Enable authentication in your own Angular Application by using Azure Active Directory B2C

บทความ
01/11/2024

This article shows you how to add Azure Active Directory B2C (Azure AD B2C) authentication to your own Angular single-page application (SPA). Learn how to integrate an Angular application with the MSAL for Angular authentication library.

Use this article with the related article titled Configure authentication in a sample Angular single-page application. Substitute the sample Angular app with your own Angular app. After you complete the steps in this article, your application will accept sign-ins via Azure AD B2C.

Prerequisites

Complete the steps in the Configure authentication in a sample Angular single-page application article.

Create an Angular app project

You can use an existing Angular app project or create a new one. To create a new project, run the following commands.

The commands:

Install the Angular CLI by using the npm package manager.
Create an Angular workspace with a routing module. The app name is msal-angular-tutorial. You can change it to any valid Angular app name, such as contoso-car-service.
Change to the app directory folder.

npm install -g @angular/cli 
ng new msal-angular-tutorial --routing=true --style=css --strict=false
cd msal-angular-tutorial

Install the dependencies

To install the MSAL Browser and MSAL Angular libraries in your application, run the following command in your command shell:

npm install @azure/msal-browser @azure/msal-angular

Install the Angular Material component library (optional, for UI):

npm install @angular/material @angular/cdk

Add the authentication components

The sample code consists of the following components:

Component	Type	Description
auth-config.ts	Constants	This configuration file contains information about your Azure AD B2C identity provider and the web API service. The Angular app uses this information to establish a trust relationship with Azure AD B2C, sign in and sign out the user, acquire tokens, and validate the tokens.
app.module.ts	Angular module	This component describes how the application parts fit together. This is the root module that's used to bootstrap and open the application. In this walkthrough, you add some components to the app.module.ts module, and you start the MSAL library with the MSAL configuration object.
app-routing.module.ts	Angular routing module	This component enables navigation by interpreting a browser URL and loading the corresponding component. In this walkthrough, you add some components to the routing module, and you protect components with MSAL Guard. Only authorized users can access the protected components.
app.component.*	Angular component	The `ng new` command created an Angular project with a root component. In this walkthrough, you change the app component to host the top navigation bar. The navigation bar contains various buttons, including sign-in and sign-out buttons. The `app.component.ts` class handles the sign-in and sign-out events.
home.component.*	Angular component	In this walkthrough, you add the home component to render the home page for anonymous access. This component demonstrates how to check whether a user has signed in.
profile.component.*	Angular component	In this walkthrough, you add the profile component to learn how to read the ID token claims.
webapi.component.*	Angular component	In this walkthrough, you add the webapi component to learn how to call a web API.

To add the following components to your app, run the following Angular CLI commands. The generate component commands:

Create a folder for each component. The folder contains the TypeScript, HTML, CSS, and test files.
Update the app.module.ts and app-routing.module.ts files with references to the new components.

ng generate component home
ng generate component profile
ng generate component webapi

Add the app settings

Settings for the Azure AD B2C identity provider and the web API are stored in the auth-config.ts file. In your src/app folder, create a file named auth-config.ts that contains the following code. Then change the settings as described in 3.1 Configure the Angular sample.

import { LogLevel, Configuration, BrowserCacheLocation } from '@azure/msal-browser';

const isIE = window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("MSIE ") > -1 || window.navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Trident/") > -1;
 
export const b2cPolicies = {
     names: {
         signUpSignIn: "b2c_1_susi_reset_v2",
         editProfile: "b2c_1_edit_profile_v2"
     },
     authorities: {
         signUpSignIn: {
             authority: "https://your-tenant-name.b2clogin.com/your-tenant-name.onmicrosoft.com/b2c_1_susi_reset_v2",
         },
         editProfile: {
             authority: "https://your-tenant-name.b2clogin.com/your-tenant-name.onmicrosoft.com/b2c_1_edit_profile_v2"
         }
     },
     authorityDomain: "your-tenant-name.b2clogin.com"
 };
 
 
export const msalConfig: Configuration = {
     auth: {
         clientId: '<your-MyApp-application-ID>',
         authority: b2cPolicies.authorities.signUpSignIn.authority,
         knownAuthorities: [b2cPolicies.authorityDomain],
         redirectUri: '/', 
     },
     cache: {
         cacheLocation: BrowserCacheLocation.LocalStorage,
         storeAuthStateInCookie: isIE, 
     },
     system: {
         loggerOptions: {
            loggerCallback: (logLevel, message, containsPii) => {
                console.log(message);
             },
             logLevel: LogLevel.Verbose,
             piiLoggingEnabled: false
         }
     }
 }

export const protectedResources = {
  todoListApi: {
    endpoint: "http://localhost:5000/api/todolist",
    scopes: ["https://your-tenant-name.onmicrosoft.com/api/tasks.read"],
  },
}
export const loginRequest = {
  scopes: []
};

