Add a simple data layer

บทความ
07/25/2023

The spatial IO module provides a SimpleDataLayer class. This class makes it easy to render styled features on the map. It can even render data sets that have style properties and data sets that contain mixed geometry types. The simple data layer achieves this functionality by wrapping multiple rendering layers and using style expressions. The style expressions search for common style properties of the features inside these wrapped layers. The atlas.io.read function and the atlas.io.write function use these properties to read and write styles into a supported file format. After adding the properties to a supported file format, the file can be used for various purposes. For example, the file can be used to display the styled features on the map.

In addition to styling features, the SimpleDataLayer provides a built-in popup feature with a popup template. The popup displays when a feature is selected. The default popup feature can be disabled, if desired. This layer also supports clustered data. When a cluster is clicked, the map zooms into the cluster and expands it into individual points and subclusters.

The SimpleDataLayer class is intended to be used on large data sets with many geometry types and many styles applied on the features. When used, this class adds an overhead of six layers containing style expressions. So, there are cases when it's more efficient to use the core rendering layers. For example, use a core layer to render a couple of geometry types and a few styles on a feature

Use a simple data layer

The SimpleDataLayer class is used like the other rendering layers are used. The following code shows how to use a simple data layer in a map:

//Create a data source and add it to the map.
var datasource = new atlas.source.DataSource();
map.sources.add(datasource);

//Add a simple data layer for rendering data.
var layer = new atlas.layer.SimpleDataLayer(datasource);
map.layers.add(layer);

The following code snippet demonstrates using a simple data layer, referencing the data from an online source.

function InitMap()
{
  var map = new atlas.Map('myMap', {
    center: [-73.967605, 40.780452],
    zoom: 12,
    view: "Auto",

    //Add authentication details for connecting to Azure Maps.
    authOptions: {
      // Get an Azure Maps key at https://azuremaps.com/.
      authType: 'subscriptionKey',
      subscriptionKey: '{Your-Azure-Maps-Subscription-key}'
    },
  });    

  //Wait until the map resources are ready.
  map.events.add('ready', function () {

    //Create a data source and add it to the map.
    var datasource = new atlas.source.DataSource();
    map.sources.add(datasource);

    //Add a simple data layer for rendering data.
    var layer = new atlas.layer.SimpleDataLayer(datasource);
    map.layers.add(layer);

    //Load an initial data set.
    loadDataSet('https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/s.cdpn.io/1717245/use-simple-data-layer.json');

    function loadDataSet(url) {
      //Read the spatial data and add it to the map.
      atlas.io.read(url).then(r => {
      if (r) {
        //Update the features in the data source.
        datasource.setShapes(r);

        //If bounding box information is known for data, set the map view to it.
        if (r.bbox) {
          map.setCamera({
            bounds: r.bbox,
            padding: 50
          });
        }
      }
      });
    }
  });
}

The url passed to the loadDataSet function points to the following json:

{
    "type": "Feature",
    "geometry": {
        "type": "Point",
        "coordinates": [0, 0]
    },
    "properties": {
        "color": "red"
    }
}

Once you add features to the data source, the simple data layer figures out how best to render them. Styles for individual features can be set as properties on the feature.

The above sample code shows a GeoJSON point feature with a color property set to red.

This sample code renders the point feature using the simple data layer, and appears as follows:

A screenshot of map with coordinates of 0, 0 that shows a red dot over blue water, the red dot was added using the symbol layer.

Note

Notice that the coordinates set when the map was initialized:

center: [-73.967605, 40.780452]

Are overwritten by the value from the datasource:

"coordinates": [0, 0]

The real power of the simple data layer comes when:

There are several different types of features in a data source; or
Features in the data set have several style properties individually set on them; or
You're not sure what the data set exactly contains.

For example when parsing XML data feeds, you may not know the exact styles and geometry types of the features. The Simple data layer options sample shows the power of the simple data layer by rendering the features of a KML file. It also demonstrates various options that the simple data layer class provides. For the source code for this sample, see Simple data layer options.html in the Azure Maps code samples in GitHub.

A screenshot of map with a panel on the left showing the different simple data layer options.

