microsoft Sentinel on the workspace which also uses Azure Monitor agent to collect events. Security events are sent to the SecurityEvent.

Filter events using XPath queries

You're charged for any data you collect in a Log Analytics workspace. Therefore, you should only collect the event data you need. The basic configuration in the Azure portal provides you with a limited ability to filter out events. To specify more filters, use custom configuration and specify an XPath that filters out the events you don't need.

XPath entries are written in the form LogName!XPathQuery. For example, you might want to return only events from the Application event log with an event ID of 1035. The XPathQuery for these events would be *[System[EventID=1035]]. Because you want to retrieve the events from the Application event log, the XPath is Application!*[System[EventID=1035]]

Tip

For strategies to reduce your Azure Monitor costs, see Cost optimization and Azure Monitor.

Extract XPath queries from Windows Event Viewer

In Windows, you can use Event Viewer to extract XPath queries as shown in the following screenshots.

When you paste the XPath query into the field on the Add data source screen, as shown in step 5, you must append the log type category followed by an exclamation point (!).

Screenshot that shows the steps to create an XPath query in the Windows Event Viewer.

Tip

You can use the PowerShell cmdlet Get-WinEvent with the FilterXPath parameter to test the validity of an XPath query locally on your machine first. For more information, see the tip provided in the Windows agent-based connections instructions. The Get-WinEvent PowerShell cmdlet supports up to 23 expressions. Azure Monitor data collection rules support up to 20. The following script shows an example:

$XPath = '*[System[EventID=1035]]'
Get-WinEvent -LogName 'Application' -FilterXPath $XPath
  • In the preceding cmdlet, the value of the -LogName parameter is the initial part of the XPath query until the exclamation point (!). The rest of the XPath query goes into the $XPath parameter.
  • If the script returns events, the query is valid.
  • If you receive the message "No events were found that match the specified selection criteria," the query might be valid but there are no matching events on the local machine.
  • If you receive the message "The specified query is invalid," the query syntax is invalid.

Examples of using a custom XPath to filter events:

Description XPath
Collect only System events with Event ID = 4648 System!*[System[EventID=4648]]
Collect Security Log events with Event ID = 4648 and a process name of consent.exe Security!*[System[(EventID=4648)]] and *[EventData[Data[@Name='ProcessName']='C:\Windows\System32\consent.exe']]
Collect all Critical, Error, Warning, and Information events from the System event log except for Event ID = 6 (Driver loaded) System!*[System[(Level=1 or Level=2 or Level=3) and (EventID != 6)]]
Collect all success and failure Security events except for Event ID 4624 (Successful logon) Security!*[System[(band(Keywords,13510798882111488)) and (EventID != 4624)]]

Note

For a list of limitations in the XPath supported by Windows event log, see XPath 1.0 limitations. For example, you can use the "position", "Band", and "timediff" functions within the query but other functions like "starts-with" and "contains" are not currently supported.

Destinations

Windows event data can be sent to the following locations.

Destination Table / Namespace
Log Analytics workspace Event

Screenshot that shows configuration of an Azure Monitor Logs destination in a data collection rule.

Next steps