Start the authentication libraries

Public client applications aren't trusted to safely keep application secrets, so they don't have client secrets. In the src/app folder, open app.module.ts and make the following changes:

Import the MSAL Angular and MSAL Browser libraries.
Import the Azure AD B2C configuration module.
Import HttpClientModule. The HTTP client is used to call web APIs.
Import the Angular HTTP interceptor. MSAL uses the interceptor to inject the bearer token to the HTTP authorization header.
Add the essential Angular materials.
Instantiate MSAL by using the multiple account public client application object. The MSAL initialization includes passing:
1. The configuration object for auth-config.ts.
2. The configuration object for the routing guard.
3. The configuration object for the MSAL interceptor. The interceptor class automatically acquires tokens for outgoing requests that use the Angular HttpClient class to known protected resources.
Configure the HTTP_INTERCEPTORS and MsalGuard Angular providers.
Add MsalRedirectComponent to the Angular bootstrap.

In the src/app folder, edit app.module.ts and make the modifications shown in the following code snippet. The changes are flagged with "Changes start here" and "Changes end here."

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { BrowserModule } from '@angular/platform-browser';

import { AppRoutingModule } from './app-routing.module';
import { AppComponent } from './app.component';

/* Changes start here. */
// Import MSAL and MSAL browser libraries. 
import { MsalGuard, MsalInterceptor, MsalModule, MsalRedirectComponent } from '@azure/msal-angular';
import { InteractionType, PublicClientApplication } from '@azure/msal-browser';

// Import the Azure AD B2C configuration 
import { msalConfig, protectedResources } from './auth-config';

// Import the Angular HTTP interceptor. 
import { HttpClientModule, HTTP_INTERCEPTORS } from '@angular/common/http';
import { ProfileComponent } from './profile/profile.component';
import { HomeComponent } from './home/home.component';
import { WebapiComponent } from './webapi/webapi.component';

// Add the essential Angular materials.
import { MatButtonModule } from '@angular/material/button';
import { MatToolbarModule } from '@angular/material/toolbar';
import { MatListModule } from '@angular/material/list';
import { MatTableModule } from '@angular/material/table';
/* Changes end here. */

@NgModule({
  declarations: [
    AppComponent,
    ProfileComponent,
    HomeComponent,
    WebapiComponent
  ],
  imports: [
    BrowserModule,
    AppRoutingModule,
    /* Changes start here. */
    // Import the following Angular materials. 
    MatButtonModule,
    MatToolbarModule,
    MatListModule,
    MatTableModule,
    // Import the HTTP client. 
    HttpClientModule,

    // Initiate the MSAL library with the MSAL configuration object
    MsalModule.forRoot(new PublicClientApplication(msalConfig),
      {
        // The routing guard configuration. 
        interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
        authRequest: {
          scopes: protectedResources.todoListApi.scopes
        }
      },
      {
        // MSAL interceptor configuration.
        // The protected resource mapping maps your web API with the corresponding app scopes. If your code needs to call another web API, add the URI mapping here.
        interactionType: InteractionType.Redirect,
        protectedResourceMap: new Map([
          [protectedResources.todoListApi.endpoint, protectedResources.todoListApi.scopes]
        ])
      })
    /* Changes end here. */
  ],
  providers: [
    /* Changes start here. */
    {
      provide: HTTP_INTERCEPTORS,
      useClass: MsalInterceptor,
      multi: true
    },
    MsalGuard
    /* Changes end here. */
  ],
  bootstrap: [
    AppComponent,
    /* Changes start here. */
    MsalRedirectComponent
    /* Changes end here. */
  ]
})
export class AppModule { }

Configure routes

In this section, configure the routes for your Angular application. When a user selects a link on the page to move within your single-page application, or enters a URL in the address bar, the routes map the URL to an Angular component. The Angular routing canActivate interface uses MSAL Guard to check if the user is signed in. If the user isn't signed in, MSAL takes the user to Azure AD B2C to authenticate.