Note

This simple data layer uses the popup template class to display KML balloons or feature properties as a table. By default, all content rendered in the popup will be sandboxed inside of an iframe as a security feature. However, there are limitations:

All scripts, forms, pointer lock and top navigation functionality is disabled. Links are allowed to open up in a new tab when selected.
Older browsers that don't support the srcdoc parameter on iframes will be limited to rendering a small amount of content.

If you trust the data being loaded into the popups and potentially want these scripts loaded into popups be able to access your application, you can disable this by setting the popup templates sandboxContent option to false.

Default supported style properties

As mentioned earlier, the simple data layer wraps several of the core rendering layers: bubble, symbol, line, polygon, and extruded polygon. It then uses expressions to search for valid style properties on individual features.

Azure Maps and GitHub style properties are the two main sets of supported property names. Most property names of the different Azure maps layer options are supported as style properties of features in the simple data layer. Expressions have been added to some layer options to support style property names that are commonly used by GitHub. GitHub's GeoJSON map support defines these property names, and they're used to style GeoJSON files that are stored and rendered within the platform. All GitHub's styling properties are supported in the simple data layer, except the marker-symbol styling properties.

If the reader comes across a less common style property, it converts it to the closest Azure Maps style property. Additionally, the default style expressions can be overridden by using the getLayers function of the simple data layer and updating the options on any of the layers.

The following sections provide details on the default style properties supported by the simple data layer. The order of the supported property name is also the priority of the property. If two style properties are defined for the same layer option, then the first one in the list has higher precedence. Colors can be any CSS3 color value; HEX, RGB, RGBA, HSL, HSLA, or named color value.

Bubble layer style properties

If a feature is a Point or a MultiPoint, and the feature doesn't have an image property that would be used as a custom icon to render the point as a symbol, then the feature is rendered with a BubbleLayer.

Layer option	Supported property name(s)	Default value
`color`	`color`, `marker-color`	`'#1A73AA'`
`radius`	`size`¹, `marker-size`², `scale`¹	`8`
`strokeColor`	`strokeColor`, `stroke`	`'#FFFFFF'`

[1] The size and scale values are considered scalar values, and are multiplied by 8

[2] If the GitHub marker-size option is specified, then the following values are used for the radius.

Marker size	Radius
`small`	`6`
`medium`	`8`
`large`	`12`

Clusters are also rendered using the bubble layer. By default the radius of a cluster is set to 16. The color of the cluster varies depending on the number of points in the cluster, as defined in the following table:

# of points	Color
>= 100	`red`
>= 10	`yellow`
< 10	`green`

Symbol style properties

If a feature is a Point or a MultiPoint, and the feature and has an image property that would be used as a custom icon to render the point as a symbol, then the feature is rendered with a SymbolLayer.

Layer option	Supported property name(s)	Default value
`image`	`image`	`none`
`size`	`size`, `marker-size`¹	`1`
`rotation`	`rotation`	`0`
`offset`	`offset`	`[0, 0]`
`anchor`	`anchor`	`'bottom'`

[1] If the GitHub marker-size option is specified, then the following values are used for the icon size option.

Marker size	Symbol size
`small`	`0.5`
`medium`	`1`
`large`	`2`

If the point feature is a cluster, the point_count_abbreviated property is rendered as a text label. No image is rendered.

Line style properties

If the feature is a LineString, MultiLineString, Polygon, or MultiPolygon, then the feature is rendered with a LineLayer.

Layer option	Supported property name(s)	Default value
`strokeColor`	`strokeColor`, `stroke`	`'#1E90FF'`
`strokeWidth`	`strokeWidth`, `stroke-width`, `stroke-thickness`	`3`
`strokeOpacity`	`strokeOpacity`, `stroke-opacity`	`1`

Polygon style properties

If the feature is a Polygon or a MultiPolygon, and the feature either doesn't have a height property or the height property is zero, then the feature is rendered with a PolygonLayer.

Layer option	Supported property name(s)	Default value
`fillColor`	`fillColor`, `fill`	`'#1E90FF'`
`fillOpacity`	`fillOpacity`, '`fill-opacity`	`0.5`

Extruded polygon style properties

If the feature is a Polygon or a MultiPolygon, and has a height property with a value greater than zero, the feature is rendered with an PolygonExtrusionLayer.