In the src/app folder, edit app-routing.module.ts make the modifications shown in the following code snippet. The changes are flagged with "Changes start here" and "Changes end here."

import { NgModule } from '@angular/core';
import { RouterModule, Routes } from '@angular/router';
import { MsalGuard } from '@azure/msal-angular';
import { HomeComponent } from './home/home.component';
import { ProfileComponent } from './profile/profile.component';
import { WebapiComponent } from './webapi/webapi.component';

const routes: Routes = [
  /* Changes start here. */
  {
    path: 'profile',
    component: ProfileComponent,
    // The profile component is protected with MSAL Guard.
    canActivate: [MsalGuard]
  },
  {
    path: 'webapi',
    component: WebapiComponent,
    // The profile component is protected with MSAL Guard.
    canActivate: [MsalGuard]
  },
  {
    // The home component allows anonymous access
    path: '',
    component: HomeComponent
  }
  /* Changes end here. */
];


@NgModule({
  /* Changes start here. */
  // Replace the following line with the next one
  //imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes)],
  imports: [RouterModule.forRoot(routes, {
    initialNavigation:'enabled'
  })],
  /* Changes end here. */
  exports: [RouterModule]
})
export class AppRoutingModule { }

In this section, you add the sign-in and sign-out buttons to the app component. In the src/app folder, open the app.component.ts file and make the following changes:

Import the required components.
Change the class to implement the OnInit method. The OnInit method subscribes to the MSAL MsalBroadcastService inProgress$ observable event. Use this event to know the status of user interactions, particularly to check that interactions are completed.

Before interactions with the MSAL account object, check that the InteractionStatus property returns InteractionStatus.None. The subscribe event calls the setLoginDisplay method to check if the user is authenticated.
Add class variables.
Add the login method that starts authorization flow.
Add the logout method that signs out the user.
Add the setLoginDisplay method that checks if the user is authenticated.
Add the ngOnDestroy method to clean up the inProgress$ subscribe event.

After the changes, your code should look like the following code snippet:

import { Component, OnInit, Inject } from '@angular/core';
import { MsalService, MsalBroadcastService, MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG, MsalGuardConfiguration } from '@azure/msal-angular';
import { InteractionStatus, RedirectRequest } from '@azure/msal-browser';
import { Subject } from 'rxjs';
import { filter, takeUntil } from 'rxjs/operators';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-root',
  templateUrl: './app.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./app.component.css']
})

/* Changes start here. */
export class AppComponent implements OnInit{
  title = 'msal-angular-tutorial';
  loginDisplay = false;
  private readonly _destroying$ = new Subject<void>();

  constructor(@Inject(MSAL_GUARD_CONFIG) private msalGuardConfig: MsalGuardConfiguration, private broadcastService: MsalBroadcastService, private authService: MsalService) { }

  ngOnInit() {

    this.broadcastService.inProgress$
    .pipe(
      filter((status: InteractionStatus) => status === InteractionStatus.None),
      takeUntil(this._destroying$)
    )
    .subscribe(() => {
      this.setLoginDisplay();
    })
  }

  login() {
    if (this.msalGuardConfig.authRequest){
      this.authService.loginRedirect({...this.msalGuardConfig.authRequest} as RedirectRequest);
    } else {
      this.authService.loginRedirect();
    }
  }

  logout() { 
    this.authService.logoutRedirect({
      postLogoutRedirectUri: 'http://localhost:4200'
    });
  }

  setLoginDisplay() {
    this.loginDisplay = this.authService.instance.getAllAccounts().length > 0;
  }

  ngOnDestroy(): void {
    this._destroying$.next(undefined);
    this._destroying$.complete();
  }
  /* Changes end here. */
}

In the src/app folder, edit app.component.html and make the following changes:

Add a link to the profile and web API components.
Add the login button with the click event attribute set to the login() method. This button appears only if the loginDisplay class variable is false.
Add the logout button with the click event attribute set to the logout() method. This button appears only if the loginDisplay class variable is true.
Add a router-outlet element.

After the changes, your code should look like the following code snippet:

<mat-toolbar color="primary">
  <a class="title" href="/">{{ title }}</a>

  <div class="toolbar-spacer"></div>

  <a mat-button [routerLink]="['profile']">Profile</a>
  <a mat-button [routerLink]="['webapi']">Web API</a>

  <button mat-raised-button *ngIf="!loginDisplay" (click)="login()">Login</button>
  <button mat-raised-button *ngIf="loginDisplay" (click)="logout()">Logout</button>

</mat-toolbar>
<div class="container">
  <router-outlet></router-outlet>
</div>

Optionally, update the app.component.css file with the following CSS snippet:

.toolbar-spacer {
    flex: 1 1 auto;
  }

  a.title {
    color: white;
  }

Handle the app redirects

When you're using redirects with MSAL, you must add the app-redirect directive to index.html. In the src folder, edit index.html as shown in the following code snippet:

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <title>MsalAngularTutorial</title>
  <base href="/">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico">
</head>
<body>
  <app-root></app-root>
  <!-- Changes start here -->
  <app-redirect></app-redirect>
  <!-- Changes end here -->
</body>
</html>

Set app CSS (optional)

In the /src folder, update the styles.css file with the following CSS snippet:

@import '~@angular/material/prebuilt-themes/deeppurple-amber.css';

html, body { height: 100%; }
body { margin: 0; font-family: Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; }
.container { margin: 1%; }

Tip

At this point, you can run your app and test the sign-in experience. To run your app, see the Run the Angular application section.

Check if a user is authenticated

The home.component file demonstrates how to check if the user is authenticated. In the src/app/home folder, update home.component.ts with the following code snippet.

The code:

Subscribes to the MSAL MsalBroadcastService msalSubject$ and inProgress$ observable events.
Ensures that the msalSubject$ event writes the authentication result to the browser console.
Ensures that the inProgress$ event checks if a user is authenticated. The getAllAccounts() method returns one or more objects.

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { MsalBroadcastService, MsalService } from '@azure/msal-angular';
import { EventMessage, EventType, InteractionStatus } from '@azure/msal-browser';
import { filter } from 'rxjs/operators';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-home',
  templateUrl: './home.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./home.component.css']
})
export class HomeComponent implements OnInit {
  loginDisplay = false;

  constructor(private authService: MsalService, private msalBroadcastService: MsalBroadcastService) { }

  ngOnInit(): void {
    this.msalBroadcastService.msalSubject$
      .pipe(
        filter((msg: EventMessage) => msg.eventType === EventType.LOGIN_SUCCESS),
      )
      .subscribe((result: EventMessage) => {
        console.log(result);
      });

    this.msalBroadcastService.inProgress$
      .pipe(
        filter((status: InteractionStatus) => status === InteractionStatus.None)
      )
      .subscribe(() => {
        this.setLoginDisplay();
      })
  }

  setLoginDisplay() {
    this.loginDisplay = this.authService.instance.getAllAccounts().length > 0;
  }
}

In the src/app/home folder, update home.component.html with the following HTML snippet. The *ngIf directive checks the loginDisplay class variable to show or hide the welcome messages.

<div *ngIf="!loginDisplay">
    <p>Please sign-in to see your profile information.</p>
</div>

<div *ngIf="loginDisplay">
    <p>Login successful!</p>
    <p>Request your profile information by clicking Profile above.</p>
</div>

Read the ID token claims

The profile.component file demonstrates how to access the user's ID token claims. In the src/app/profile folder, update profile.component.ts with the following code snippet.

The code:

Imports the required components.
Subscribes to the MSAL MsalBroadcastService inProgress$ observable event. The event loads the account and reads the ID token claims.
Ensures that the checkAndSetActiveAccount method checks and sets the active account. This action is common when the app interacts with multiple Azure AD B2C user flows or custom policies.
Ensures that the getClaims method gets the ID token claims from the active MSAL account object. The method then adds the claims to the dataSource array. The array is rendered to the user with the component's template binding.

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { MsalBroadcastService, MsalService } from '@azure/msal-angular';
import { EventMessage, EventType, InteractionStatus } from '@azure/msal-browser';
import { Subject } from 'rxjs';
import { filter, takeUntil } from 'rxjs/operators';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-profile',
  templateUrl: './profile.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./profile.component.css']
})

export class ProfileComponent implements OnInit {
  displayedColumns: string[] = ['claim', 'value'];
  dataSource: Claim[] = [];
  private readonly _destroying$ = new Subject<void>();
  
  constructor(private authService: MsalService, private msalBroadcastService: MsalBroadcastService) { }

  ngOnInit(): void {

    this.msalBroadcastService.inProgress$
      .pipe(
        filter((status: InteractionStatus) =>  status === InteractionStatus.None || status === InteractionStatus.HandleRedirect),
        takeUntil(this._destroying$)
      )
      .subscribe(() => {
        this.checkAndSetActiveAccount();
        this.getClaims(this.authService.instance.getActiveAccount()?.idTokenClaims)
      })
  }

  checkAndSetActiveAccount() {

    let activeAccount = this.authService.instance.getActiveAccount();

    if (!activeAccount && this.authService.instance.getAllAccounts().length > 0) {
      let accounts = this.authService.instance.getAllAccounts();
      this.authService.instance.setActiveAccount(accounts[0]);
    }
  }

  getClaims(claims: any) {

    let list: Claim[]  =  new Array<Claim>();

    Object.keys(claims).forEach(function(k, v){
      
      let c = new Claim()
      c.id = v;
      c.claim = k;
      c.value =  claims ? claims[k]: null;
      list.push(c);
    });
    this.dataSource = list;

  }

  ngOnDestroy(): void {
    this._destroying$.next(undefined);
    this._destroying$.complete();
  }
}

export class Claim {
  id: number;
  claim: string;
  value: string;
}

In the src/app/profile folder, update profile.component.html with the following HTML snippet:

<h1>ID token claims:</h1>

<table mat-table [dataSource]="dataSource" class="mat-elevation-z8">

  <!-- Claim Column -->
  <ng-container matColumnDef="claim">
    <th mat-header-cell *matHeaderCellDef> Claim </th>
    <td mat-cell *matCellDef="let element"> {{element.claim}} </td>
  </ng-container>

  <!-- Value Column -->
  <ng-container matColumnDef="value">
    <th mat-header-cell *matHeaderCellDef> Value </th>
    <td mat-cell *matCellDef="let element"> {{element.value}} </td>
  </ng-container>

  <tr mat-header-row *matHeaderRowDef="displayedColumns"></tr>
  <tr mat-row *matRowDef="let row; columns: displayedColumns;"></tr>
</table>

Call a web API

To call a token-based authorization web API, the app needs to have a valid access token. The MsalInterceptor provider automatically acquires tokens for outgoing requests that use the Angular HttpClient class to known protected resources.

Important

The MSAL initialization method (in the app.module.ts class) maps protected resources, such as web APIs, with the required app scopes by using the protectedResourceMap object. If your code needs to call another web API, add the web API URI and the web API HTTP method, with the corresponding scopes, to the protectedResourceMap object. For more information, see Protected Resource Map.

When the HttpClient object calls a web API, the MsalInterceptor provider takes the following steps:

Acquires an access token with the required permissions (scopes) for the web API endpoint.
Passes the access token as a bearer token in the authorization header of the HTTP request by using this format:
```
Authorization: Bearer <access-token>
```

The webapi.component file demonstrates how to call a web API. In the src/app/webapi folder, update webapi.component.ts with the following code snippet.

The code:

Uses the Angular HttpClient class to call the web API.
Reads the auth-config class's protectedResources.todoListApi.endpoint element. This element specifies the web API URI. Based on the web API URI, the MSAL interceptor acquires an access token with the corresponding scopes.
Gets the profile from the web API and sets the profile class variable.

import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';
import { HttpClient } from '@angular/common/http';
import { protectedResources } from '../auth-config';

type ProfileType = {
  name?: string
};

@Component({
  selector: 'app-webapi',
  templateUrl: './webapi.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./webapi.component.css']
})
export class WebapiComponent implements OnInit {
  todoListEndpoint: string = protectedResources.todoListApi.endpoint;
  profile!: ProfileType;

  constructor(
    private http: HttpClient
  ) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.getProfile();
  }

  getProfile() {
    this.http.get(this.todoListEndpoint)
      .subscribe(profile => {
        this.profile = profile;
      });
  }
}

In the src/app/webapi folder, update webapi.component.html with the following HTML snippet. The component's template renders the name that the web API returns. At the bottom of the page, the template renders the web API address.

<h1>The web API returns:</h1>
<div>
    <p><strong>Name: </strong> {{profile?.name}}</p>
</div>

<div class="footer-text">
    Web API: {{todoListEndpoint}}
</div>

Optionally, update the webapi.component.css file with the following CSS snippet:

.footer-text {
    position: absolute;
    bottom: 50px;
    color: gray;
}

Run the Angular application

Run the following command:

npm start

The console window displays the number of the port where the application is hosted.

Listening on port 4200...

Tip

Alternatively, to run the npm start command, use the Visual Studio Code debugger. The debugger helps accelerate your edit, compile, and debug loop.

Go to http://localhost:4200 in your browser to view the application.

แชร์ผ่าน

Enable authentication in your own Angular Application by using Azure Active Directory B2C

Prerequisites

Create an Angular app project

Install the dependencies

Add the authentication components

Add the app settings

Start the authentication libraries

Configure routes

Handle the app redirects

Set app CSS (optional)

Check if a user is authenticated

Read the ID token claims

Call a web API

Run the Angular application

Next steps

คำติชม

แหล่งทรัพยากรเพิ่มเติม

แชร์ผ่าน

Enable authentication in your own Angular Application by using Azure Active Directory B2C

Prerequisites

Create an Angular app project

Install the dependencies

Add the authentication components

Add the app settings

Start the authentication libraries

Configure routes

Add the sign-in and sign-out buttons

Handle the app redirects

Set app CSS (optional)

Check if a user is authenticated

Read the ID token claims

Call a web API

Run the Angular application

Next steps

คำติชม

แหล่งทรัพยากรเพิ่มเติม